• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.151-154
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• 2008

Information on the area and spatial distribution of crop fields is needed for biomass production, arrangement of water resources, trace gas emission estimates, and food security. The present study aims to monitor crops status during the growing season by estimating its aboveground biomass and leaf area index (LAI) from field reflectance taken with a hand-held radiometer. Field reflectance values were collected over specific spectral bandwidths using a handheld radiometer(LI-1800). A methodology is described to use spectral reflectance as indicators of the vegetative status in crop cultures. Two vegetation indices were derived from these spectral measurements. In this paper, first we analyze each spectral reflectance characteristics of vegetation in the order of growth stage. Vegetation indices (NDVI, GNDVI) were calculated from crop reflectance. And assess the nature of relationships between LAI and VI, as measured by the in situ NDVI and GNDVI. Among the two VI, NDVI showed predictive ability across a wider range of LAI than did GNDVI. Specific objectives were to determine the relative accuracy of these two vegetation indices for predicting LAI. The results of this study indicated that the NDVI and GNDVI could potentially be applied to monitor crop agriculture on a timely and frequent basis.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.153-171
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• 2022

To measure economic performance, customer satisfaction indices are constructed. This study proposes an index for banking and telecom, a significant evaluative system for comparing and enhancing customer satisfaction across the industries. The study suggests and examines amendments and improvements to the prior indices and incorporates ignored indicators to propose a punier index for Pakistan. The study is a pioneer in integrating online and offline indices into a single comprehensive model. The study is enriched by the Theory of Reasoned Action and Technological Acceptance Model. A sample of 320 respondents was used. The sample was divided based on gender and marital status. To authenticate the theoretical model, PLS-SEM was applied. We discovered nine latent variables that define customer satisfaction and conclude that a single model can be utilized for e-commerce enterprises as well. The index scores are comparable to the American index for banking and the Turkish index for telecom. Multi-group analysis (MGA) was used to comprehend the differences among the groups. This reveals that customization, design, reliability, and responsiveness induce satisfaction in telecom male and married customers. For the banking industry, the difference exists in complaint handling, customization, corporate image, perceived price, reliability, responsiveness, sentiments, convenience, and security to satisfaction links, image and complaint handling to loyalty links.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.07a
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• pp.136-139
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• 2005

On-line dynamic security assessment is becoming more and more important for the stable operation of power systems as load level increases. The necessity is getting apparent under Electricity Market environments due to more various operating conditions. Fast transient stability analysis tool is required for contingency selection. The TEF(Transient Energy Function) method is a good candidate for this purpose. The clustering of critical generators is crucial for the precise and fast calculation of energy margin. In this paper, we propose a new method for fast decision of mode of instability by using stability indices. Case study shows very promising results.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.6 no.11
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• pp.2866-2879
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• 2012

Among the various security threats in online games, the use of game bots is the most serious problem. Previous studies on game bot detection have proposed many methods to find out discriminable behaviors of bots from humans based on the fact that a bot's playing pattern is different from that of a human. In this paper, we look at the chatting data that reflects gamers' communication patterns and propose a communication pattern analysis framework for online game bot detection. In massive multi-user online role playing games (MMORPGs), game bots use chatting message in a different way from normal users. We derive four features; a network feature, a descriptive feature, a diversity feature and a text feature. To measure the diversity of communication patterns, we propose lightly summarized indices, which are computationally inexpensive and intuitive. For text features, we derive lexical, syntactic and semantic features from chatting contents using text mining techniques. To build the learning model for game bot detection, we test and compare three classification models: the random forest, logistic regression and lazy learning. We apply the proposed framework to AION operated by NCsoft, a leading online game company in Korea. As a result of our experiments, we found that the random forest outperforms the logistic regression and lazy learning. The model that employs the entire feature sets gives the highest performance with a precision value of 0.893 and a recall value of 0.965.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.169-176
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• 2020

With widespread use of information technologies the importance of information security has been heightened. Security policies which deal with fundamental direction of information security are critical elements of information security management. Numerous studies have been conducted on users' intention to comply security policies. They were based on various theoretical foundations and the theory of planned behavior(TPB) was the most frequently used. This research employed one of the quantitatively synthesizing meta-analytic techniques called Two-Stage Structural Equation Modeling to investigate factors influencing information security policy compliance behavior based on TPB. Analysis results indicated that all three factors of TPB were significantly influencing the behavioral intention. Moreover, the overall fit indices of structural model exhibited satisfactory level.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.167-169
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• 2006

Systematic studies on the dispatch scheduling algorithm and related constraints can enhance the effectiveness of electricity market operation. Moreover the introduction of competition in electricity market emphasizes various decision-marking matters connected to dispatch scheduling procedure. Because these affect the market participants' profit, the dispatch scheduling procedure should be reasonable. In this paper, we propose a constrained Pre-dispatch algorithm with considered security using sensitivity indices.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.12
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• pp.647-655
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• 2020

This study introduced income mobility analysis using pseudo-longitudinal panel data from Family Income and Expenditure Survey (FIES) to consider the dynamic process of individual's well-being through time. Since there is no comprehensive measurement of income mobility because of its dynamic process, various income mobility indices such as Chi-square, Average Jump Index, Atkinson et al. Mobility Ratio, and Shorrocks' Mobility Index were used. These indices revealed that Filipino households' income movements are more mobile than expected, and their income status improved from 2000 to 2015. As income mobility takes place, income inequality is reduced by 91.80 percent (91.80%). Furthermore, the growth effect is the main factor of income mobility. This indicates that households took the economic opportunities from economic growth to earn more. However, income mobility due to transfer effect (transfer of income from one household to another through lottery winning and borrowing) increased when the economy is not good. The higher income mobility due to growth effect compared to transfer effect, whether the economy is good or bad, means that households learned how to use their income in savings, investments, and entrepreneurship. This is the result of a successful financial literacy program of the government wherein households realized financial stability and security.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.2599-2613
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• 2015

Multi-index hashing (MIH) is the state-of-the-art method for indexing binary codes, as it di-vides long codes into substrings and builds multiple hash tables. However, MIH is based on the dataset codes uniform distribution assumption, and will lose efficiency in dealing with non-uniformly distributed codes. Besides, there are lots of results sharing the same Hamming distance to a query, which makes the distance measure ambiguous. In this paper, we propose a data-oriented multi-index hashing method (DOMIH). We first compute the covariance ma-trix of bits and learn adaptive projection vector for each binary substring. Instead of using substrings as direct indices into hash tables, we project them with corresponding projection vectors to generate new indices. With adaptive projection, the indices in each hash table are near uniformly distributed. Then with covariance matrix, we propose a ranking method for the binary codes. By assigning different bit-level weights to different bits, the returned bina-ry codes are ranked at a finer-grained binary code level. Experiments conducted on reference large scale datasets show that compared to MIH the time performance of DOMIH can be improved by 36.9%-87.4%, and the search accuracy can be improved by 22.2%. To pinpoint the potential of DOMIH, we further use near-duplicate image retrieval as examples to show the applications and the good performance of our method.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.157-174
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• 2006

In the past, because Korean private venture capital firms could get government support and subsidies, they could be survived in the market without having required management capabilities, advanced venture investment techniques, and professional supporting agencies and institutions. However, business environments have changed a lot recently. Now, only through identifying the optimal financial structures(the ratio of debt to equity), Korean private venture capital firms can minimize investment risks and ensure higher profits. Since Modigliani and Miller(1958) criticized the existence of the optimal financial structure, there have been numerous studies on the optimal financial structure of firms. However, there is no empirical study investigating the financial structure of venture capital firms. The purpose of this article is to analyze the relationship between firm characteristics, financial security indies, and financial profit indices of korean private venture capital firms. We gathered the data from various sources, including the web pages and the financial statements for 2003 and 2004. By using the student's t-test and the correlation analysis, we showed that there are differences in the current ratio and the ratio of net profit to net sales between new and old korean private venture capital firms. Even though it is known that korean private venture capital firms does not have enough knowledge and investment technique to compete with global venture capital firms, our result show that old korean private venture capital firms have already built some knowledge and understanding of venture capital investing.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.141-147
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• 2016

The fire fighting and safety research development program supported by Ministry of Public Safety and Security is composed of fire prevention and alert technology research, special disaster response technology research, and rescue and disaster-field response safety technology research. The principal accomplishment indices of this research program are (1) patent submitting or registration; (2) field test, ensuring performance criteria for commercialization, development of prototype, registration of software, royalty of technology-transfer; (3) the task to be carried out in a published research paper, and number of applied policies; and (4) the study period of task performance of employment and incubated high-technology manpower. Therefore, this study analyzed the performance result of a patent, research paper, and software registration of the fire-fighting and safety R&D program supported by Ministry of Public Safety and Security from 2012 to 2014.