• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.242-245
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• 2013

Impacted mandibular third molars are located between the second mandibular molar and mandibular ramus. However, ectopic mandibular third molars with heterotopic positions are reported in the subcondylar or pterygomandibular space. The usual cause of malposition is a cyst or tumor, and malposition without a pathology is rare. This case report described an impacted mandibular third molar in the pterygomandibular space without any associated pathology.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.268-277
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• 2020

This case report demonstrates two different uprighting mechanics separately applied to mesially tipped mandibular first and second molars. The biomechanical considerations for application of these mechanisms are also discussed. For repositioning of the first molar, which was severely tipped and deeply impacted, a novel cantilever mechanics was used. The molar tube was bonded in the buccolingual direction to facilitate insertion of a cantilever from the buccal side. By twisting the distal end of the cantilever, sufficient uprighting moment was generated. The mesial end of the cantilever was hooked over the miniscrew placed between the canine and first premolar, which could prevent exertion of an intrusive force to the anterior portion of the dentition as a side effect. For repositioning of the second molar, an uprighting mechanics using a compression force with two step bends incorporated into a nickel-titanium archwire was employed. This generated an uprighting moment as well as a distal force acting on the tipped second molar to regain the lost space for the first molar and bring it into its normal position. This epoch-making uprighting mechanics could also minimize the extrusion of the molar, thereby preventing occlusal interference by increasing interocclusal clearance between the inferiorly placed two step bends and the antagonist tooth. Consequently, the two step bends could help prevent occlusal interference. After 2 years and 11 months of active treatment, a desirable Class I occlusion was successfully achieved without permanent tooth extraction.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2009

Extracellular matrix(ECM) is known to function as a reservoir of endogenous growth factors, can be an effective delivery system of growth factor that easily lost bioactivity in solution. Fibrillar collagens like type I collagen, are the major constituent of the ECM and structural protein of bone. Also, it can be a scaffold for osteoblast migration. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of absorbable Atelo-collagen Sponge($Teruplug^{(R)}$) insertion in tooth extraction sites on periodontal healing of the mandibular second molar after the extraction of the impacted third molar. The study population comprised 31 cases who had been scheduled for surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars. All patients were in good general health and were not using any medication that would influence wound healing after surgery. In 15 cases control group, none was inserted into the tooth extraction site. In 16 cases experimental groups, $Teruplug^{(R)}$ was inserted into the tooth extraction site. We evaluated tooth mobility, pocket depth, gingival margin level preoperatively and 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 3 months postoperatively. The change was compared with two groups using Mann-Whitney test. The results were as follows. 1. There was no significant change of tooth mobility on both groups. 2. There was tendency of decreasing of previous pocket depth causing tooth extraction on both groups. 3. On gingival margin level, there was various change according to initial swelling and loss of attachment on both groups. 4. There was tendency of decreasing of gingival margin level on both groups because of removal of inflammation and decreasing of previous pocket depth. 5. There was large change of pocket depth on buccal middle, distal, lingual distal area because of tooth extraction and bone reduction. Compared with the control group and experimental group, we observed significant difference during some periods. The results of this study suggest that absorbable atelo-collagen sponge($Teruplug^{(R)}$) is relatively favorable bone void filler with prevention of tissue collapse, food packing and enhance periodontal healing.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.182-195
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• 2005

본 연구의 목적은 성장기 el급 부정교합 환자에서 상악 제2대구치를 발거하고 치료한 증례와 비발거로 치료한 증례 중 비교적 양호한 결과를 얻은 증례들을 후향적으로 관찰하여 두 군간의 치료 전 측모 두부방사선 사진 상에서 골격성 치성, 연조직 특성을 비교하고자 하였다. II급 구치 및 견치관계를 보이고 7mm 이하의 수평피개. 중등도 이하의 총생을 갖는 51명의 환자를 18명의 상악 제2대구치 발거 치료군과 33명의 비발거 치료군으로 분류하여 비교하였다. 두 군간의 비교는 t-검정법으로 시행하였고 판별분석을 통해 두 군을 판별해 주는 주요 항목들을 알아보았으며 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 골격성 특성 중, 전후방적인 계측 항목에서는 유의성 있는 차이를 보이는 항목은 없었으며 $AB-MP(^{\circ)$ $Na-Me(^{\circ})$, AVD (anterior vertical dimension, mm) 와 같은 수직적 계측 항목에서만 유의성 있는 차이를 보였다 (p<0.05). 치성 특성 중에서는 상하악 제1대구치의 위치 및 경사도와 관련된 항목 및 상악 제3대구치의 경사도에서 유의성 있는 차이를 보였으며 특히 발거군에서 상악 제1대구치의 교합평면 및 FH 평면에 대한 근심경사도가 더 컸다. 두 군 간에 유의성 있는 차이를 보이는 계측 항목들(U8-FH$(^{\circ})$는 제외)을 이용하여 발거군과 상악 제3대구치가 양호했던 비발거 증례군에 대해 증감 판별분석을 시행하였으며 그 결과 양 군을 판별하는데 기여도가 높은 항목은 U6-VRL(mm), $AB-MP(^{\circ)$으로 나타났다. 이 두 항목으로 이루어진 판별식을 도출한 바 본 연구에 이용된 발거군과 비발거군 증례들의 $78.4\%$를 정확히 분류해 낼 수 있었다. 또한 본 연구에 사용된 모든 계측 항목들(U8-FH$(^{\circ})$는 제외)을 이용하여 발거군과 비발거군에 대해 증감 판별 분석을 시행한 결과 U8-VRL(mm). $AB-MP(^{\circ)$, 그리고 $U7-FH (^{\circ})$가 양 군을 분별하는데 유의성이 있었고 이 세 항목들을 이용한 판별식을 통해서 $89.2\%$를 정확히 분류해 낼 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.266-275
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• 2008

Purpose: This research was intended to evaluate the sedative effect of the music by measuring the anxiety-level, the pain-level, the blood pressure, and the pulse rate in patients who were going through extraction of the mandibular impacted 3rd molar. Materials and methods: Patients were selected among those who visited St. Vincent's Hospital in Suwon for the surgical extraction of 3rd molar from April to May, 2007 and were divided into two groups : the first, experimental group consisting of 32 people was going through extraction with the music and the second, control group also consisting of 32 people was going through extraction without the music. The anxiety-level was measured by filling out Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety questionnaire. The pain-level was measured by VAS (Visual analog Scale). The blood-pressure and the pulse rate were recorded at waiting period, preparation and anesthesia period, 5 minutes after anesthesia, beginning of extraction and every five minutes after extraction to the end of surgery. Results: The anxiety-level was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group during the extraction procedure (p<0.01). The pain-level was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group (p<0.05). The mean systolic blood pressure was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group at the beginnig of extraction and 10 minutes after extraction (p<0.01, p<0.05 each). The mean diastolic blood pressure was significantly lower in the experimental group than the control group at 10 minutes after extraction (p<0.01). The mean of pulse rate was significantly lower at the beginning of extraction (p<0.05). Conclusion: The music therapy could offer not only the psychological stability but also the physiological stability during the surgical extraction of impacted 3rd molar.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.174-179
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• 1990

Second derivative (D2) spectrometry using ion-pair extraction technique was development for the determination of total glycyrrhetic acid (GA) in Glycyrrhizae Radix, Glycyr-rhizin (G) obtained from Glycyrrhizae Radix was hydrolyzed into GA in 2 N-HCI and methanol (1:1) and extracted from aqueous phase in the form of an ion-pair complex with tetrapentylammonium bromide (TPA) as a counter ion. Maximum D2 amplitude (Z value) was obtained when 1000-fold or greater molar ratio of TPA was used at pH 11. Reaction an effective extraction solvent of the ion-pair complex. The linearity of standard curve of ion-pair GA was obtained in the range of 4.120 $\mu$g/ml as GA. Assayed contents of GA in dry powder by D2 UV spectrometry and HPLC method were 5.31 $\pm$ 0.04% and 5.20 $\pm$ 0.008%, respectively.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.491-495
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• 1994

The ectopic eruption is defined rise to be abnormal eruption, which gives to displacement of the teeth and abnormal root resorption of adjacent teeth. The ectopic eruption of first permanent molar is approximately 2-4% of the population, most of them are in the maxilla, rarely in the mandible. In the case of the second permanent molars, most of them are found in the mandible for the reason of the arch length discrepancies and large size of the teeth. The ectopic erupted molars should be treated early in order to coordinate normal growth pattern and to obtain good occlusal support. So, this should be early diagnosed and treated. But, ectopically erupting molars are often self-corrected, hence periodic follow-up is required. The methods of the treatment are largely classified into surgical, surgical-orthodontic, and orthodontic method. Especially in orthodontic method, they are divided as follows; appliances that is positioned at the contact point for unlocking and the distal movement, fixed and removable appliance that is connected to more than one tooth, and occlusion guiding method after disking or extraction of the second deciduous molar. The report presents the good results in treating patients, whose chief complaint was ectopic eruption of mandibular permanent molars.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.187-191
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• 2016

제2유구치의 조기상실은 제1대구치의 근심이동이나 근심경사를 야기할 수 있다. 5세 여아에서 다수의 하악 유구치 조기상실 증례를 보고하는 바이다. 환아는 계승 영구치의 소포염으로 인해 하악 좌측 제1유구치와 제2유구치의 발거가 필요하였다. 탄성의치를 이용하여 저작 기능을 회복하는 동시에 제1대구치의 맹출을 유도하였다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.275-279
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• 2007

본 연구는 하악 제3대구치의 맹출 양상이 치관주위염의 발생에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 양산시에 소재한 N치과병원에 하악 제3대구치 발거를 주소로 내원한 환자 200명을 대상으로 조사연구를 실시하였다. 하악 제3대구치의 좌 우측 분포도, 경사도, 매복정도, 하악지 전연에서의 위치, 하악 제2대구치와 제3대구치 사이의 거리는 $X^2$-test, 치관주위염 유 무와 제 변수와의 상관성은 Pearson 상관관계를 실시하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 하악 제3대구치에 대한 치관주위염의 발생은 연령과 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 2. 하악 제3대구치의 경사도에 있어서 치관주위염이 가장 호발된 군은 근심경사군이었다. 3. 하악 제3대구치의 매복정도와 치관주위염의 발생은 Level a, Level c, Level b순으로 나타났다. 4. 하악 제3대구치의 하악지 전연에서의 위치는 Class II, I, III의 순으로 치관주위염이 호발하였다. 5. 하악 제2대구치의 원심 백악법랑경계에서 하악 제3대구치의 근심 백악법랑경계까지의 거리가 좁을수록 치관주위염이 호발하였다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2001

성장기 환자에서 치아의 배열이나 입술의 외형을 개선하거나 경미한 악골 부조화에 의한 부정교합을 절충(camouflage)하기 위하여 발치가 적용될 수 있는데, 하악 치열궁에 총생의 양이 미약하거나 전치부 분절을 과도하게 후방견인 시킬 필요가 없는 경우 하악 제 2소구치 발치를 계획할 수 있다. 그러나, 성장기 환자에서 이러한 제 2소구치 발치의 기준과 치료에 의한 상, 하악 치아의 이동양상에 대한 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구는 상, 하악 소구치 발치를 통한 포괄적 교정치료를 시행한 성장기 환자를 대상으로 상악 제 1소구치와 하악 제 1 소구치를 발치한 군(4/4발치군, 14명)과 상악 제 1 소구치, 하악 제 2 소구치를 발치한 군(4/5발치군, 15명)의 치료 전, 후의 측모두부규격방사선사진을 비교하여 하악 제 2소구치 발치의 적응증에 대한 진단기준을 평가하고, 안정골 구조물을 참고한 중첩법을 이용하여 치아이동에 어떠한 차이가 있는지를 평가하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 4/4발치군과 4/5발치군은 치료 전 계측치에서 교합평면에 대한 상악전치의 치축각도, 구치부 교합관계, IMPA 그리고 interincisal angle에서 차이를 나타내었다. 2. 하악 제 1 대구치의 전방 이동량은 4/5 발치군에서 더 전방이동 되는 경향을 나타내었다(p<0.05). 3. 치료 전, 후의 상악 치아의 이동양상은 4/4 발치군과 4/5 발치군 사이에 차이가 없었다(p<0.05).