• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.143-150
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• 1992

The purpose of this study is to obtain the effective concentration of capsaicin to relieve pain with no change in the number of C-fibers and its effective duration for pain relief. Capsaicin has been used extremely as a experimental tool and as topical medications for acute or chronic tissue injuries and partial nerve injury is the main cause of causalgiform pain disorders in humans. Here, the left sciatic nerve was ligated unilaterally at the high level of the thigh to prepare an animal model of this pain condition. The rat developed guarding behavior of the ipsilateral hind paw within a few hours after the operation and this behavior was maintained for several months thereafter, suggesting the possibility of spontaneous pain. These animals were divided into two groups(4-week & 8-week) and each group was subdivided into five groups by different concentration (0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 & 2.0%). Each capsaicin concentration was treated locally on the spinal cord-side of the ligated nerve and the foot withdrawal latency was measured. Thereafter, the dorsal roots of L5 were removed from both sides immediately after in tracardial perfusion for the counting of C-fibers by the histological procedure. There were no significant differences in the foot-withdrawal latency and the number of C-fibers between the left side treated with 0.05% capsaicin and the right side treated with the vehicle. However, latencies of the left sides treated with 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0% capsaicin increased significantly throughout 4-6 weeks with almost no change in the number of C-fibers, and the latencies showed the trends to approach slowly to those of the conditions after operation. The latency of subgroup treated with 2.0% increased by approximate 10% more than that of the right side throughout 8 weeks, and the number of C-fibers decreased by about 30% or more These results suggest that the elevated latency with capsaicin(0.1-1.0%) treatment is due to the inhibition of impulse transmission throughout the primary afferent fiber and the data from 2.0% are due to partial destruction of C-fibers. Therefore, capsaicin concentrations from 0.1% to 1.0% are probably very effective for the treatment of causalgiform pain with almost no destruction of C-fibers.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.347-353
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• 2010

Objective : Iliac screw fixation has been used to prevent premature loosening of sacral fixation and to provide more rigid fixation of the sacropelvic unit. We describe our technique for iliac screw placement and review our experience with this technique. Methods : Thirteen consecutive patients who underwent spinopelvic fixation using iliac screws were enrolled. The indications for spinopelvic fixation included long segment fusions for spinal deformity and post-operative flat-back syndrome, symptomatic pseudoarthrosis of previous lumbosacral fusions, high-grade lumbosacral spondylolisthesis, lumbosacral tumors, and sacral fractures. Radiographic outcomes were assessed using plain radiographs, and computed tomographic scans. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and questionnaire about buttock pain. Results : The median follow-up period was 33 months (range, 13-54 months). Radiographic fusion across the lumbosacral junction was obtained in all 13 patients. The average pre- and post-operative ODI scores were 40.0 and 17.5, respectively. The questionnaire for buttock pain revealed the following : 9 patients (69%) perceived improvement; 3 patients (23%) reported no change; and 1 patient (7.6%) had aggravation of pain. Two patients complained of prominence of the iliac hardware. The complications included one violation of the greater sciatic notch and one deep wound infection. Conclusion : Iliac screw fixation is a safe and valuable technique that provides added structural support to S1 screws in long-segment spinal fusions. Iliac screw fixation is an extensive surgical procedure with potential complications, but high success rates can be achieved when it is performed systematically and in appropriately selected patients.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.104-121
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• 2020

Objectives : Since neuropathic pain shows a variety of symptoms via various mechanisms, there are many difficulties in treatment and various treatments have been tried. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Araliae Continentalis Radix pharmacopuncture (ACR) on neuropathic pain. Methods : After dividing the white rats into six groups, the sciatic nerves of five groups except the normal group were excised to induce neuropathic pain. Except normal and control group, the other four groups were given: saline (Saline group), ACR 1.100 mg/kg (ACR 1 group), ACR 2.743 mg/kg (ACR 2 group), and ACR 5.486 mg/kg (ACR 3 group) at GB30, twice a week for a total of six times in three weeks. Withdrawal response react time and force intensity, c-Fos, TNF-α, IL-6, and IFN-γ were observed to investigate the efficacy of ACR in each group. Body weight, WBC, RBC, HGB, PLT, AST, ALT, BUN, and Cr changes were observed to check the safety of ACR. Results : Both withdrawal response react time & force intensity were significantly increased in the ACR2 and ACR3 groups at 3 weeks. C-Fos tended to decrease in all ACR groups and significantly decreased in ACR3 group. In blood serum, TNF-α showed a tendency to decrease in all ACR groups and a significant decrease in ACR3 group. But IL-6 and IFN-γ did not change significantly in all experimental groups. In the spinal cord, IFN-γ was significantly decreased in the ACR3 group. But TNF-α and IL-6 were not significantly changed in all experimental groups. Body weight was not changed significantly in all experimental groups. RBC increased significantly in ACR2 group, HGB increased in ACR3 group, and PLT increased significantly in all experimental groups. ALT significantly decreased in ACR1 group, and there were no significant changes in AST, BUN, and Cr in all experimental groups. Conclusions : At high concentrations, ACR pharmacopuncture reduced c-Fos, and TNF-α in the blood serum and IFN-γ in the spinal cord thereby suppressed allodynia. More in-depth studies about pharmacopuncture concentration or mechanism are needed.

• 대한정형외과학회지
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2017

목적: 근위 경비골 및 상완골 절제 시 문제점은 알려져 있으나 소전자부 주위 골연골종의 임상상 및 수술 접근법에 대한 연구는 미약하다. 대상 및 방법: 소전자부 주위 골연골종으로 수술한 환자 13명의 증상 및 증상기간, 종양위치, 축상면상 돌출방향, 크기, 수술 접근법 및 장요근 손상 여부, 접근법에 따른 합병증을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 결과: 증상은 운동 및 보행 시 통증이 7예, 저림 및 방사통이 6예였다. 증상기간은 평균 19개월이었고 평균 크기는 120 ml였다. 후내 측으로 돌출된 종괴 5예에서 도달법은 후외방접근법 3예, 전방접근법 1예, 내측접근법 1예였다. 전내측 종괴 4예는 전방접근법으로 절제하였다. 전내측 및 후내측으로 돌출된 2예는 내측접근법 1예, 전방접근법이 1예였다. 후내측 돌출된 2예를 내측접근법으로 수술 후 피질골 결손으로 내고정술을 시행하였다. 후내측 돌출이 심한 1예에서 전방도달법 절제 후 좌골신경마비로 신경탐색술을 시행하였고 6개월 후 자연 회복되었다. 결론: 소전자부 주위 골연골종이 크고 후방돌출이 심하면 좌골신경 압박을 의심해야 한다. 내측도달법은 종양이 작을 때만 유용하고 전내측 돌출 및 경부에 있을 때 전방도달법이 유리하다. 후방돌출이 심한 큰 종괴에서 후방도달법이 신경손상을 최소화할 수 있는 방법이다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.237-243
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• 2004

Glial cells are activated in neuropathy and play a key role in hyperalgesia and allodynia. This study was performed to determine whether minocycline could attenuate heat hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia, and how glial cell activation and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) were regulated by minocycline in a model of chronic constriction of sciatic nerve (CCl). When minocycline (50 mg/kg, oral) was daily administered from 1 day before to 9 days after ligation, heat hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia were attenuated. Furthermore, when minocycline treatment was initiated 1 or 3 days after ligation, attenuation of the hypersensitive behavior was still robust. However, the effect of attenuation was less when minocycline was started from day 5. In order to elucidate the mechanism of pain attenuation by minocycline, we examined the changes of glia and NF-kappaB, and found that attenuated hyperalgesia and allodynia by minocycline was accompanied by reduced microglial activation. Furthermore, the number of NF-kappaB immunoreactive cells increased after CCI treatment and this increase was attenuated by minocycline. We also observed translocation of NF-kappaB into the nuclei of activated glial cells. These results suggest that minocycline inhibits activation of glial cells and NF-kappaB, thereby attenuating the development of behavioral hypersensitivity to stimuli.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.749-761
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of V-trac on the clinical characteristics of patients who suffered from HIVD. The data were collected from 500 cases who had lumbar disc problems, from August, 1993 to July, 1995. The results of study were as follows; 1. Total patients statistics; mean age is 38 years, average duration of symptom is 5.4 years. 2. Symptomatic effects; HNP is 89.5 %, spinal stenosis is 55.1 %, and mean effects of total symptom is 80.0 %. 3. Pain relief effects; 1st session is 85.0 %, 7 th sessions are 89.3 %. 4. Back muscle improved effects; 10 sessions are 25.6 % rather than 1st session patients. 5. Sciatic scoliosis correction effect; Corrected scoliosis is improved 86.6 % by the 14 sessions V-trac. 6. Psychological effects; mental vigour is 51.2 %, emotional stability is 57.4 %, well-being is 72.5 %, comfortable sleeping is 60.2 %. 7. Follow-up states after V-trac therapy; Good conditions are 72.0 %, less conditions are 28.0 % after 1 month.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.79-88
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• 2006

X-선상(線像) 배수혈 진단을 통한 요각통의 침구(鍼灸) 치험 3례(例)로 다음과 같은 지견을 얻었다. 1. 요배통의 치료에 단순 x-ray 영상을 한의학적으로 활용할 수 있다. 2. 단순 x-ray 영상의 척추분절 극돌기의 아탈구(subluxation)는 해당되는 배수혈 및 경락의 병변으로 진단될 수 있다. 3. 아탈구(subluxation)된 극돌기의 배수혈에 해당되는 경락의 합혈과 원혈을 사용할 경우 진단된 배수혈 수준의 척추분절이 교정될 수 있다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.253-258
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• 2008

Somatostatin (SOM) is a widely distributed peptide in the central nervous system and exerts a variety of hormonal and neural actions. Although SOM is assumed to play an important role in spinal nociceptive processing, its exact function remains unclear. In fact, earlier pharmacological studies have provided results that support either a facilitatory or inhibitory role for SOM in nociception. In the current study, the effects of SOM were investigated using anesthetized cats. Specifically, the responses of rostrally projecting spinal dorsal horn neurons (RPSDH neurons) to different kinds of noxious stimuli (i.e., heat, mechanical and cold stimuli) and to the $A{\delta}$ -and C-fiber activation of the sciatic nerve were studied. Iontophoretically applied SOM suppressed the responses of RPSDH neurons to noxious heat and mechanical stimuli as well as to C-fiber activation. Conversely, it enhanced these responses to noxious cold stimulus and $A{\delta}$-fiber activation. In addition, SOM suppressed glutamate-evoked activities of RPSDH neurons. The effects of SOM were blocked by the SOM receptor antagonist cyclo-SOM. These findings suggest that SOM has a dual effect on the activities of RPSDH neurons; that is, facilitation and inhibition, depending on the modality of pain signaled through them and its action site.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.59-69
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• 2001

Objective : The aim of this study is to assess the ability of the CPT test to dignosis radiculopathy in Korean with NeuvalTM CPT database. Method : Electrical stimulation(at 2000, 250, and 5Hz) using Neurometer was applied to the 19 patients who felt back and sciatic pain with herniated intervertevral disc(HIVD) of L-spine, dignosisd by lumbar CT or MRI, and the 33 patients who felt only back or hip or leg pain without HIVD, stenosis, spondylolisthesis which causing radiculopathy. The test sites were toe1, toe3 and toe5 related to L4, L5 and S1 nerve roots. Results : The mean values of the CPT of HIVD group was stiatically lower than LBP group at toe1-250Hz, toe3-2000Hz, 250Hz and toe5-250Hz, 5Hz. The grading CPT score of HIVD group was stastically higher than LBP group at the toe3(L5). The VAS of HIVD group was stastically higher than LBP group. Conclusion : These results suggest that the CPT test can be a valuable testing for diagnosing radiculopathy in Korean. In using CPT test further study is needed for the diagnosis and evaluation of sensory nerve dysfunction in the musculoskeletal disease.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.53-66
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• 2021

Objectives The purpose of this scoping review is to investigate the trends and gaps in existing research on neural mobilization in Korea and to suggest further directions for study. Methods A scoping review was sequentially conducted according to the five steps outlined by Arksey and O'Malley, and the PRISMA-ScR checklist. We searched five domestic databases (RISS, DBpia, KISS, ScienceON, and KMBASE) and identified relevant literature reported until April 15, 2021. The key search terms used were "Neural mobilization" and "Neurodynamic". Results Of the 1383 studies identified in the search, 50 were finally selected. Of these, 45 studies were in the field of medicine and pharmacy and physical therapy as the most common sub-field. Thirty-eight of the 50 studies (76%) were randomized controlled trials. Neural mobilization was most frequently used in the treatment of stroke (n = 13) and of various neuromusculoskeletal diseases such as cervical radiculopathy (n = 8) and low back pain (n = 5). The main targets of neural mobilization were the median nerve (n = 20) and sciatic nerve (n = 14). The most commonly used technique for neural mobilization was that developed by Butler and Jones in 1991 (n = 10). Conclusions This is the first scoping review of neural mobilization in Korea. We believe that further research on neural mobilization with other types of research design is necessary to investigate the utility of neural mobilization and to establish standard protocols. Our findings indicate that neural mobilization can be considered as an intervention for neuromusculoskeletal diseases in Korean medicine.