• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.1233-1241
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• 2010

This study analyzes the body characteristics of high school boys according to 3 different body types in order to improve the fit of upper garments. First, among the lateral body types, the straight body type was selected from the SizeKorea 3D scanned data and 2D measurement data. Second, high school boys (classified as straight lateral body type) were grouped into type B, A, and Y drop groups. The percentages of type B, type A, type Y are 17.8%, 48.1%, 32.1% respectively. The characteristics of the body types were analyzed. While the bust circumference were the same among the three body types (chest width, back width, back across shoulder, and bust width did not show a significant difference); however, waist and hip measurements showed a significant difference among the three body types. Third, the height of the high school boys ranged between 165cm and 180cm and the bust circumference between 85cm and 97cm. For the bust size categories, type B and type Y are distributed similarly; however, type A is distributed in the smaller bust size categories.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.189-198
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• 2011

The existing approaches to the body painting have been dominated by the angles focused on the 'performance' and the 'body art'. The performance-focused approach, in which body painting serves simply as a make-up for the performer, one of the elements of performance to help it communicate effectively its meaning and come to perfection, might be in itself lacking in the attention to the placement of the body painting as a new genre of art. This thesis has two aims to explain the concept of Allegory as the contemporary meaning and to examined the formative characteristics and other characteristics of Allegory through theoretical research. For this purpose, this study is based upon allegorical cognition of Walter Benjamin and the allegorical method of Craig Owens. The formative characteristics of allegory are summarized as appropriation, deconstruction and site-specificity as follows. First, the constructed result has contrived characters because its image which derived from body painting based on the past shown image. Second, Allegoric body painting refuses an aesthetically valuable piece which can be interpreted formal completion, it shows intactly deconstruction of its configuration, substance and style. Third, Allegoric body painting has site-specificity facts which can be expressed for diverse meanings. Through these facts, the final goal of this thesis will find specific character for Allegory and apply to body painting.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.34-39
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• 2014

A study is analyzed on the design factor of center-body diffuser and performed on conceptual design of center-body diffuser with computational fluid dynamic. The flow field of center-body diffuser is calculated using axisymmetric two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equation with $k-{\epsilon}$ turbulencemodel. The center-body diffuser is compared with second throat exhaust diffuser in terms of starting pressure, the degree of vacuum pressure and the design factors. The counter flow jet on cone-tip of the center-body is applied for thermal protection system in the center-body diffuser.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.604-619
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• 2007

Aesthetic consciousness of the body determines the form of clothing, reflecting the time and culture as well as the individual and society. Using 'body' to analyze the clothing form, my study develops a framework by which to classify the representation and non-representation of the body in fashion. Theoretically, this study draws from Jean Baudrillard's Simulation theory which maintains that simulation develops the whole edifice of representation. My study substitutes the successive phases of the image to that of (non) representing body in fashion. The correspondences between them are; first, 'image is the reflection of a basic reality' for the representation of physicality, second, 'image masks and perverts a basic reality' for the manipulation of physicality, third, 'image masks the absence of a basic reality' for the absence of physicality, and fourth, 'image bears no relation to any reality whatever' for the absence of body in fashion. Aesthetic ideal of the body is visualized in the form of a dress. Fashion continues to explore forms and images that transcend the traditional representations of the clothed body. My study suggests a framework to analyze bodily representation in fashion, focusing on the relationship between the clothes and body.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.624-634
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to classify body types of elderly male aged between 60 and 80. 40 direct items and 22 indexes were measured. The result were as follows. First. through the factor analysis of indexes, 8 factors were extracted upon factor scores, 4 clusters represented characteristics of elderly male's body type. Type 1 indicates flat and bend-forward type. Type 2 indicates fat and bend-forward type. Type 3 indicates lean-back type and is a little bit fat and the waist is round. Type 4 indicates a straight type in which the chest and the hip are developed. Second, drop was needed to discriminate elderly male's body type. 3 types of drop were extracted. The body type with big drop is Y type in which the drop distance is between 14 and 22cm. The body type with standard drop is A type in which the drop distance is between 6 and 14cm. The body type with small drop is B type in which the drop distance is between -4 and 6cm. Third, when the types of appearance rate were combined, 7 body types of elderly male showed high appearance rate; A1, B1, A2, B2, A3, A4, B4. According to the above result, flat and bended-forward type with drop A was dominant body type of elderly male.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.207-211
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• 2005

Body index is known as it affects pulmonary function tests (PFT), so it has been used with predictive formula and nomogram in terms of sex, age, height, etc. Body indices as body weight, body mass index (BMI), and body surface area (BSA) might also affect PFT, so that we have analyzed the correlations between body indices and forced expiratory volume in one second ($FEV_1$), and have done multiple regression analysis to see how body indices affect $FEV_1$. We confirmed that $FEV_1$ had positive correlations with height (r=0.49, p<0.01), body weight (r=0.37, p<0.01), and BSA (r=0.47, p<0.01), inverse correlation with age (r=-0.45, p<0.01), but no correlation with BMI. We found that the 41.9% of $FEV_1$ was diverged from height, age and BSA. Therefore, BSA definitely needs to be considered with predictive formula and nomogram in PFT.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.515-535
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• 2013

The present study aims to investigate characteristics of the flow structures around the Ahmed body by using both experimental and numerical methods. Therefore, 1/4 scale Ahmed body having $25^{\circ}$ slant angle was employed. The Reynolds number based on the body height, H and the free stream velocity, U was $Re_H=1.48{\times}10^4$. Investigations were conducted in two parts. In the first part of the study, Large Eddy Simulation (LES) method was used to resolve the flow structures around the Ahmed body, numerically. In the second part of the study the particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique was used to measure instantaneous velocity fields around the Ahmed body. Time-averaged and instantaneous velocity vectors maps, streamline topology and vorticity contours of the flow fields were presented and discussed in details. Comparison of the mean and turbulent quantities of the LES results and the PIV results with the results of Lienhart et al. (2000) at different locations over the slanted surface and in the wake region of the Ahmed body were also given. Flow features such as critical points and recirculation zones in the wake region downstream of the Ahmed body were well captured. The spectra of numerically and experimentally obtained stream-wise and vertical velocity fluctuations were presented and they show good consistency with the numerical result of Minguez et al. (2008).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.52 no.8
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• pp.41-54
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• 2002

This study discusses the beauty of the ideal body shown by fashion communication media, and explains how aesthetic aspects of, the body are being expressed in contemporary fashion. The beauty of the body may be considered as the beauty of sexual, controllable or consumable object. First. the most vigorously discussed point about the body is its sexual aspect, the most outstanding of which is the voluptuous and the androgynous beauty in contemporary fashion. Second, the body is an object which has been oppressed or controlled under the name of history. morality. and rationality. The things making us regard the body itself as an aesthetic object may be considered as dynamic and functional beauty Third, the sexual instinct and the body are fetishized as consumer goods, and women's bodies are presented as comsumer objects whose most parts could be restored to exchangeable value. The consumable beauty presented in contemporary fashion is the conspicuous beauty and the decadent beauty. So far, the various aspects of the beautiful body has been considered, based on the beauty of the ideal body shown by the fashion communication media. Man exists through on his body. but it is the embodied and formed body that serves as a means to manifest his social status and cultural ties. A natural body is reformed as a cultural phenomenon in various artificial ways. Popular culture has transmitted a series of new body image by creating and reproducing symbols and images, and has made the ideal body. Now there is not only one standard for the ideal beauty in our society. The standard of the beauty has changed continuously. There has been an aesthetic sense which can represent the times during the process of those changes. The various communication media have played a role of mirror reflecting those changes. The ideal body in contemporary times is no more an abstract media to express classical beauty, but an object directly affecting us, who are living in the crisis of subjectivity and identity.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.677-691
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of make-up attitude and body-related value on clothing behavior. The subjects were 315 female college students in Gyeongsang provinces. The obtained data were analyzed by reliability analysis, factor analysis, cluster analysis, one-way ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis and t-test. The major results of this study were as follows: First, four factors of make-up attitude were identified: pursuit of confidence, sociality, self-satisfaction, and positive image. Second, the subjects were categorized into three different types of groups according to make-up attitude and body-related value, respectively: high involvement type, low involvement type, and middle involvement type. Third, there was significant difference among three groups which were segmented by each make-up attitude and body-related value on clothing behaviors (sexual attractiveness, showing off, body-enhancement). Fourth, a significant positive correlation was found among four factors of make-up attitude and body operatability with clothing behaviors. Fifth, the important variables that affected the clothing behaviors were pursuit of confidence, self-satisfaction, and positive image of make-up attitude. Sixth, body-inclination significantly influenced sexual attractiveness of clothing behavior, whereas body-related value, unlike make-up attitude, only had marginal influence.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.103-110
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• 2012

With a theoretical focus on the emotional experiences created via the interface, and the relationship between human beings and space, this study aims to corroborate and clarify the formation and verification of emotional interactions between human beings and space using body movements. It follows the method of Coining "Movement Phrases" through the analysis of body movements in the experimental space, thereby developing them into a complete scenario to produce the story of emotional expression. This study has hereby generated the following outcomes: First, the "pocket-type" exhibition displays a higher frequency of body movements than the "general" exhibition. It has close connections with emotional vocabularies: "Curious," "interesting," "warm," and "fun." The "general" exhibition records a relatively high frequency of emotional vocabularies like "natural," "efficient," and "free." Second, it is possible to analyze the story of space using a scenario, just like drama, based upon attributes and serial relationships. The "exposition" section reveals a high degree of "curiosity" and a large number of body movements, while the "development" section indicates high degree of "surprise" plus slight body movements. The "transition" sections manifest high "interest" and many body movements, and the "climax" section shows a high frequency of "surprise" and many changes in body movements. The "conclusion" section finally invokes images together with body movements.