• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.28-34
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• 2021

The main cause of cervical cancer is a persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV). Cervical cancer is reported as a preventable cancer in more than 80% of cases with early diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Papanicolaou test (Pap test) has been a global strategy to prevent cervical cancer, and recently, HPV test has been reported to be effective against cervical cancer and precancerous lesions. However, pelvic examinations give patients anxiety, discomfort, pain, distress, and psychological stress. HPV test via a urine sample caused less physical and psychological stress and more advantage than the Pap test. Therefore, it is necessary to study the usefulness of the HPV test for easy-to-collect urine samples. A total of 220 samples were collected from a pair of cervical and urine samples from 110 women and only 108 pairs of samples out of 110 were used because 2 cases were not amplified by β-globin. Among 108 pairs of cervical and urine samples, the prevalence of HPV was 37.0% (40/108) in cervical samples, 34.3% (37/108) in urine samples and HR-HPV was 22.2% (24/108) in cervical samples, 18.5% (20/108) in urine samples. In this study, urine samples showed a lower positive rate of HPV than cervical samples. There were many variables that could affect the condition of the urine sample. However, the HR-HPV agreement rate of the cervix and urine samples was 94.44% and the Kappa value was 0.823, which was "almost perfect". Through these results showed the significance of cervical cancer screening using a urine sample. Cervical screening is crucial, as cervical cancer can be prevented in more than 90% of cases. Urine samples collected by non-invasive methods may have the potential advantage of increasing acceptance of cervical cancer screening. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new cervical cancer screening strategy using urine samples through further study based on the results of this study.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.93-99
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• 1975

In order to compare the diagnostic value of Modified California Mastitis Test (MCMT), Modified Whiteside Test (MWT) and Resazurin Reduction Test (RRT) using the direct microscopic leucocyte count (DMLC) as standard, a total of 739 quarter milk samples were examined. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Of the 739 samples, 24.4% had positive DMLC value (over 500,000 leucocytes per mI.), 32.6% positive MCMT reaction, 34.9% positive RRT reaction and 39.9% positive MWT reaction. 2. The identical ratings of the three mastitis screening tests with DMLC values were 60.7% (MWT), 61. 8% (MCMT) and 72.1% (RRT). 3. The mean reaction values of the predicted mastitis screening tests were $1.09{\pm}0.01$ (MWT), $1.12{\pm}0.06$ (MCMT) and $1.25{\pm}0.40$ (RRT). The efficiency ratings of them were 34.8% (MWT), 49.3% (RRT) and 55.0% (MCMT) respectively.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.677-689
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to design a x-ray screening rating system to improve X-ray screening ability, which is a core job competency of security screener at Incheon International Airport, and to verify its effectiveness through empirical analysis to suggest ways to improve the level management system. Methods: In this study, the effectiveness of the research model was analyzed using T-test tests for effect analysis based on the empirical analysis results derived through the competency evaluation model, the screening rating system. Results: The results of this study are as follows. The average score for regular education before the implementation of the x-ray screening rating system was 94.1 points, but after the implementation of the x-ray screening rating system, the average score for regular education was 95.5 points, an average of 1.4 points increased. In addition, the proportion of those with 95 or more points classified as high scorers also increased significantly from 51.1% to 69.3%. Conclusion: The X-ray screening rating system of security inspectors will systematically manage the level of screening ability, which is a key job competency, and play a strong role in improving competency, while preventing security accidents through early identification and intensive training of level-lowers.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.51-59
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• 2009

This study was designed to investigate the effects of neonatal hearing screening program (NHSP) information on parental satisfaction with the Parent Satisfaction Questionnaire with Neonatal Hearing Screening Program (PSQ-NHSP) by Mazlan et al. (2006). The PSQ-NHSP consisted of four aspects including: information, personnel in charge of the hearing test, appointment activity, and overall satisfaction in the neonatal hearing screening program. A total of 106 parents (50 in the experimental group and 56 in the control group) participated in this study in one general hospital and two delivery clinics. The fifty parents in the experimental group received information and counseling with educational materials before filling out the PSQ-NHSP, but the fifty-six parents in the control group did not receive any counseling or education materials before completing the PSQ-NHSP. The PSQ-NHSP demonstrated excellent internal consistency reliability (${\sigma}=0.914$). The results of the study were as follows. First, the overall satisfaction ($3.77{\pm}0.81$) and personnel in charge of hearing test ($3.52{\pm}0.79$) aspects showed higher rates of satisfaction than the appointment activity aspect ($3.51{\pm}0.80$) for total subjects. Second, the overall parental satisfaction rate of the experimental group ($4.15{\pm}0.50$) was significantly higher than that of the control group ($3.09{\pm}0.53$) in all items. Lastly, thirty-two participants (30%) made at least one comment in response to the open-set items. A total of 29 comments were related to satisfaction with participating in the NHSP and II comments were related to dissatisfaction. In conclusion, to improve parental satisfaction it is important to provide parents with education and information about the NHSP before the test. In addition, PSQ-NHSP was found to be a useful instrument for identifying the benefits and shortfalls of the NHSP.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.160-167
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• 2019

Depression is a major mood disorder. Abnormal expression of glial glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) is associated with depression. Schisantherin B (STB) is one bioactive of lignans isolated from Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill which has been commonly used as a traditional herbal medicine for thousands of years. This paper was designed to investigate the effects of STB on depressive mice induced by forced swimming test (FST). Additionally, we also assessed the impairment of FST on cognitive function in mice with different ages. FST and open field test (OFT) were used for assessing depressive symptoms, and Y-maze was used for evaluating cognition processes. Our study showed that STB acting as an antidepressant, which increased GLT-1 levels by promoting PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Although the damage is reversible, short-term learning and memory impairment caused by FST test is more serious in the aged mice, and STB also exerts cognition improvement ability in the meanwhile. Our findings suggested that STB might be a promising therapeutic agent of depression by regulating the GLT-1 restoration as well as activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.279-284
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• 1977

Like that mentioned in the 2nd report, because of panel's sense of psychological and physiological responsibility caused by multi-samples, great errors in experimental results are expected. So as to cut down these errors, the new method called "Pair Comparision with Standard" that reduces test frequency and is superior in detecting power is designed, and its mathematical model is proposed. This paper suggests that this method can be used for screening test that, first of all, selects 4-5 of multi-samples and the most efficient sensory evaluation method in laboratorial quality study is that, after screening by this method, Trio Paired Comparison for the final justification is applicated.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.698-705
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• 2023

Rapid diagnosis of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is essential for guiding clinical treatment and preventing the spread of MRSA infections. Herein, we present a simple and rapid MRSA screening test based on the aggregation effect of mannose-binding lectin (MBL)-conjugated gold nanoparticles (AuNP), called the MRSA probe. Recombinant MBL protein is a member of the lectin family and part of the innate immune system. It can recognize wall teichoic acid (WTA) on the membrane of MRSA more specifically than that of methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) under optimized salt conditions. Thus, the MRSA probe can selectively bind to MRSA, and the aggregation of the probes on the surface of the target bacteria can be detected and analyzed by the naked eye within 5 min. To demonstrate the suitability of the method for real-world application, we tested 40 clinical S. aureus isolates (including 20 MRSA specimens) and recorded a sensitivity of 100%. In conclusion, the MRSA probe-based screening test with its excellent sensitivity has the potential for successful application in the microbiology laboratory.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.58 no.6
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• pp.224-229
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• 2015

Purpose: Thyroid dysfunction is common in preterm infants. Congenital hypothyroidism causes neurodevelopmental impairment, which is preventable if properly treated. This study was conducted to describe the characteristics of thyroid dysfunction in very low birth weight infants (VLBWIs), evaluate risk factors of hypothyroidism, and suggest the reassessment of thyroid function with an initially normal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) as part of a newborn screening test. Methods: VLBWIs (January 2010 to December 2012) were divided into two groups according to dysfunction-specific thyroid hormone replacement therapy, and associated factors were evaluated. Results: Of VLBWIs, 246 survivors were enrolled. Only 12.2% (30/246) of enrolled subjects exhibited thyroid dysfunction requiring thyroid hormone replacement. Moreover, only one out of 30 subjects who required thyroid hormone treatment had abnormal thyroid function in the newborn screening test with measured TSH. Most of the subjects in the treatment group (22/30) exhibited delayed TSH elevation. Gestational age, Apgar score, antenatal steroids therapy, respiratory distress syndrome, patent ductus arteriosus, sepsis, intraventricular hemorrhage, postnatal steroids therapy, and duration of mechanical ventilation did not differ between the two groups. Birth weight was smaller and infants with small for gestational age were more frequent in the treatment group. Conclusion: Physicians should not rule out suggested hypothyroidism, even when thyroid function of a newborn screening test is normal. We suggest retesting TSH and free thyroxine in high risk preterm infants with an initially normal TSH level using a newborn screening test.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.16
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• pp.6837-6842
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• 2014

Background: Northern Thailand is a region with a high cervical cancer incidence. Combined high-risk HPV (hrHPV) DNA testing and cytology (co-testing) has increasingly gained acceptance for cervical cancer screening. However, to our knowledge, data from a population-based screening using co-testing have not been available in this region. This study therefore aimed to evaluate the performance of cytology and hrHPV test in women in northern Thailand. Materials and Methods: Cervical samples were collected for hybrid capture 2 (HC2) testing and liquid-based cytology from women aged 30 to 60 years who were residents in 3 prefectures of Chiang Mai in northern Thailand between May and September 2011. Women with positive cytology were referred to colposcopy, while women with positive for HC2 only were followed for 2 years. Results: Of 2,752 women included in this study, 3.0% were positive in both tests, 4.1% for HC2 only, and 1.3% had positive cytology only. At baseline screening, positive HC2 was observed in 70.6% among cytology-positive women compared with 4.3% among cytology-negative women. The prevalence of positive HC2 or cytology peaked in the age group 35-39 years and was lowest in the age group 55-60 years. High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion or worse lesions (HSIL+) were histologically detected in 23.5% of women with positive baseline cytology and in 9.8% of women with positive baseline HC2 only on follow-up. All women with histologic HSIL+ had positive baseline HC2. Conclusions: The hrHPV test is superior to cytology in the early detection of high-grade cervical epithelial lesions. In this study, the prevalence of histologic HSIL+ on follow-up of women with positive hrHPV test was rather high, and these women should be kept under careful surveillance. In northern Thailand, hrHPV testing has a potential to be used as a primary screening test for cervical cancer with cytology applied as a triage test.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.337-343
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to conduct a systematical survey about the recognition by Korean women's age groups on the cervical cancer screening, of which screening age has expanded to include 20 years of age as of January 2016. An online survey was conducted between July 26th to 31st 2017, and 332 answers in total were collected. 332 sets of survey were used to conduct frequency analysis, chi-square test. According to the result, only 116(34.9%) answered that they recognized the current system of cervical cancer screening. Additionally, most of the subjects, namely 298(89.8%), had the intention to take the cancer screening, but the number of subjects who actually received the test was low with 209(63.0%). Therefore, it is necessary to educate and publicize the importance of screening to increase the screening participation.