• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2003

Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare disorder accounting for 0.5% to 5% of parathyroid neoplasia. Diagnosis of parathyroid carcinoma in fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is difficult because ail characteristic features of parathyroid carcinoma can be recognized in parathyroid adenoma or hyperplasia. Cellular atypism cannot be used for the diagnostic criteria of parathyroid carcinoma as malignancies of most other organs. We experienced two cases of cytologic features of parathyroid carcinoma confirmed by histologic examination. The majority of tumor cells formed large cohesive clusters, although individual tumor cells were also present. The tumor cells displayed rather pleomorphic round to oval nuclei, occasional prominent nucleoli, and distinct cytoplasmic margin. Occasionally karyolysis, anuclear cells, and nonepithelial cell clusters were noted. The histologic findings showed a partially lobulated architecture, with admixture of sheets of chief cells, oxyphil cells, and occasional water clear cells. The tumor infiltrated into the thyroid parenchyme and perithyroidal soft tissue. The electron microscopic study of case 1 disclosed typical findings of parathyroid neoplasm; clusters of secretory chief cells with centrally located round to ovoid nuclei, moderately clumped heterochromatins and one or two nucleoli. The tumor cells showed conspicous interdigitation of contiguous ceil membrane and intercellular microvilli.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.74-79
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• 2016

A 7-year-old female Pointer dog with multiple masses in the axilla, mammary gland, and bladder was submitted to the Pathology Department of the College of Veterinary Medicine in the Jeju National University. Grossly, mass between right axilla and 1st mammary gland, $15{\times}10cm$ in size, was well delineated and firm, slightly soft center, oval shape. And masses in right 1st, 3rd and 5th mammary gland were well delineated and sulphur yellow in color on the cut-surface. Numerous round to oval shaped masses, 0.3 to 2 cm in diameter were existed in the lung. Urinary bladder mucosa had rough and thick and round to oval papillary masses, 0.1 to 2 cm in diameter, on surface. Microscopically, masses in right axilla, 1st mammary gland, lung and axillary lymph node were composed of poorly differentiated tubules originated from apocrine gland. Lining neoplastic epithelium showed high mitotic figures, typical apical secretory blebs, and PAS-positive diastase-resistant cytoplasmic granules. Masses in 3rd and 5th mammary gland were confirmed as mammary complex adenoma and simple adenoma respectively. The masses in the urinary bladder were covered with stratified transitional epithelium with marked cellular atypia and high mitotic figures. Some neoplastic cells showed focal invasion into substantia propria of bladder. Immunohistochemaically, neoplastic transitional epithelium demonstrated positive reactions for cytokeratin 7, AE1/AE3, and MNF116. Based on the gross, histopathologic and immunohistochemical characteristics, this dog was diagnosed as apocrine carcinoma, mammary gland tumor including simple adenoma and complex adenoma and bladder transitional cell carcinoma. And distant metastases of apocrine carcinoma in right axilla were observed in axillary lymph node and lungs. This is the first report for concurrent occurrence of apocrine carcinoma, mammary gland tumor, and transitional cell carcinoma in a same dog.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.4971-4975
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• 2015

Background: Several methods have been presented for the evaluation of the endometrium in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding, which include minimal invasive and invasive approaches such as diagnostic curettage or endometrial biopsy by Pipelle. Many studies have been performed in order to compare two methods; diagnostic curettage and outpatient endometrial biopsy. This investigation compared sampling adequacy, endometrial histopathology, failure rates, duration and costs between diagnostic curettage in a hospital and endometrial biopsy. Materials and Methods: This single blind clinical trial was performed on 130 patients older than 35 years who was referred to Amir training hospital in 2013 for elective diagnostic curettage because of abnormal uterine bleeding. For all patients eligible for the study, an endometrial sample by Pipelle was taken without anesthesia or dilatation. Then under general anesthesia diagnostic curettage was performed by sharp curette. Sampling duration was calculated and both samples were sent to the same pathologist. The diagnostic values of two methods in the diagnosis of normal endometrium, endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma were compared. The costs of these two methods were also compared. Data analysis was performed by SPSS (version 16.0) software. Chi-Square, Fisher, and Pearson tests were used and were considered statistically significant at P values less than 0.05. Results: Two methods were agreed upon 88% of sampling adequacy and 94% of pathological results. Specificity of 100% and sensitivity of 90% for detection of proliferative endometrium, secretory endometrium, simple hyperplasia without atypia and 100% for cancer were recorded. Pipelle diagnostic accuracy in comparison with curettage, have been reported over 97%, so the failure rate in this study was below 5%. Sensitivity of Pipelle for detection of atrophic endometrium was reported below 50%. Duration and cost was lower in Pipelle versus curettage. Conclusions: It is concluded that due to high agreement and cohesion coefficient between curettage and Pipelle on the issue of sampling adequacy, histopathology finding (except atrophic endometrium), low failure rate, duration of sampling and cost, Pipelle can be introduced as a suitable alternative of diagnostic curettage.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.153-163
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• 2005

This experiment was performed to evaluate the morphological responses of the gastric chief cells of the mouse, inoculated with Ehrlich carcinoma cells in the inguinal area, following administration of BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guerin). Healthy adult ICR mice weighing 25 gm each were divided into normal and experimental groups (experimental control group and BCG treated group). In the experimental groups, each mouse was inoculated with $1x10^7$ Ehrlich carcinoma cells subcutaneously in the inguinal area. From next day after inoculations, 0.2 mL of saline or BCG (0.5 mL/25 g B.W.: $0.03{\times}10^8{\sim}0.32{\times}10^8$ CFU) were injected subcutaneously to the animals every other day, respectively. The day following the last injection, each mouse was sacrificed. Pieces of the tissue were taken from the stomach, prefixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde-1.5% paraformaldehyde solution, followed by post-fixation with 1% osmium tetroxide solution. The ultrathin sections were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate. The size of zymogen granule and the size of the mitochondrion of the gastric chief cells were observed and calculated. In the BCG treated group, most chief cells did not show any difference in ultrastructure, except that myelin figures were more frequently observed, in comparison with that of nornmal control group. The size of zymogen granule in the gastric chief cells of normal control, experimental control and BCG-treated groups were $0.98({\pm}0.108){\mu}m,\;1.05({\pm}0.092){\mu}m\;and\;0.93({\pm}0.053){\mu}m$, respectively. And the mitochondrial size of the gastric chief cells of normal control, experimental control and BCG-treated groups were $0.80({\pm}0.130){\mu}m,\;0.83({\pm}0.143){\mu}m\;and\;0.72({\pm}0.078){\mu}m$, respectively. From the above results, it was concluded that BCG may slightly suppress function of the gastric chief cells.