• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.53 no.10
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• pp.3438-3448
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• 2021

Dynamic seals are one of the critical components of Absorber Rod Drive Mechanism of Fast Breeder Reactors, requiring separate experimental development. Their significance can't be overemphasized considering that the availability and re-usability of Control Rod Drive Mechanisms of Fast Breeder Test Reactor is governed by the failure rate of dynamic seals (bellows). For prototype and subsequent Fast Breeder Reactors in India, choice of the dynamic seal is changed to an in-house designed & developed labyrinth type V-ring seal. The present work is related to the numerical investigations carried out to gain insights into the sealing mechanism and the thermal behaviour of these seals. The results indicate that the seal geometry is very important for obtaining optimum performance. By changing the geometry of the present seal, performance enhancement by more than 50% in important indices is obtained. Further, the results point out that caution shall be exercised when the seal material & its operating temperature are changed. Also, the numerical model developed in this study will be useful for developing more robust dynamic seals in future.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.314-321
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• 2004

Thermal distortion of non-contacting mechanical seals with inclined rubbing surfaces is affected by friction heat between seal ring and seal seat. The circulation fluid along the inclined rubbing surfaces maintains cooling friction heat and lubrication between the sealing surfaces of mechanical seal with an inclined surface. Mechanical seals with inclined sealing surfaces may be useful for reducing the frictional heating and power loss because of the introduction of cooling fluids to the sealing gap between seal ring and seal seat. From the FEM computed result shows that the thermal behavior and von Mises stress of sealing faces with an inclined angle 60 are much reduced in comparison of the conventional mechanical face seal with rectangular sealing surfaces.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.99-104
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• 1981

Glass-ceramics possessed a number of characteristics which suggested their suggested their use for sealing to metals. The choice of particular glass-ceramics compositions for this application is governed by various factors, including workability of the glasses, thermal expansion characteristics and the matching of these to appropriate metals. Other properties, such as mechanical strength, determined the performance of glass-ceramics to metal seals. The purpose of the present study was to investigate direct sealing behaviour of copper to $Li_2O-ZnO-SiO_2$ system glass-ceramics. The design of the seal was a concentric seal which might contribute to the strong bond formation by providing compressive stress during thermal excursions. Tensile strengths of sealing layers were measured by Instron test machine. The layers were examined by electron probe microanalyzer. Crsystallization rate was increased with the amount of ZnO or $Li_2O$, and ZnO increased the sealing strength, but $Li_2O$ lowered it. Sealing mechanism was due to the formation of metal oxides, which acted as binder between copper and glass-ceramics. The nickle-plated copper seal with 10% $Li_2O$ and 30% ZnO was the most strong seal, and its sealing strength was more than 56kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$.

• Laser Solutions
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.10-15
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• 2008

This study is aimed to analyse the laser glass bonding process numerically. Due to the viscoelastic behaviour of glass, the extremely large deformation of the frit seal is resulted continuously over the transition temperature, so that the thermal boundary condition be changed in the entire calculation process. The commercial FEM algorithm is restrictively able to remesh the large geometrical boundary shape and to adapt the boundary conditions simultaneously. According to our manual adaptation of increasing the laser line intensity to 700 mW/mm, it is possible to estimate the thermal glass bonding process under the fracture stress in principle. But it should be studied further in the case of high laser line intensity.