• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.11
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• pp.637-645
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• 2020

A free-market economic system supported by the progress of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 has given birth to a sharing economy with a disruptive business model. In many ways, this business model is more effective, efficient, and makes it easy for businesses and consumers. However, because disruptive innovation is not asymmetrical with the conventional business that sustains innovation, several regulatory issues arise because it is fundamentally very different and cannot be regulated by standard law. Disruptive innovation may create chaos if it is regulated by norms that are used to regulate conventional business. This research was conducted with a normative method, which examines various theories, principles, laws and regulations to get justification for how the law should govern. The findings of this study are: competition law must be designed pragmatically so that it can keep pace with changes in business models that are rapidly changing. For this reason, it is necessary to shift regulatory authority from the Government to business people to make self-regulation, as a rule, that was born from the agreement of the business actors themselves. Self-regulation is considered more effective in maintaining fair competition, so that the market will be more dynamic, and consumers will be more prosperous.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.67 no.2
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• pp.155-163
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• 2018

The Early-age construction loading and changing properties of concrete, especially in the multi-story structures can affect the slab deflection, significantly. Based on previously conducted experiment on eight simply-supported one-way slabs this paper investigates the effect of concrete type, fiber type and content, loading value, cracking moment, ultimate moment and applied moment on the instantaneous deflection of Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) slabs. Two distinct loading levels equal to 30% and 40% of the ultimate capacity of the slab section were applied on the slabs at the age of 14 days. A wide range of the existing models of the effective moment of inertia which are mainly developed for conventional concrete elements, were investigated. Comparison of the experimental deflection values with predictions of the existing models shows considerable differences between the recorded and estimated instantaneous deflection of SCC slabs. Calculated elastic deflection of slabs at the ages of 14 and 28 days were also compared with the experimental deflection of slabs. Based on sensitivity analysis of the effective parameters, a new model is proposed and verified to predict the effective moment of inertia in SCC slabs with and without fiber reinforcing under two different loading levels at the age of 14 days.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.491-498
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• 2011

Purpose: Recently as couples have only one or two children, they concern about their children's optimal health. Furthermore, as the basic principles of Korean traditional prenatal education (Taegyo) are supported by scientific evidence, and as increasing numbers of pregnant women are recognizing Taegyo refresh, the practice of Taegyo is growing. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors associated with the practice of Taegyo among pregnant Korean women. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, survey study of 228 pregnant women recruited at a health center in South Korea using a convenience sampling method. The instruments included the perception of Taegyo scale, the spouse's support scale, the self-confidence for infant care scale, and the practice of Taegyo scale. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analyses. Results: The results of the stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that the following factors accounted for 26.5% of the variance in the practice of Taegyo: the perception of Taegyo, family income. Conclusion: Consequently, this result showed that the pregnant women were influenced by family income, spouses' support as requisite factors, and also they developed the level of self-confidence for infant care and the perception of Taegyo as self-care agency for the practice of Taegyo. The present study findings will add to the accumulated knowledge of health care professionals about the cultural factors involved in the practice of Taegyo and the traditional cultural beliefs and culture-specific health promoting behaviors of ethnic minority pregnant women to provide culturally competent care for them.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.80-85
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• 2021

In this study, we developed an evaporation-driven self-assembly coating method for an ceramic intermediate layer on an ultrapermeable ��-Al2O3 support with large pore size of ~1.5 ㎛. The method led to the formation of a ceramic intermediate layer with higher surface homogeneity and less surface roughness than the conventional dip-coating method. A mesoporous ��-Al2O3 layer was deposited on the support to evaluate support quality. A supported ��-Al2O3 membrane was defect-free even without repeated coating. Furthermore, the membrane showed 2.3 times higher nitrogen permeance than one prepared on a macroporous support with pore size range of 100~200 nm, which is widely used for ceramic membrane coating.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.211-217
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• 2006

Diphenyl amine (DPA) was polymerized inside the channels of the mesoporous silica (MCM-41). MCM-41 (C) and MCM-41 (D) were prepared with cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (DTAB), respectively and used as hosts. Initially, the self assembly of DPA inside the pores of MCM-41 was made in ${\beta}$-naphthalene sulfonic acid (NSA) medium and subsequently poly (diphenylamine), PDPA was formed by oxidative polymerization. $N_2$ adsorption-desorption measurements of PDPA loaded MCM-41 (C) and MCM-41 (D) show variations in pore volume and surface area between them. A tubular form of poly (diphenylamine), PDPA was envisaged to form in the pores of MCM-41 and supported by high resolution transmission microscopy. The presence of PDPA inside the channel of MCM-41 was further confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.614-626
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• 1997

The main purposes of the study were to develop and test a model which explains the dynamic relationship among factors reported as affecting to the quality of life of individuals with rheumatoid arthritis and to examine the relationship between self-help response and quaility of life. Data for the study were collected from March 1996 to December 1996 from 153 female patients who regularly visited a clinic for people with rheumatism. The patients were introduced to the investigators by nurses who worked at that clinic, and then the investigator interviewed the patients for 30 to 40 minutes to collect the data. Instruments used in the study were modified self-report questionaires from the ones which were already developed in previous studies or from related literature. Data analysis were performed using LISREL(Lineal Structural Relations) 8 program to test whether the proposed hypothesized model fit the collected data. To test the fitablity of the hypothesized model both a general fit measure and a detailed fit measure were used. Based on the test results from the various fit measures, the hypothesized model was found to be well suited to the real data. As characteristics related to illness becomes severe, the feasibility for these characteristics leading to the perception of uncertainty about the illness tend to increase, but, the direct effects from the illness characteristics(such as level of physical symptoms, sense of social-psychologic change, limitations of action) as they are related to the other intrinsic variables (self-efficacy or self-help behavior and quality of life), were found to be not significant. It was found that uncertainty had a direct effect on self-efficacy but did not have a direct effect on self-help behavior or quality of life. Also, it is noted that self-efficacy had a positive effect on self-help behavior and quality of life and there was a bilateral relationship between self-efficacy and self-help behavior. Lastly, the hypothesis proposed from the theoretical model in this study was supported basis of the results that self-help behavior provides both direct and positive effects to quality of life. Particularity, since a bilateral relationship was also found between self-help behavior and quality of life in the modified model, as self-help behavior increased, so did quality of life. And, reversely, as quality of life increased, so did self-help behavior. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that focusing on both acquirement and reinforcement of adjustment factors or self-help behavior is more efficient than focusing on the characteristics of illness in establishing the stategies for improving quality of life of individuals with rheumatoid arthritis.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.891-902
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• 2021

This study is an experimental study to confirm the effect of self-care program on exercise performance self-efficacy, Knowledge of self-management and Performance of self-management in patients with lumbar disc removal. The subjects were 26 inpatients in the experimental group and 27 in the control group as inpatients at the D City Material Spine Hospital. The collected material was analyzed using the SPSS 25.0 program with mean, percentage, standard deviation, t-test, x²-test, Independent t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA. Hypothesis that after self-care program mediation, the experimental group had higher scores for orthosis management knowledge (p<.001) and daily life management knowledge (p=.005) as time passed compared to the unprovided control group. The hypothesis is that the experimental group provided with the self-care program has a performance of orthosis management(p=.011), higher degree of orthosis management performance (p=.011) and daily life management performance (p=.007) than the non-provided control group. Was supported. There, it was confirmed that it is an effective self-care program that can be easily applied at home to patients with lumbar disc removal from the day before surgery to after discharge.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.580-594
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• 2021

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact on self-reliance and satisfaction of participants participating in the self-sufficiency business program of the Ulsan Metropolitan Regional Self-Sufficiency Center. A self-filled questionnaire was surveyed on self-sufficiency participants in five Borough and Country in Ulsan for 4 weeks from September 1 to 30, 2020, and final 233 copies were used in the actual analysis. As a result of the study, first, the percentage of positive responses of the participants was found to be good at 71.7%, for questions on the degree of support to the government, local governments, and administrative welfare centers. Second, in response to a system or service that would like to be supported or needed in the future, support for living expenses and support for health and medical expenses appeared and as a result of gender difference analysis, it was confirmed that there was a significant difference between support for children's education expenses and support for housing funds. Among the factors of the participant's psychological self-reliance(self-control, confidence, and willingness to work), the factor of self-control was the most significant factor, followed by confidence and willingness to work. Overall satisfaction with work was the highest among 9 satisfaction items such as salary and working hours.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.5-13
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• 2007

Objectives : Depression disturbs the individual life from the loss of productivity to suicide. Furthermore the whole society is also influenced by depression in social and economic areas. Many scientific treatment methods are known to be effective in depression. But in reality more than half of patients with depression prefer self help treatment rather than medically based treatment. For the patients with mild depression and primary physicians, it is reasonable to provide the evidence based self care including self help or alternative treatment. This study is supported by the Korean Health 21 R&D Project for the Depression Center to establish the Korean treatment guideline for depression. Methods : The members of Depression Center including the authors attended the workshops where the methods of evidence based medicine such as literature search, quality evaluation of the articles, making the level of evidence were educated. The professional librarians helped the authors for get the searched articles. Among the total of 354 abstracts of systemic review and 300 abstracts of random controlled trials, 3 systemic reviews and 2 random controlled trials were the main structure of evaluation. Result : Among the 37 self care methods known to be effective for depression, 11 kinds of methods were worth of evaluation. The first step for the self care of mild depression is to use St. John's wort, exercise, bibliotherapy, and light therapy in depression during winter season. Acupuncture, negative ion therapy, massage, relaxation technique are known to be efective with evidence. Music therapy, hypnotherapy, and aromatherapy are known to be effective but until now the evidences is insufficient and further evaluations are needed. Conclusion : Among 11 listed self-care methods, several methods need more evidence especially in Korean situation. Exercise is the most recommendable evidence based self care method in Korea nowadays. St. John's wort is effective with evidence, but it is not the OTC drug in Korea, so it is not recommendable now. For the bibliotherapy, there is no book such as "Feeling Good" in Korea. Only the introductory book about depression is available. Publishing the self help book based upon cognitive behavioral approach or psychodynamic approach is needed. Light therapy is practiced in a few clinics, but not self-help style. Exposure to the sunlight is recommended in the level of commen sense. These self care methods are for the mild patient. Moderate to severe patients with depression should seek the professional treatment.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.40-47
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of an integrated management program on climacteric symptoms and depression in middle-aged women. Methods: A nonequivalent control-group design was used. The subjects consisted of 65 middle-aged women with climacteric symptoms. The experimental group (n=33) participated in the program for six 60-min sessions. To measure the climacteric symptoms and depression level of the subjects, two self-reporting questionnaires were used. Data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics 17.0 program. Results: The women in the experimental group reported the average score of 13.80 in climacteric symptoms, 14.38 in depression. The hypothesis that the climacteric symptoms of experimental group would be reduced more than that of the control group was supported (t=3.92, p<.001): physical symptoms (t=4.04, p<.001); psychological symptoms (t=1.80, p=.077); sexual symptoms (t=2.85, p=.006). The second hypothesis that the degree of depression of the experimental group who used the integrated climacteric symptoms management program would be reduced more than that of the control group was also supported (t=2.30, p=.02). Conclusion: The integrated management program for middle-aged women with climacteric symptoms was effective in reducing their climacteric symptoms and depression level.