• E2M - 전기 전자와 첨단 소재
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.443-450
• /
• 1995

A directional coupler which on the X-cut $LiNbO_3$ substrate is fabricated by using proton exchange method and self-aligned method. After proton exchange process, the waveguide is formed by annealing process. The relation ship between refractive index change of waveguide and maximum output was studied along with the annealing time. A self-aligned method was used to simplify the fabrication process of the waveguide and to maximize the efficiency of electric field. The on-off state of modulator has been observered with the switching of the directional coupler by the electric field effect and also the switching voltage of the directional coupler has been measured with 8.0 [V].

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing-Green Technology
• /
• 제5권5호
• /
• pp.643-650
• /
• 2018

A self-powered electrochromic device was fabricated on an indium tin oxide-polyethylene naphthalate flexible substrate using a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) as a self-harvesting source; the electrochromic device was naturally bleached and operated under outdoor light conditions. The color of the organic electrochromic polymer, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate, was shifted from pale blue to deep blue with an antimony tin oxide film as a charge-balanced material. Electrochromic performance was enhanced by secondary doping using dimethyl sulfoxide. As a result, the device showed stable switching behavior with a high transmittance change difference of 40% at its specific wavelength of 630 nm for 6 hrs. To improve the efficiency of the solar cell, 1.0 wt.% of Ag NWs in the photoanode was applied to the $TiO_2$ photoanode. It resulted in an efficiency of 3.3%, leading to an operating voltage of 0.7 V under xenon lamp conditions. As a result, we built a standalone self-harvesting electrochromic system with the performance of transmittance switching of 29% at 630 nm, by connecting with two solar cells in a device. Thus, a self-harvesting and flexible device was fabricated to operate automatically under the irradiated/dark conditions.

• 인지과학
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.71-93
• /
• 2013

멀티태스킹은 이제 일상이 되었다. 자발적으로 하고 있던 일을 중단하고, 다른 것으로 전환하는 행동이 점점 쉬워지고 잦아지고 있다. 그러나 기존 연구에 따르면 과제전환은 대부분 인지적 비용을 야기시킬 뿐이다. 본 연구에서는 자발적 과제전환으로 인지적 이득을 얻을 수 있는지에 대해서 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해서 우선, 실험 1에서는 비슷한 성격의 두 과제를 할 때, 기존 연구와 마찬가지로 과제전환빈도와 수행도에 부적상관관계가 나타남을 확인하였다. 실험 2에서는 과제전환 가능 조건과 불가능 조건을 나누고, 개인의 멀티태스킹 선호도와 미디어 멀티태스킹 지수에 따라 각 과제의 수행도와 주관적 평가가 어떻게 달라지는지를 분석하였다. 실험 결과, 기존의 대부분 연구와 다르게 과제전환에서 항상 손실이 나타나는 것은 아니었다. 특히, 멀티태스킹 선호도가 높은 집단에서는 자발적 과제전환에서의 이득이 더 크게 나타났다. 기존의 과제전환 연구는 주로 손실이 발생하는 이유와, 그것을 줄이는 방법에 집중된 경향이 있었다. 그러나 본 연구는 과제전환 행동에서 발생하는 인지적 손실 뿐만 아니라 이득도 살펴보고자 하였다. 그 결과 참가자내 조건과 과제의 특성에 따라 손실과 이득이 차이 나는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국진공학회 2013년도 제44회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.597-597
• /
• 2013

The resistive switching behaviors of Pt nanodisk on Nb-doped SrTiO3 single-crystal have been studied with conductive atomic force microscopy in ultra-high vacuum. The nanometer sizes of Pt disks were formed by using self-assembled patterns of silica nanospheres on Nb-doped SrTiO3 single-crystal semiconductor film using the Langmuir-Blodgett, followed by the metal deposition with e-beam evaporation. The conductance images shows the spatial mapping of the current flowing from the TiN coated AFM probe to Pt nanodisk surface on Nb：STO single-crystal substrate, that was simultaneously obtained with topography. The bipolar resistive switching behaviors of Pt nanodisk on Nb：STO single-crystal junctions was observed. By measuring the current-voltage spectroscopy after the forming process, we found that switching behavior depends on the charging and discharging of interface trap state that exhibit the high resistive state (HRS) and low resistive state (LRS), respectively. The results suggest that the bipolar resistive switching of Pt/Nb:STO single-crystal junctions can be performed without the electrochemical redox reaction between tip and sample with the potential application of nanometer scale resistive switching devices.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2006년도 6th International Meeting on Information Display
• /
• pp.63-66
• /
• 2006

We describe a unique process based on colloidal self-assembly that results in a uniform (almost hexagonally close-packed) layer of liquid crystal domains over large areas leading to single-substrate cholesteric LCDs with low switching voltages, excellent contrast, and high brightness. Extension to guest-host LCDs is also discussed.

• 한국통신학회논문지
• /
• 제24권9B호
• /
• pp.1631-1642
• /
• 1999

본 논문에서는 새로운 고장 감내 ATM 스위치와 그 스위치 페브릭 내부에서 고장 감내를 위해서 사용하는 새로운 적응 자기 경로 제어기법을 제안한다. 이 스위치 페브릭은 동일한 단계(Stage)에 있는 스위칭 요소들(Switching Elements: SE)에 링크들을 추가하여 구성하고, 라우팅 알고리즘으로 베니안(Banyan) 네트웍의 자기 경로제어 기법을 확장하여 사용한다. 이렇게 구성된 스위치는 기존의 대부분의 스위치보다 입력단과 출력단 사이에 더 많은 다중 경로(Path)들을 제공할 수 있다. 본 경로 제어 기법은 베니안 네트웍처럼 간단하며, 이는 패킷을 동일한 목적으로 보내는 스위칭 요소들간의 위상적 관계들에 기반을 두고 있다. 이 베니안 네트웍의 위상적 특성들은 본 논문에서는 대수적으로 알고리즘의 정당성을 증명하였으며, 분석적 신뢰성 분석을 통해서 다른 스위치들과 정량적인 비교를 제공하였다. 이는 새로운 스위치 페브릭이 신뢰성 측면에서 베니안 네트웍이나 다른 네트웍보다 비용 대 효과비가 우수함을 보이고 있다.

• 전기학회논문지
• /
• 제62권6호
• /
• pp.744-749
• /
• 2013

The protection switching technology is widely adopted in the fiber-optical transmission equipments based on TDM(Time Division Multiplexing), such as PDH, SDH/SONET. A variety of protection switching algorithms for Ethernet networks and the progress of standardization are summarized in the document. There are several kinds of protection switching algorithms for Ethernet networks, such as STP, RSTP, MSTP and etc. However, since Ethernet signal move through detour route, it causes much time to recover. Accordingly, it is difficult to secure a usability of Ethernet networks and QOS(Quality of Service). Also, if the protection switching protocol standardized by IEEE and ITU-T is used, it remains a inherent network switching time for protection. Therefore, a specific protection switching algorithm for Ethernet are needed for seamless and stable operation of Ethernet networks service for Distribution Automation System(DAS). A reliable protection algorithm with no switching delay time is very important to implement Self-healing service for DAS. This study of FPGA based protection switching algorithm for Ethernet networks shows that in case of faults occurrence on distribution power network, immediate fault isolation and restoration are conducted through interaction with distribution equipments using P2P(Peer to Peer) communication for protection coordination. It is concluded that FPGA based protection switching algorithm for Ethernet networks available 0ms switching time is crucial technology to secure reliability of DAS.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 1999년도 하계학술대회 논문집 F
• /
• pp.2638-2640
• /
• 1999

This paper proposes a current-fed type high frequency inverter using a soft switching technology Zero-Voltage-Switching to reduce turn on and off loss at the switching. The analysis of the proposed circuit was described by using normalized parameter and operating characteristics have been evaluated as to switching frequency and parameters. In the future, the proposed circuit is considered to be useful for induction heating applications.

• 한국정보컨버전스학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정보컨버전스학회 2008년도 International conference on information convergence
• /
• pp.131-134
• /
• 2008

A Mobile Ad hoc NETwork(MANET) is a system of wireless mobile nodes that dynamically self-organize in arbitrary and temporary network topologies. In the highly dynamic environment of MANET, energy efficiency is an important performance measure since it directly affects the network lifetime. The failure of energy severely impacts a communications system in crucial communications environments, such as disasters salvage. In this study, we propose a new packet switching routing that can increase the durability of the energy resource and therefore, the lifetime of the mobile nodes and MANET. The performance of the packet switching routing on the node-disjoint multipath and that of AODV are compared by NS2 simulation. The simulation results indicate that this new switching routing can extend the lifetime of a MANET.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:정보통신
• /
• 제34권4호
• /
• pp.256-261
• /
• 2007

편향 자기 경로 제어 방법을 사용하는 고성능 고장 감내 스위칭 망인, 2차원 링-밴얀 망은 비균일 부하를 가하였을 경우에 사이클릭 밴얀 스위칭 망보다 성능이 우수하다. 본 논문에서는 이 망의 신뢰성 분석을 제시한다. 하드웨어 복잡도를 반영한 확률적 모형을 사용하여, 고장까지의 평균시간(Mean-Time-to-Failure)을 계산하여 제시하였다. 결과적으로, 최근에 개발된 Hui의 망 보다. $16\;{\times}\;16$ 망은 27.5%, $64\;{\times}\;64$ 망은 51.0%, 이 스위칭 망의 신뢰성이 높음을 알 수 있었다.