• 건축역사연구
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.25-41
• /
• 1993

This study was made to analyze the housing adjustment phenomenon in the first half of Chosun Dynasty by applying Microsociological approach. By reviewing the housing adjustment theory of Morris and Winter, research model for the period was developed in terms of socioeconomic characteristics, normative housing deficit (=cultural norm-housing condition+family norm), constraints, behavioral propensities, and housing adjustment mechanism with the following results : 1. In the first half of Chosun Dynasty the size of the house, the house site and decorating items were specified by law (cultural norm) according to the social status. Although the law was constraints for the housing phenomenon, it was not applied universally. Frequantly the law was violated by the upper class. By the middle of the Dynasty the family norm became more important for the housing phenomenon than the cultural norm. 2. Efforts were made to practice the Confucianism as a cultural norm in the first half of Chosun Dynasty At that time Husband-Living-in-Wife's-House was more popular than Wife-Living-in-Husband's-House. Because the customs were against the Confucianism, the latter was encouraged by law. But it did not change. Instead a compromised system became popular in the middle of the Dynasty. The house shrine was practiced to increase the symbolism of the family, which, in turn, exerted influences in deciding the housing site (cultural norm). These cultural norm was not accepted as the family norm untill the second half of the Dynasty. These trends forced the man and woman use separate areas of the house, and formulated a hierarchic positions within a house. 3. It was shown that the settlement of Confucianism as a family norm was closely related to the popularization of the Ondol system in the house, which functioned as one of the behavioral propensities to encourage diversity of space for many purposes. Though the Ondol system was accepted as a useful heating system earlier, this became more popular in the middle of the Dynasty because the housing pattern with Ondol fitted very well with a large family system with patriarchism. Ondol system for one or two rooms substituted Ondol for all rooms in the second half of the Dynasty. 4. From the beginning of the Dynasty housing adjustment of the family was determined by the social status and by law (cultural norm). Within this cultural norm each family decided its adjustment mechanism according to its economic ability (family norm). Family norm was more important factor than the cultural norm to determine the micro-space pattern in the house. But this period witnessed the formations of new conditions by the ruling class's efforts to implement new ethics for hierarchy and sexual discrimination. According to these conditions the Confucianism overruled the family norm in the later period.

• 사회복지연구
• /
• 제48권1호
• /
• pp.91-111
• /
• 2017

이 연구에서 19세기말-20세기 초 영국의 토인비 홀과 미국의 헐 하우스 두 인보관의 사상과 활동을 소환하는 목적은 첫째, 당시 사회복지실천이 점진적으로 형태를 갖추게 된 계기와 당초의 뜻을 찾아보는 것이다. 둘째, 개인화의 문제와 대안의 공동체 만들기가 공존하는 이 시기에 당시 '사회적 일'로 시작된 맥락과 영국과 미국의 특징적인 활동을 통해 사회복지실천의 현재 의미와 정체성에 유용한 함의를 얻고자 하였다. 이 연구는 기존 문헌들을 활용하여 서사를 고찰하되 인보관이라는 장소가 복지공간으로 구성된 당시 시대정신과 활동, 지도력을 목적과 위치, 전문성과 교육, 사회행동 차원으로 분석하며 오늘의 의미를 살리고자 하였다. 유용한 분석 결과는 첫째, 자선조직협회와 인보관은 상반되기 보다는 빈곤에의 대응책으로 '제안-실행-비판-대안의 제안-사회복지실천의 대두'가 진행된 일련의 과정 속에서 볼 필요가 있다. 둘째, 인보관은 빈곤문제를 중심으로 계층, 젠더, 개인적인 것과 사회적인 것, 민간과 공공의 개입 등 여러 현상을 담은 담지자로서 복지공간을 구성하였다. 셋째, 두 인보관은 상이점도 있지만 둘 다 공공의 선과 안녕을 목적으로 하여 사회적인 일, 즉 사회복지실천을 구체화시켰다. 끝으로, 인보관의 복지공간으로서의 의의와 사회복지실천을 위한 함의를 논의하였다.

• 복식
• /
• 제65권3호
• /
• pp.91-103
• /
• 2015

This study examined the image identity of the Celine fashion house, which went through a successful re-branding using its tradition and succession, a process that was heavily influenced by their new designer, Phoebe Philo. The purpose of this study is as follows: first, to encourage the use of the fashion house in a domestic fashion market. Second, to increase awareness about image identity. Third, to provide suggestions of maintaining sustainable brand by examining a fashion house, which does not follow fast-changing fashion trends but rather leads and creates fashion styles. The study extracted the characteristics of the Celine fashion house by analyzing data, which were collected from fashion literature, its designs, and its marketing. From the data, the study found ways that a brand could use to develop continually. Phoebe Philo re-branded the Celine by using minimalism to redesign its logo and create a new brand image. Her method included the use of diverse and vivid colors via color-blocking, a feature of modern minimalism. This is a modern minimalism, which differentiates itself from others with the elaborate tailoring and delicate detailing effectively. The modern minimalism like this has, caused the new mood beyond the flow of certain art trends and led the revolution, not the advent, of the minimalism in the 1990s. This study believes that the aspect of the fashion-house following and succeeding the tradition is not just in the fashion house. This study should be seen as a significant step forward at a time when we desperately need the continuation of the unique brand recognized as fashion house in the long-term domestically.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.55-65
• /
• 2012

Urban traditional housing is a type of the urban housing which have developed by itself from the traditional vernacular houses and it has continued with a traditional feature in the westernization and modernization affection of Korea. Also, the urban traditional housing is still one of the housing in the present and it makes a urban village with a rich culture benefit and fresh natural environment. The purpose of this study is to analyze the periodical characteristics of urban traditional house in korea's provincial town Gyeongju. The local range is Hwang-Nam Hanok Conservation Area in Gyeongju and the period range is 1874~2000s. So the first period from 1874 to 1909, the second period is 1910 to 1945, the third period is 1946 to 1969, the fourth period is 1970s, and the fifth period is since the 1980s. This classification will be considered of the social phenomenon at the time. The total number of target houses are 8 houses. They were analyzed by layout, floor plan, and elevation characteristics of urban traditional house. For structure of this study, Chapter 1, establishes the goal and range of study. Chapter 2, 3, examines distinctions of urban traditional house with traditional house, and meaning of urban traditional house, and transition of urban traditional house. Chapter 4, establishes formality to analysis, and performed from plan to elevation analysis, observation survey, and interview through door-to-door survey, and clarifies trend and characteristic of urban traditional house's change by integrating the results, and Chapter 5, is results integrating the above studies.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.75-82
• /
• 2016

The goal of this study is to identify the new Architectural type of house and Landscape design pattern of the collective housing area in American garden city, Midlothian near Richmond of Virginia. I had been surveyed old houses of the Virginia and new single family houses and landscape design style of Mariners village to find a different style of houses and lots. The Richmond, capital city of Virginia, is surrounded by five suburban areas and counties. One of them is the Chesterfield where it has main street of Midlothian garden city. The city of Midlothian has a function of residence area both to stay in the forest garden and to go to downtown office of Richmond. There are a lot of collective housing area out of the capital city. I surveyed house form, lots, and site design pattern of the Mariners village in Midlothian. The community of Mariners shows a particular characteristics and harmonious pattern of suburban residence area in a view point of new project. There are three results of this study as follows: First, the types of house in suburban garden city, Midlothian, are focused on vernacular Colonial style with country house, traditional house, and front gable house form which are an unique new American single home. Second, the landscape design of this collective housing area, the Mariners village, has a unity view of residence community, harmony between house and lots, and a sensitive cul-de-sac pattern and loops type with rational land using based on the forest topology. Third, the Mariners village shows that the design concept of landscape architecture has to consider of traditionalism, naturalism, and living condition of residents.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.35-40
• /
• 2024

This study examines the classification and typical characteristics of 148 owner shop houses existing in the historical city center of Cheongju. First, they can be classified into single-story, middle-story, and divided types according to the distribution of residential and commercial functions. The single-story(36) has 'ㅡ', 'ㄱ', and 'narrow and deep'-shaped arrangement, with stores on the front and houses on the rear. The middle-story second floor(89) is divided into a first-story store and a second-story house, and the third floor(23) has different functions for each floor, but more than half of them have houses on the second and third floors. Among the total, there are also 16 cases in which the division type is taken with different construction times and structures. Second, in the position of the stairs connected to the upper floor among the middle-floor types(112), the outer stair type(52) to separate from the living space while making the most of the stores on the first floor accounts for 47%, but the biggest feature is that the inner staircase type(34) with privacy reaches 30%. The rear stair room type(26) entering through alleyways or private yards is also 23%. Third, the front pillar spacing varies from 1bay to 4bay in appearance, but the 2bay type on the 2nd floor and the 1bay type on the 3rd floor occupy the largest proportion. This exterior type is a characteristic of a owner shop house that can measure the range of personal ownership. Despite the conflicting functions of stores and houses, 35~40% of the cases are in which the opening positions of the upper and lower floors are unified.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국주거학회 2008년 추계학술발표대회 논문집
• /
• pp.278-283
• /
• 2008

This paper aims to clarify physical characteristic of empty house and vacant floor in historic district on Cheongju. First, most empty houses are the timbered houses of 1 story, and it will be built before the 1969. And the building of a vacant floor has a common non-residential buildings of 4 stories, and there are many buildings of RC structure built in the 1980s. Second, when the situation of an empty house and a vacant floor was seen, there was most the second floor only by the number of room, but when seen from the ratio of the whole number of rooms, there were most the third floor and the fourth floor. Third, when the situation of a vacant floor and a vacant room was seen from use, there were most store, shop and office. Relevance with this as close as reduction of the population in the center of Cheongju is seen. Moreover, the grope of a method which can utilize this is required.

• 건축역사연구
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.85-102
• /
• 2008

As a result of analyzing the floor plan shown in the three drafts, there were a great deal of differences in composing the space of the inner main hall. The inner room facing to the east with the arrangement crossing the inner floor at right angles in the 'Baekdangguje Draft' faces to the south in the east or west in front of the main house thereafter. This represents that it reflects the intent of the owner of the architecture emphasizing the size increase and ceremonies of the main house in the 'ㅁ shape', which has changed to the directions of easily accommodating the Confucian ceremonial activities in the floor plan of the inner house as the size of the main house was gradually increasing from 24 sections to 30 or 38 sections. The expansion in the size of main house further divided the functions of floor into one for daily life and the other for ceremonies as well. In other words, the 30 Sections in Yijeong Draft as being the first planned draft for reconstruction had a hall for memorial services in the main hall of the inner house, whereas the 'Draft with 38 Sections' as being the second planned draft for reconstruction was planning a room with a floor (two sections of Bangdang) for memorial purpose in the back of the inner main hall. The variations in the guest house (or space for men) shown in the drafts confirms the establishment of space for men as the size of the main house increases. We can see the change that a large guest house is placed over the south and in the south and east of the main house as the number of main house increases by 30 sections or 38 sections. Especially, a guest house with a wide space in a 'ㄴ shape' is arranged from the south of main house to the east wing in the Draft with 38 Sections. In addition, the backward sections are advanced in the front and back of guest house in the drafts with 30 and 38 sections, while a back floor or a back floor connecting to the back room or sleeping room or inner house is installed in the backward sections.

• 비교문화연구
• /
• 제47권
• /
• pp.291-312
• /
• 2017

본고는 츠리(池莉) 소설을 대상으로 하여, '집'이 어떻게 의미화 되고 있는지를 살펴본 것이다. 츠리는 신분의 상징으로서 집과 젠더수행의 장소로서 집에 주목한다. 첫째, 개인의 신분을 상징하는 부호로서 '집'은 지식인(적)/소시민(적), 문명/비문명, 지식/지식 없음, 정신/반(反)정신, 우/열로 이항 대립항을 구성하고 있다. 츠리는 우월성을 속성으로 하는 집의 이면에 자리한 불합리성과 불공정을 발견함으로써, 신분의 부호로서 이분화된 집의 경계를 허문다. 그녀는 이러한 경계 허물기를 통해, 지식인(적)/소시민(적)으로 이분화된 '집'을 각각 정신과 물질에 상응하는 것으로 배치하고 우열을 논하는 데에서 비껴가면서, 화해를 모색한다. 둘째, 젠더가 (재)생산되는 장소로서 집을 해체한다. 이는 두 가지 측면을 통해 이루어진다. 하나는 사적영역인 집을 경제활동이 이루어지는 공적영역으로 확장하는 것이다. 이때 집은 여성이 경제적인 주체로서 재탄생하는 장소가 된다. 이로부터 수동적이고 종속적으로 인식되어 온 여성성은 주체성과 독립성을 확보하게 되는 것이다. 다른 하나는 남성다움의 동일시로서 집을 재구성한다. 남성다움과 유착한 집은 강력한 남성성을 보여주기도 하지만 남성성의 훼손을 상징하는 장소가 되기도 한다. '집'의 이러한 양가성은 사적영역인 '집'에서는 은닉되고 배제되었던 공적영역에서의 여성(성)을 드러내면서, 남성다움을 전유하는 '집'에 각인된 젠더질서 및 젠더관념을 전복한다. 공적영역에서의 여성(성)의 발견을 통해, 젠더화된 '집'의 해체를 넘어 젠더화된 '일상'에 대한 해체를 모색하고 있는 것이다. 바로 여기에 츠리 서사의 의미가 있다고 본다.

• 한국주거학회논문집
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.53-62
• /
• 1999

Choonwon, Lee Kwang-Soo was a literary man and activist for educational movement in modem age of Korea. This research was to review his arguments about improvement of house living. The major results of the research were as follows. First, he asked Korean people to establish solid identity of living. Second, he placed great emphasis on building hygiene facilities and bathroom. Third, he argued that the space within a household need to be divided in accordance with function. Finally he suggested Korean people to make home environment beautiful and convenient.