• Proceedings of the Korea Association of Information Systems Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.25-35
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• 2000

A huge amount of financial information in large databases makes performance comparisons among organizations difficult or at least very time-consuming. This paper investigates whether neural networks in the form of self-organizing maps can be effectively employed to perform a competitive benchmarking in large databases. By using self-organizing maps, we expect to overcome problems associated with finding appropriate underlying distributions and functional forms of underlying data. The method also offers a way of visualizing the results. The database in this study consists of annual financial reports of 100 biggest Korean companies over the years 1998, 1999, and 2000.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.335-348
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• 2000

This study examines changes in economy status of retailers with self-employed and introduce a re-education program for enhancing their market competition supported by KeiMyung University and the city of Daeku. There are more than 80 participants for this program, mostly employed in small business in such as supermarket, apparel industry, conventional type of market and so on. The questionnaires were administered to all participants and analyzed the level of satisfaction for categories included in survey to evaluate the program. The results of study leads us to suggest the ways how those small business families can survive in furture and give the motives to develop new marketing strategies.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.5-13
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• 1990

The purpose of this study was to investigate physical self concept between high school boys and girls and to find various factors affecting them. For the Survey, 331 respondents for boys and 347 for girls were randomly selected from one coeducational high school in Seoul, from May 16 to May 19, 1990. The instrument used in this questionaire survey method was a part of Won Shik Jung's Physical Self Concept Scale for measuring Self Concept, it's reliability was' Cronbach a = 0.718. For the analysis. descriptive statistics were used by calculating frequencies, percentages and mean scores. $X^2-test$, t-test, and analysis of variance were employed to test the differences and statistical significance. The relationship between physical self concept and area variables was analysed by use of Pearson's correlation coiefficients. For the examine of various factors affecting physical self concept, multiple stepwise regression method was employed. The results of this study are summarized as follows: 1. There was no significant difference in physical self concept between male and female students. 2. The scores of physical self concept among the students were negatively correlated with their academic year, even though statistical signification was not found. 3. Physical self concept was classified into two areas; health area and appearance area. There was no significant difference in health area between boys and girls. But, the difference of health area was significant in accordance with the academic years. That, the scores of the health area are dropped as academic year going up. 4. Significant relationship was revealed among health area, appearance area, and physical self concept. The correlation between health area and physical self concept was the highest relationship (r = 0.71) The main factors affecting the physical self concept were (1) father's educational background (2) year (3) number of brother (4) religion (5) father's age. 5. As academic year going up, the rate of counseling with parents are dropped. In conclusion, the result of the study indicate that, a person managed the school health and parents can help students to promote their physical, mental, and emotional health by means of health education and counseling.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.343-346
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• 2017

Background: Long working hours adversely affect worker safety and health. In 2004, Korea passed legislation that limited the work week to 40 hours, in an effort to improve quality-of-life and increase business competitiveness. This regulation was implemented in stages, first for large businesses and then for small businesses, from 2004 to 2011. We previously reported that average weekly working hours decreased from 2006 to 2010, based on the Korean Working Conditions Survey. Methods: In the present study, we examine whether average weekly working hours continued to decrease in 2014 based on the 2014 Korean Working Conditions Survey. Results: The results show that average weekly working hours among all groups of workers decreased in 2014 relative to previous years; however, self-employed individuals and employers (who are not covered by the new legislation) in the specific service sectors worked > 60 h/wk in 2014. Conclusion: The Korean government should prohibit employees from working excessive hours and should also attempt to achieve social and public consensus regarding work time reduction to improve the safety, health, and quality-of-life of all citizens, including those who are employers and self-employed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.562-564
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• 2022

Since the outbreak of COVID-19, a new consumption trend is being formed due to changes in the consumption habits and leisure life of citizens. Accordingly, the self-employed are experiencing a lot of confusion, and the self-employed who fail to respond sensitively to changes are forced to close their businesses. Therefore, this study analyzes changes in people's consumption habits and leisure life using public data, and based on this, suggests a way for the self-employed to predict consumers' consumption propensity and respond quickly.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.173-183
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• 2023

Recently, local governments that provide mobile-based public delivery app services have been increasing a lot. The purpose of this study is to analyze whether the restaurant self-employed's public delivery app selection attributes and public institutions' perception of support, which are under economic pressure due to the high delivery fee burden of private delivery apps, affect the intention to use public delivery app services. In this study, the degree of perception of each factor was measured using the Likert 5-point scale, and it was verified through statistical analysis using SPSS. The effect of the selection attribute of public delivery apps and the perception of self-employed people in the restaurant industry on the intention to use the service was empirically analyzed, and the hypothesis was verified using regression analysis. As a result of this study, it was confirmed that convenience, economy, and public interest had a significant effect among the factors of public app selection attributes, and educational support had a significant effect on public institution support.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.246-249
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• 2006

We fabricated self-assembled monolayers(SAMs) onto quartz crystal microbalance(QCM) using viologen, which has been widely used as electron acceptor and electron transfer mediator. We determined the time dependence on resonant frequency shift during self-assembly process and observed the morphology of self-assembled monolayers by STM and investigated the electrochemical behavior of SAMs by cyclic voltammetry. Electrochemical deposition of viologen was investigated using electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance(EQCM). The redox reactions of viologen were highly reversible and the EQCM has been employed to monitor the electrochemically induced adsorption of SAMs during the redok reactions. The total frequency change was about 9.5 Hz, and 7.1 Hz. From the data, we could know the mass change was about 10.16 ng and 7.60 ng, respectively. Finally, the EQCM has been employed to monitor the electrochemically induced adsorption of self-assembled monolayers on Au surfaces.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.43
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• pp.169-186
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• 1999

The objectives of the present study were to investigate the relationship between self-concept and clothing buying pattern in accordence with their self-concept. The method employed to conduct this study was normative-descriptive survey using questionnaires. Subjects were 438 high school girls in Seoul and the survery was implemented from the begining of May 1998 to the end of June 1998. The questionnaires were completed by students during class. Mean Standard Deviation Chi-Squeare and t-test were employed to analize the data gathered. The results are summarzed as follows: (1) The group who has the higher score in total positive self, self identity self satisfacton self behavior physcial self moral ethical self personal self and family self cares more about economical efficiency of clothing than the group who has the lower score. (2) The group who has the higher score in total positive self, self satisfaction personal self and family self attachs greater importance to the practical use of clothing than those who scored lower with in said categories of self concept. (3) The group who has the higher total positive self score cares originality more than the group who has the lower score when they purchase outdoor garment. (4) The group who has the lower social self score cares modesty and ostentation more than the group who scored higher in social self. (5) The group who has the higher score in positive self behavior personal self and family self cares about convenence in care and maintenance of the clothing than the group has the lower score. (6) Friends buying and use experiences of herself and the observation of other's attire are the main source of fashion information for the present Korean high school girls. The group who has the higher score in total positive self personal self family self, self identity self satisfactio self behavior used their own experiences more often as a source of fashion information than those who scored lower with in said categories of self concept. The group who has the higher score of total positive self personal self family self, self identity self satisfaction self behavior uses family members more often as a source of fashion information than those who scored lower with in said categories of self concept. The group who has the higher score in self identity and self behavior uses store displays more often than the group who scored lower. (7) Bonded processing goods stores or fancy goods shops(haberdashery) located in trendy shopping district discount stores and outlet stores of the famous manufactures are main places where Korean high school girls buy their outdoor garments. The group who has the higher score in social self, self identity and personal self uses department stores more often and rerely shops at bonded processing goods stores of fancy goods shops located in thendy shopping district compared to those who scored lower with in said categories of self concept.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.281-296
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• 2009

This study examines the job and life satisfactions of the self-employed. It uses the Korean Labour and Income Panel Study(KLIPS, hereafter) data for 1998 and 2004. We examine the phases of satisfaction and what variables influence satisfaction for both years and compare the results in order to see what changed between the two regimes. We make use of k-means clustering to divide self-employed into similar degrees of satisfaction. As a result, we are able to classify the self-employed into three groups(low, medium and high) both for the two regimes. High groups consists of relatively younger, well-educated, low working dates, higher proportion of woman than other groups. As a result of regression analysis, we have some evidence that women are more satisfied than men for job satisfaction and that the existence of income is more important than the amount of income for life satisfaction. The age, education, satisfaction for working place, and health are significant to both satisfactions.

• Proceedings of the Polymer Society of Korea Conference
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.309-309
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• 2006

Latest developments on hybrid nanostructured materials fabricated by applying self-assembly strategies on organic/inorganic nanotemplates are discussed. Within this frame, numerous functional nanomaterials including arrays of composite metal/semiconductor nanoparticles, planar waveguides and functional multilayer thin films are generated using self-assembled polymers as templates or building blocks. In particular, surface plasmon resonance based optical sensing is employed to investigate nanofabrication processes occurring in nanoscale dimention. We also suggest unprecedented pathways to hybrid supramolecular multilayer nanoarchitectures in 1D or 2D geometry via layer-by-layer self-assembly.