• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.58-62
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• 2008

Utilization of carbon sources by Bacillus cereus D324, a biological control agent, and Pythium species, which causes rice seedling disease, was studied with the objective of increasing the efficacy of biological control by providing the biological control agent with specific beneficial carbon sources. D-galactose, D-sorbitol, and D-mannitol were poor carbon sources for Pythium spp. growth but were good for B. cereus D324 growth. Growth in a growth chamber of rice seeds coated with B. cereus D324 amended with specific carbon sources, such as D-galactose and D-sorbitol, showed significantly enhanced seedling emergence compared to seeds coated only with B. cereus D324. Field trials showed that both seedling emergence and yield increased, when the above specific carbon sources were added to B. cereus D324 in seed coating formulations. This result indicated that amending seed coating formulations with specific carbon sources could significantly increase seedling emergence and yield in the field.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.15
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• pp.77-83
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• 1974

This experiment was conducted to study the effexts of seeding time and varieties on yield components, protein and oil content of soybean. Four varieties of soybean(Chung Buk Baek, Iksan, Keum doo, Chang dan Baek mok)wrere applied in this experiment and were seeded at May 15th, June 5th, and June 25th, the results obtained are as follows. 1.When the soybean was seeded at May 15th, stem height, stem diameter and number of nodes on main stem came to an end about 70days after seeding. In case that the seeding time was delayed 20 days and 40 days from May15th, respectively, the time to be almost cimpleted the growth of the characteristics was shortened 10days and 20days during ther debelopment. Among varieties, Chung Buk Beak grew faster than any other varieries. 2.When seeded at May 15th, the plants produced many pods, and had high proportion of branch pods. When seeded late, the proportion of branch pods were low. Branches had large proportion of empty pods and one grain pods, but on main stem, the proportion of two grain pods and three grain pods were more than that of branch. Among varieties, Chung Buk Baek had high proportion of two and three grain pods, Keum doo and Chang dan Baek mok had high proportion of one and two grain pods, and Iksan had high proportion of one and three grain pods. 3.Tields were less by the late seeding.The proportion if decreased yields to the yields when seeded at May 15th, that of Chung Buk Baek was decreased 6% when seeded at June 5th and 14% when seeded at June 25th, that of Ik san was decreased 9% and 17%, that of Keum doo decreased 15% and 26% and that of Chang dan Baek mik decreased 18% and 27%. 4.Protein content was highest in the plots seeded on May 15th, but oil content was highest in the plots seeded in June 25th. Among varietiesm Xhang dan Baek mok had the highest proportion of protein content and Iksan had the highest of oil content.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.330-336
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• 1999

In biological systems, the mineral that forms hard tissue is of an apatitic nature, and hydroxyapatite($Ca_5OH(PO_4)_3$: HA) is generally considered as the prototype for such a mineral. Thus, the precipitation of HA, having biological implications, has been the subject of several investigations. Crystal growth studies using HA seeds in supersaturated solutions have enhanced our understanding of the process and mechanism involved in seeded crystal growth. From these studies, it has become apparent that the precipitation rate of HA onto the seed crystals depends on the various conditions, especially on the additives. The relation between the supersaturated solution containing fluoride and the process of HA crystal growth enhances the understanding of mechanism of HA crystal growth. Until recently, the studies have been on the crystal growth of enamel minerals and synthetic HA seeds in the supersaturated solution containing 1~2 ppm fluoride. The purpose of the present investigation is to study the effect that fluoride of high concentration has on the crystal growth kinetics of HA. In order to produce the composition found in the secretory enamel fluid, experimental solutions of 1mM Ca, 3mM P, and 100mM Tris as background electrolyte were used. Then this experimental solutions were added to 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 ppm fluoride. The effect of fluoride at high concentrations on the precipitation was examined in a bench-top crystal growth model adopting a miniaturized reaction column. Chemical analysis was employed for characterization of working solutions before and after the experimentation. Remarkable findings were : 1) the amount of crystal growth was gradually accelerated as the fluoride concentration increased until 6 ppm, but decreased in 8 and 10 ppm fluoride; 2) the amount of fluoride ion consumed in crystal formation was constant despite the increase in fluoride concentration.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.223.1-223.1
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• 2003

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.8-13
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• 2016

A top-seeded solution growth (TSSG) is a method of growing SiC single crystal from the Si melt dissolved the carbon. In this study, multiphysics modeling was conducted using COMSOL Multiphysics, a commercialized finite element analysis package, to get analytic results about electromagnetic analysis, heat transfer and fluid flow in the Si melt. Experimental results showed good agreements with simulation data, which supports the validity of the simulation model. Based on the understanding about solution growth of SiC and our set-up, crystal growth was conducted on off-axis 4H-SiC seed crystal in the temperature range of $1600{\sim}1800^{\circ}C$. The grown layer showed good crystal quality confirmed with optical microscopy and high resolution X-ray diffraction, which also demonstrates the effectiveness of the multiphysics model to find a process condition of solution growth of SiC single crystal.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.1-5
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• 2003

The effect of CeO$_2$ coating on the surface nucleation of the top-seeded melt-growth processed YBCO superconductors was studied. It was effective that the coating of Y123 compact surfaces by CeO$_2$ powder suppressed the undesirable subsidiary YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-y}$ (Y123) nucleation during melt processing. BaCeO$_3$ was formed in the CeO$_2$-coated layers, which might cause a CuO-excessive liquid at the partial melt stage of $Y_2$BaCuO$_{5}$(Y211) plus liquid, and thus the Y123 nucleation at the YBCO compact surfaces could be suppressed during the melt growth of Y123 grain. In addition, the CeO$_2$ refined the Y211 particles near the compact / coating interface. While the levitation forces of the top surfaces with and without CeO$_2$ coating were similar to each other, the levitation force of the interior of the CeO$_2$ coated sample was higher than that of the interior of the sample without CeO$_2$ coating, which was attributed to the suppression of subsidiary Y123 nucleation at the compact walls.s.s.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.54-58
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• 1988

To define natural embryo growth and germination of the Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer) seed, freshly harvested and depulped seeds were seeded on nursery bed at Aug. 5 without stratification. At 100 days after seeding, embryo/endosperm length ratio of the seeds in nursery bed was higher than that of the seeds which were stratified with conventional method for 100 days. And also there was no significant difference between dehiscence ratio of the seeds in nursery bed and that from stratification with sand. The germination ratio of the ginseng seeds seeded without stratification at Aug. 5 was about 57% in average of 2 years and was not significantly lower than that of the seeds seeded after stratification at Nov. 15. And there were also no significant differencies of plant growth after germination between the ginseng seedlings from two seeding methods.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.243-243
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• 2007

We have studied the electrical properties and microstructure of $(Y_{0.5}Nd_{0.25}Sm_{0.25})Ba_2Cu_3O_y[(YNS)-123]$ Oxides by rod-type seeded melt growth process(RSMG) in air atmosphere. Rod-type $NdBa_2Cu_3O_y${Nd-123) seed crystals made a extrusion process method, were used for achieving the ab-plane alignment having large grains perpendicular to the center of (YNS)-123 samples. The observations using SEM and TEM micrographs of the melt-textured (YNS)-123 samples revealed that the nonsuperconducting $(Y_{0.5}Nd_{0.25}Sm_{0.25})Ba_2Cu_3O_y[(YNS)-211]$ inclusions are uniformly distributed in the superconducting matrix. The microstructure and electrical properties were investigated by XRD, SEM, TEM and DC SQUID magnetometer. The sample showed a sharp superconducting transition at 90 K. The magnetization values of the (YNS)-123 sample exhibited the enhanced electrical properties, compared with $YBa_2Cu_3O_y$(Y-123) sample.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.24-30
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• 1997

The influence of nutrients on the phytotoxicity of herbicides (bensulfuron-methyl, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, imazosulfuron, dimepiperate, and molinate) was investigated in controlled-environment growth chamber with direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Dongjin). The phytotoxicity of bensulfuron-methyl, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, and imazosulfuron for rice was greater in nutrient culture than in no-nutrient condition. The root growth of rice applied with these herbicides was more inhibited than the shoot growth. The most severe inhibition was obtained with pyrazosulfuron-ethyl application. The growth inhibition of rice applied by dimepiperate was increased under no-nutrient culture condition. Dimepiperate suppressed more remarkably shoot growth than root. Especially the shoot elongation was much more inhibited than the others. The shoot growth inhibition in rice applied by molinate was severer than the root. The shoot growth was reduced under nutrient culture condition, while the root growth was reduced under no-nutrient culture.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.560-574
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• 1997

The present study was undertaken to investigate the crystal growth onto human enamel mineral and synthetic hydroxyapatite(HA) seeds in media resembling the enamel fluid composition. Effects of fluoride at high concentrations on the precipitation were also examined in a bench-top crystal growth model adopting a miniaturized reaction column. The Ca, P and F concentrations and pH values of the inlet and outlet solutions were determined. The recovered solid samples were weighed to assess the amount of minerals precipitated during the experimental period, and finally viewed under a scanning electron microscope. Remarkable findings were that 1) both biological and synthetic seeds with the same total surface areas yielded similar amounts of crystal growth, 2) the amount of crystal growth was accelerated in a manner depending on fluoride concentrations in the media, 3) SEM observations disclosed that without the addition of fluoride, precipitation of thin, plate-like OCP crystals became prominent, but by increasing the fluoride concentration(beyond 1ppm F), rod-like crystals having a pointed edge were most frequently observed, without any evidence for precipitation of the plate-like crystals. Furthermore, the dimension of rod-like crystals was increased in proportion to fluoride concentrations, 4) there was no difference in the morphological feature of precipitated mineral phase upon seeding between human enamel seed and synthetic HA seed. The overall results support the view that the seeded crystal growth model is of value to gain insight into the mechanism of enamel crystal growth under fluoride regimens.