• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.61-72
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• 1996

In this paper, the driver seat comfort of eight automobiles was studied. The joint angles and anthropometric data of eleven subjects sitting on the seating buck were investigated using the instrument devices such as scale, goniometer, vernier calipers, protractor, Martin set. The joint angles of the most comfort posture were found by experiment and compared with previous studies. The anthropometric data of Korean(1992 year surveys) and American(1970∼1974 year) were applied to evaluate the driver seat layout of Korean automobile. The joint angles of the most comfort posture for eleven subjects were obtained with experimental results. The joint angles were agreed with reference angles. The driver seat layout was not suited to seat length and acceleratorseatpan forward distance in 5 percentiles female, pedal separation and seatpan-roof height in 95 percentiles male. Korean automobiles were not suited to seatpan length and steering wheelseatpan clearance, floor-roof height for American 95 percentiles male. The driver anthropometric dimensions were more suitable to middle size than small size automobiles.

• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.120-127
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• 1997

오늘날 자동차는 자동차 자체에 대한 기능적 측면뿐만 아니라 운전자 및 탑승자에게 적절한 거주 공간을 제공하여야 한다는 인간공학적 측면을 동시에 만족시켜야 한다. 특히 부적절한 거주 공간에서 비롯된 좋지 않은 운전 자세는 운전시 신체 각 부위에 과다한 피로를 유발시키고 운전 성능에도 영향 을 미칠 수 있기 때문에 안전 측면에서도 매우 중요하다. 거주 공간의 설계시 출발점이 되는 것은 SgRP(Seating Reference Point)이며 이의 설정은 운전 자세에 직접적인 영향을 미치므로 운전자의 불편도 (Discomfort)를 최소로 하며 운전성능을 높일 수 있도록 설정되어야한다. 본 연구에서는 Driving Simulator 를 이용하여 운전자가 취할 수 있는 Seat의 전후, 상하 위치에 따른 여러 운전 자세에서 운전자가 느끼는 불편도 및 각종 Control의 조작성등의 주관적인 Measure와 운전시의 운전성능을 나타내는 객관적 Measure를 측정, 평가하였다. Seat의 위치는 Whole Body Discomfort, Steering Wheel, Gear, Pedal의 조작성 등의 주관적 종속 변수에는 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 객관적 종속변수에는 유의한 영향이 나타 나지 않았다. 실험 결과를 바탕으로 Regression식을 도출하였으며 이를 바탕으로 Isocomfort Surface를 제시 하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 한국인에 적합한 SgRP 및 Seat Track 설정의 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대 된다.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.47-58
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• 2002

This research suggested the mathematical model (forward kinematics method) to provide the reference points of driver space more easily and accurately in designing the package layout of vehicle interiors. For this purpose, the lengths of body segments of drivers and various joint angles occurred while were used. The length data between joints for the mathematical model were extracted from $SAFEWORK^{\circed{R}}$ as well as 95th percentile male and 5th percentile female body dimensions were utilized. In addition, the angles of body segments were applied on its diverse values within proper ranges in order to compare them each other. the mathematical model in this study was based on the concept of converting polar coordinate system to Cartesian coordinate system so that reference points of driver space were acquired in Cartesian coordinate system after using the segment lengths of drivers and the joint angles of driving postures as an input of polar coordinate system. It is expected that reference points of driver space obtained from this research are helpful to the study on package layout that is appropriate for physical characteristics of drivers.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.158-165
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• 2014

Purpose: The objective of this paper was to compare test standards regarding the performance and safety of agricultural tractors to identify the differences in test conditions, measurement tolerances, and test procedures. Based on the comparison, some recommendations were proposed for possible revisions or improvements to current tractor test standards. Methods: The test standards and codes of major standards development organizations (SDOs), such as the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE), EC type approval, and the board of actions of the Nebraska Tractor Test Laboratories (NTTL), were selected and analyzed. Comparison of the test standards: The ISO provides references for fuel and lubricants for tractor tests, and the OECD provides additional measurements for calculating fuel consumption characteristics during the power take-off (PTO) tests. The ISO, EC type approval, and the ASABE provide PTO protective device and the safety requirements. During drawbar power tests, seven transmission ratios are selected for fully automatic transmissions, according to the OECD. In case of hydraulic lift tests, ISO 789-2 and OECD Code 2 advise the use of a static lift force, while SAE J283 advises the use of additional dynamic lift capacity tests for a better representation of in-field operations. The OECD, the ISO, and EC type approval determine the seat index point (SIP), whereas the ASABE determines the seat reference point (SRP) for roll-over protective structure (ROPS) tests. Diversified measurement tolerances were among the braking performance test standards. The European Union (EU) has developed daily limits for vibration exposures with adaptations from ISO 2631-1. Electromagnetic compatibility evaluations are emerging of high-efficiency tractors due to the long-term conformance to electromagnetic emissions and interferences. Comparisons of tractor test standards discussed in this paper are expected to provide useful information for tractor manufacturers and standards development personnel to improve the performance and safety test standards of tractors.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.3525-3537
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• 1996

This paper presents a CAD program develpoed on a microcomputer in order to support graphic and computational assessment of ergonomic problems associated with the design of a man-in-cab system. The program is coded to help workspace designers with ergonomic evaluations needed in the design stage. This paper proposed a biomechanical -ergonomic evaluations needed using man and workplace models. The human model is developed to have dimensions obtained from the Korean anthropometric data reported in 1992. Its graphical representation is based on a wire-frame model but, whenever necessary, body segments can be represented by a solid model with hidden line/faces removed and shaded. Workplace models are presented for cabs of the excavator, one of the most popular construction vehicles. A workplace model consists of an operator seat, a steering wheel. two control levers, two pedals, and a control panel. The workplace elements can be modified in their sizes, positions, and orientations by changing the reference point and design parameters. An algorithm for the view test is suggested and loaded to provide a visual evaluaiton of the overall layout of a workplace model.