• STI Policy Review
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.23-48
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• 2017

This article advocates for a Mode 3 science policy. Compared to the university research-based Mode 1 knowledge production system and the knowledge application-centric Mode 2 innovation system, Mode 3 can be defined as a system that integrates both Mode 1 and Mode 2-type knowledge production models. In this article, based on the major characteristics of the Mode 3 scientific knowledge production system, I agree with the advocates of Mode 3 that constructing a knowledge society requires an inclusive form of knowledge production and innovation system through the democratization of knowledge production as well as the promotion of social values. Moreover, the mechanisms for creating accountable innovation in the Mode 3 system should be given more attention from the science research and policy communities to make public policy for scientific and technological innovation more reflective of social changes. Similar to the ways that the Mode 1 and Mode 2 scientific knowledge production approaches have influenced the development of science policy models, the Mode 3 scientific knowledge production approach, or Mode 3 science, also has the potential to shape a new science policy model. I will refer to this as Mode 3 science policy. In an effort to conceptualize the democracy- and society-centric Mode 3 science policy model, I will articulate science policy strategies in four science policy domains in South Korea from the context of the Mode 3 science approach. These include (1) evaluation of publicly-funded research activities, (2) valorization of scientific knowledge (that is, enhancement of the value of scientific knowledge through governmental action), (3) development of a science policy decision-making support system, and (4) anticipatory foresight of science, technology and society. When adopting and implementing a Mode 3 science framework, one progressive change is to increase socially desirable innovation such as responsible innovation.

• 과학기술정책
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• 제16권1호통권157호
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• pp.64-71
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• 2006

Fabrication, falsification, plagiarism (so-called FFP), and other unethical acts damage the trust of public in science and scientists. Scientific communities, governments and research institutions should take the appropriate countermeasures. With the increasing visibility and importance of problem, funding agencies and policy-makers find that they must have a better understanding of this phenomenon, and take steps to prevent it. Science is often said as a borderless activity. In these days, many scientific misconduct cases have been emerging almost simultaneously and worldwide. Thus, the immediate actions should be taken internationally as well as nationally. From these points of view, we, Japan, proposed a new international joint-study at OECD Global Science Forum in February 2006, and the proposal was approved with supports by many countries including Korea. OECD would seek an international perspective to address this worldwide problem, bringing together the representatives of science communities, publishers, funding agencies, and policy makers, and exchanging their experiences.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.258-276
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• 2022

The historical aspects, policies, institutions, awards and measurement results of scientific literacy and scientific culture development in Indonesia have currently attracted further exploration. This paper utilizes secondary data research, further analyzed by employing the Supplementary Analysis technique. The results revealed that the tradition of writing and publishing scientific journals in Indonesia has existed ever since the Dutch East Indies with the journal's publication entitled 'Natuurkundig tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië' in 1850. To date, Indonesia has owned 5,990 nationally accredited journals. Policy support has been provided at the national and regional levels, despite limitations in cultivating literacy and reading habit. From the institutional perspective, Indonesia provides a wide array of public support, including the effort of the Ministry of Education and Culture for advocating the national literacy movement and the availability of a reference database and scientific access established by the National Library; the Indonesian Institute of Sciences, and the Ministry of Research and Technology. Similarly, in the award-related perspective, the Indonesia government has granted awards to individuals or groups and local governments engaging in the cultivation of scientific literacy and scientific culture. However, among the global measurements for literacy development in Indonesia (in 2020) recorded that three indicators scored less than those in 2019.

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.587-616
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• 2010

한국의 기초과학연구는 해방 후 백지상태에서 2008년 66,000 여 명의 이공계 대학 연구인력과 36,000여 SCI논문을 발표할 정도가 되었다. 통계가 존재한 1970년대 초를 기준으로 본다면 이공계 대학 연구인력은 38배, SCI논문은 1,317배 증가한 것이다. 본고는 이러한 현상의 전개과정과 발전동인에 대한 분석이다. 백지에서 출발한 기초과학연구라 정책이 가장 중요한 역할을 하였다고 평가되기도 하나, 본고에서는 정책의 세부내용이 무엇이고, 그 정책은 어떤 배경이 있었나를 검토한 것이다. 구체적 기초과학연구의 발전 연표를 작성하고, 이 연표에 속한 사건들이 가진 상황적인 나아가 정책적인 의미를 분석하는 방법을 택했다. 한국의 기초과학연구는 5기의 기간으로 구성됨과 핵심적으로 한 사건 15개가 있음을 보였다.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제27권
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• pp.97-136
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• 1997

Korea has good mutual relations with Russia and China in many fields, not just in science and technology, but also in trade. That is, it stands on a point of time in which an epoch-making turning point for mutual interests could be realized depending on how to join Russia's high technology with Korea's industrial technology with capital, or how to connect Korean -Chinese mutual concern and each other's advanced technology. The purpose of this study is to present scientific and technical information management policy for efficient su n.0, pport for technical cooperation with Russia and China. Bearing this purpose in mind, the concept of technical cooperation along with scientific and technical information management policy was closely examined. The correlation between the progress of technology and the type of scientific and technical information was examined, while the flow of scientific and technical information accompanying technical cooperation was studied. The methodology adopted for this study includes document research, empirical analysis and fact-finding survey. For document research, the writer analyzed the contents of scientific and technical information managing operations and the types of information to be utilized in the course of technical cooperation by examining domestic and foreign documents on international technical cooperation. For empirical analysis, the contents of actual results of scientific and technical information managing operations for technical cooperation with Russia and China were put in order and analyzed, while contents of survey conducted by organizations related to these countries for technical cooperation were synthesized and examined for fact -finding survey.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.315-329
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• 2016

Public R&D investment information has diverse implications for researching R&D trends. Also, as it is important for the establishment of R&D policy to grasp the current situation and trends of R&D to improve science and technology level, science and technology information service system, such as NTIS (National Science & Technology Information Service), is operated at a national level in most countries. However, since the data forms provided by current NTIS are raw data, it is necessary to develop the R&D performance indicator or to use additional scientometric methods by analyzing scientific papers or scientific R&D project information for grasping R&D trends or analyzing R&D task results. Thus, this study applied public R&D investment information to investigate and monitor R&D trends in the field of information & communication technology (ICT) of meteorology and climatology by using NTIS data of Korea and NSF (National Science Foundation) data of USA.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.21-33
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• 2016

A sustainable development in science, innovation, and technology requires a balanced distribution of scientific wealth in sub-country regions. This paper addresses the issue of geographical distribution of scientific wealth and its goal is to offer a framework to describe and measure the share of provinces in national scientific wealth. Our proposed model divides the indicators of scientific wealth into two groups, production and the use of scientific wealth. To evaluate this model, the scientific wealth of Iran was studied using recorded data on IRANDOC databases. Rich, average, and poor provinces were identified and the results showed that 70% of the scientific wealth belongs to 20% of the provinces. The findings can facilitate planning for a sustainable science and technology policy.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.115-121
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• 2022

Purpose: This article aims to explore the distribution of technological innovation and environmental policy challenges to respond to COVID-19. The study also attempts to tackle a paradigm shift in science and technology policies against the pandemic and a desirable direction for environmental policies. The COVID-19 pandemic has been the one that rapidly changed global people's lifestyle. For the spread of a terrible infectious disease could not be avoided, regardless of a highly industrialized society. Research design, data and methodology: This study basically employs a qualitative approach as a methodology. This study is based on the fact that environmental pollution, various natural disasters continuously occur, and there are many unforeseeable parts, despite remarkable development of scientific technology, and that the circumstances are becoming more complex. Results: This study noted that scientific technology civilization formed due to industrial revolutions can deteriorate environment and increase environmental threat factors. As an alternative to this, this study investigates alternative discussions on how the 4th Industrial Revolution can help scientific technology and human environment to harmoniously coexist and develop. Conclusions: It implies that this study focuses on the possibility of overcoming this crisis through science and technology innovation, although mankind is in crisis of COVID-19 due to excessive human development.

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.1027-1059
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• 2005

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the dynamic characteristics of innovation sources such as scientific knowledges, processing technologies and user's needs in advanced metals technology. The journal articles data of four advanced materials are analyzed; amorphous metals, superplastic materials, shape memory alloys and aluminum-lithium alloy. Some regularities are found from the analysis of the four materials. The innovation proceeds through close interactions among the innovation sources. As the innovation proceeds, the relative importance of each source changes: scientific knowledge initiates the innovation and becomes the most important source in the first phase, then the processing technologies increase importance in the second phase, and then scientific knowledge, again, becomes the leading factor of innovation. Scientific knowledge and processing technology take turns leading the innovation. The impacts of users' needs to the innovation increase more and more as innovation proceeds. The results of analysis imply to the policy makers that emphasis of policy, and therefore the allocation of sources for innovation, should vary along the phases in the life cycle of advanced metals technology.

• STI Policy Review
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.41-61
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• 2017

The literature in research policy extensively addresses the interaction between public R&D and the society. Scholars have paid particular attention to the way science and technology are diffused into the society and industry with the aim of substantiating their potential value. In practice, having recognized the importance of the said interaction, R&D entities and governmental organizations promote scientific and technological innovations that result from their R&D activities. Yet, the nature of news media exposure as their primary channel to promote R&D outcomes has been remarkably understudied. Using the results of R&D projects supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF), this study examines R&D entities' strategic use of the news media to publicize their outcomes. The empirical results suggest that the scale of an R&D project positively affects the counts of media exposure of its R&D outcomes, whereas the level of technology readiness and the technology life-cycle do not have significant influence. In addition, the results suggest that, compared to senior researchers, young researchers are more likely to publicize their R&D outcomes and that R&D outcomes from highly ranked universities are more likely to be publicized than those from lower-ranking universities despite our control for R&D outcomes. The aforementioned results suggest that in promoting the diffusion of science and technology, especially to the public, policymakers should be concerned about incentives for those who provide techno-scientific information, such as researchers. The social need for the diffusion of techno-scientific information into the public (e.g., technology transfer and diffusion) is an insignificant factor in determining the media exposure of such information, whereas personal benefits and sensitive issues related to a researcher's own R&D activities (e.g., justification for R&D activities) drive researchers to publicize their R&D outcomes. This paper suggests that policymakers, especially those concerned with better diffusion of scientific and technological innovations need to design a proper incentive system to maximize the societal benefits of media exposure.