• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.389-395
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• 2011

The aims of this study were to assess the lung lesions and to compare gross observations with histopathological findings in the lungs of slaughter pigs. During August of 2010 through July of 2011, the 1,200 lung samples were randomly collected from slaughtered pigs in Korea. We examined prevalence of lung lesions and classified the lung lesion according to the severity of lung lesions. For the comparison of gross lesions with histopathological findings, BALT hyperplasia was also examined. Among the tested samples, 1,100 (91.7%) had pneumonic lung lesions. In the seasonal prevalence of pneumonic lung lesions, spring was the highest followed by winter, summer and autumn, respectively. The mean pneumonic score ($mean{\pm}SD$) was $21.37{\pm}17.87$ and the highest gross lesion according to stages was 11~20% (27.2%, 326/1,200). The prevalence of pleuritis was 7.0% and the highest prevalence was determined in summer. In severity, the lungs collected in this study were frequently in chronic stage (36.4%, 437/1,200), and it was shown that BALT hyperplasia was more extensive in chronic lesion. In this study, the prevalence of pneumonic lung lesions showed a high side and appeared particularly high in the spring. Severity of lung lesion was the most prevalent chronic lesions which were consistent with histopathologic findings.

• 한국응용곤충학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용곤충학회 2003년도 추계 학술발표회
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• pp.51-51
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• 2003

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.327-335
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• 2006

An epidemiological survey of human enterobacterial infections was conducted to determine the prevalence of enteropathogens in the Republic of Korea during one year, 2003. We tested for infectious diseases in 26,992 stool samples obtained from people who visited clinics located in six big cities and six rural provinces. From these samples, we isolated 1,291 cases of enteritis bacterial infection (4.8%). In the urban areas, 821 cases of bacterial infection (6.4%) were identified and, in the rural areas, 479 bacterial strains (3.3%) were isolated. Seasonal patterns were seen for diarrhea associated with S. aureus, S. coli and V. parahaemolyticus, while Salmonella and Shigella infections showed slight seasonal variation. We found that S. aureus and Salmonella were more frequently isolated from children and the elderly; however, the prevalence of E. coli, V. parahaemolyticus, and Shigella were similar in different age groups. Routine monitoring of these infections is considered a worthwhile means by which to elucidate their epidemiology and modes of transmission and ultimately to control them more effectively. Continuous laboratory-based surveillance for findings of enteritis bacterial infection should be emphasized in the prevention of these infections.

• Entomological Research
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.439-447
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• 2018

Adult mosquito surveillance was conducted from 2013 through 2014 at four cattle sheds, a wild bird refuge, and two residential areas located in Gyeongnam Province in the Republic of Korea. Adult mosquitoes were collected in black light traps from April 1, through November 30. Mosquito surveillance was conducted to figure out population densities of vector mosquitoes, possibly invaded mosquitoes and identify various virus infections at the selected sites. A total of 107,466 females comprising 14 species and 7 genera were collected from 2013 to 2014. The most common species collected were Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles (63.8%), Anopheles sinensis s.l. (18.9%), Aedes vexans nipponii (Theobald) (7.7%), and Culex pipiens Coquillett (5.1%). Trap indices (TIs) varied widely for species over their range, due to geographical distribution and degree of association with rural and urban communities. The most collected An. sinensiss.l. and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus appeared at a cow shed in Hapcheon (TI 347.5) and a pigsty in Daejeo-1-dong, Busan (TI 1,040.8), respectively, due in part to their situation near breeding sites such as rice paddies. The bi-weekly population densities for mosquito species were variable for each of the years, apparently as a result of variable annual weather conditions. None of the mosquito species collected tested for the flavivirus including Japanese Encephalitis Virus, West Nile Virus, Dengue Virus, and Zika Virus infections by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay were positive.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.206-211
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• 2012

Purpose: The increasing prevalence of breast feeding has led to concerns about vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in children. We evaluated the prevalence of VDD in a population of Korean children with IDA and assessed the risk factors for VDD in these children. Methods: A total of 79 children who were diagnosed with IDA were prospectively surveyed from April 2010 to March 2011. Data were collected by questionnaire, medical assessment, and laboratory tests, including measurement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), hemoglobin, and wrist radiography. Results: The median age was 22 months and 30% of the subjects were female. Over a half of subjects (58%) had subnormal vitamin D level (25OHD<30 ng/mL), and VDD (25OHD<20 ng/mL) was present in 39% of children. There was no difference in serum hemoglobin level between IDA patients with VDD and those without VDD. Most subjects (89%) were currently or had recently been breastfed and almost all subjects (97%) who had VDD received breastfeeding. Children with VDD were more likely to be younger than 2 years, to have been breastfed, and to have been tested in winter or spring. Multivariable analysis indicated seasonal variation was a significant independent risk factor for VDD in our IDA patients. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that VDD has a high prevalence in Korean children with IDA. Primary care physicians should be aware of the possibility of VDD in children with IDA and should supplement the vitamin D as well as iron.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.73-78
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• 2001

Yersinia enterocolitica is an inhabitant in the lower intestinal tract of many domestic and wild animals as well as in the nature. Of the several forms of diseases caused by Y. enterocolitica, an acute enteritis, especially in young children, is the most common form. Infection of the bacteria usually occurs through fecal-oral route by contaminated foods or water, especially mountainspring water. Of the domestic animals, swine has been known as one of the most important carrier in the human infection. Based on the knowledge, prevalence of antibody against Y enterocolitica was investigated with swine sera collected from Korea for the survey of Y enterocolitica infection in swine. As the first step of this survey, we analyzed outer membrane protein (OMP) profiles of the representative strains of Y enterocolitica isolated from the feces of piglets and mountainspring water in Korea. Thirty-eight kDa OMP was identified as the common OMP regardless of origin, serotype, or biotype of Y enterocolitica isolates. Presence of antibody specific for 38 kDa OMP of Y enterocolitica in 1,076 swine sera collected from November 1999 to October 2000 was analysed with ELISA. Antibody titer in sows was significantly higher than that in piglets, growing pigs and finishing pigs (p<0.05). Also, there was seasonal difference in the prevalence of antibody against Y enterocolitica. These results would provide the basic knowledge for controlling the Y enterocolitica infection in human as well as swine.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.145-149
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• 2010

Medically important arthropods, including fleas, play an important role in causing clinical disorders and disease in man and domestic animals. This study was conducted to determine the seasonal flea infestations for domestic dogs from different geographic regions of Iran. A total of 407 fleas, belonging to 5 different species, were recovered from 83 domestic dogs from 3 regions. There was a distinctive pattern of species distribution and infestations with the highest infestation rates observed in a temperate climate and higher rainfall. Additionally, fleas were observed over all seasons, except February and March, with the highest infestation rate observed in August (24.7%) and the lowest rate in January (1.7%). They also parasitize dogs with a different spectrum of species. The cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis (67.5%), exhibited the highest prevalence among all flea species found on dogs. Thus, climatic conditions and seasonal patterns impact on flea infestation and must be considered in developing control programs.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.425-431
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• 2021

The use of big data may facilitate the recognition and interpretation of causal relationships between disease occurrence and climatic variables. Considering the immense contribution of rhinoviruses in causing respiratory infections, in this study, we examined the effects of various climatic variables on the seasonal epidemiology of rhinovirus infections in the temperate climate of Cheonan, Korea. Trends in rhinovirus detection were analyzed based on 9,010 tests performed between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2018, at Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea. Seasonal patterns of rhinovirus detection frequency were compared with the local climatic variables for the same period. Rhinovirus infection was the highest in children under 10 years of age, and climatic variables influenced the infection rate. Temperature, wind chill temperature, humidity, and particulate matter significantly affected rhinovirus detection. Temperature and wind chill temperature were higher on days on which rhinovirus infection was detected than on which it was not. Conversely, particulate matter was lower on days on which rhinovirus was detected. Atmospheric pressure and particulate matter showed a negative relationship with rhinovirus detection, whereas temperature, wind chill temperature, and humidity showed a positive relationship. Rhinovirus infection was significantly related to climatic factors such as temperature, wind chill temperature, atmospheric pressure, humidity, and particulate matter. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to find a relationship between daily temperatures/wind chill temperatures and rhinovirus infection over an extended period.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.249-254
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• 2021

The study of the impact of weather on viral respiratory infections enables the assignment of causality to disease outbreaks caused by climatic factors. A better understanding of the seasonal distribution of viruses may facilitate the development of potential treatment approaches and effective preventive strategies for respiratory viral infections. We analyzed the incidence of human mastadenovirus infection using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in 9,010 test samples obtained from Cheonan, South Korea, and simultaneously collected the weather data from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2018. We used the data collected on the infection frequency to detect seasonal patterns of human mastadenovirus prevalence, which were directly compared with local weather data obtained over the same period. Descriptive statistical analysis, frequency analysis, t-test, and binomial logistic regression analysis were performed to examine the relationship between weather, particulate matter, and human mastadenovirus infections. Patients under 10 years of age showed the highest mastadenovirus infection rates (89.78%) at an average monthly temperature of 18.2℃. Moreover, we observed a negative correlation between human mastadenovirus infection and temperature, wind chill, and air pressure. The obtained results indicate that climatic factors affect the rate of human mastadenovirus infection. Therefore, it may be possible to predict the instance when preventive strategies would yield the most effective results.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.151-161
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• 1981

水畓棲息의 主要 모기 幼蟲과 기타 昆蟲의 個體群密度를 調査하기 위하여 京畿道 高揚郡 條里面 廣탄 3里의 一個 自然部落을 調査地域으로 選定하여 1980年 6月부터 9月末까지 週別로 채집을 實施하였다. 1. Culex tritaeniorhynchus 幼蟲 個體群密度의 계절적 변동은 다량의 降雨후에 급격한 증가 형상을 보였고 살충제 살포에 대해서 어느정도의 감소 영향을 받았다. 2. Anopheles sinensis 幼蟲의 個體群密度는 계절적으로 안정되어 있어 큰 변동을 나타내지 않았으며 강수량과 살충제 살포에 영향을 받지 않았다. 3. Odonata와 Ephemeroptera의 경우는 살충제 살포가 결정적인 억제 요인으로 작용하여 Odonata는 6월 중순의 첫 살포후에, Ephemeroptera는 7월 중순의 두 번째 살포후 각각 완전히 자취를 감추었고 그 후 個體群密度의 회복은 불가능 하였다. 4. Coleoptera의 個體群密度는 週別 변동이 심하였으며 이는 主로 살충제 살포에 의한 결과로 해석된다. 살충제 살포 前週와의 비교에 의한 감소율을 보면 Coleoptera는 69.5% (幼蟲 75%, 成蟲 58.3%)였고, Hemiptera의 경우는 75.5%였다. 5. 水畓에 棲息하는 planaria 1種의 個體群密度는 강수량에 영향을 받으며 살충제 살포에 對한 억제효과는 없는 것으로 나타났다.