• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.502-514
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• 2006

This Study was carried out to find out regional differences about dietary life and factors associated with meal of school children and adolescents between urban and rural area. Forty students from each of the nationwide 51 schools of three different levels(elementary, middle and high school) were surveyed by self-developed questionnaires. Total of 1,886 questionnaires (1,243 from urban and 681 from rural) were collected and distribution of subjects was 544 from elementary school, 661 from middle school, and 681 from high school. The results were summarized as follows. BMI and degree of satisfaction on body weight of elementary and middle school subjects were not significantly different between urban and rural area. But there were significant regional differences in $BMI(urban\;21.2{\pm}3.0,\;rural\;20.5{\pm}2.8,\;p<0.05)$ and degree of satisfaction on body weight of high school subjects(p<0.001). Elementary(p<0.01) and middle school(p<0.05) subjects in urban area had exercised more frequently than those in rural area. Regularity of having breakfast was not significantly different between urban and rural area at each of three different levels of school. Most subjects(urban 92.2%, rural 92.1%) had lunch regularly by virtue of school lunch service. Regularity of having dinner of elementary(p<0.01) and high school subjects (p<0.01) was significantly different between urban and rural area. Reason for skipping dinner of high school subjects was significantly different between urban and rural area (p<0.05). The most delicious meal was dinner for 51.8% of the urban high school subjects and lunch for 51.7% of the rural subjects. Only one third had intention of participating in school breakfast program regardless of region and levels of school. The findings suggested that nutrition education programs for school children and adolescents include different strategy according to region and levels of schools.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.57-72
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• 2001

This study was designed to investigate the relationships among adolescent′s study load, peer relationships, school violence and their level of satisfaction with school life. Its purpose was not only to identify and describe their overall school life, but most importantly, to provide baseline data to develop intervention programs that shall improve the level of adolescents′satisfaction with school life. The analysis of data revealed the following results: 1. Adolescents felt highly stressed by their studies. The mean score was 3.40 out of 5 points. 2. Adolescents were highly intimate and relatively low confident with their friends, 4.28 and 3.82 respectively. 3. Approximately half of the respondents(45.4%) had an experience of making their classmates feel "exclusive". In connection, 27% had been involved in school violence. 4. The mean score of adolescents′ level of satisfaction with school life was 2.33. The resets of the study also revealed that students in the rural areas are more satisfied with their school life than in Seoul area Similarly, those in vocational schools are more satisfied than those in regular schools.

• 한국노년학
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.291-307
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• 2009

This study investigated the family network of elderly and its effects on the subjective life satisfaction in Rural Area. In order to classify the family network, the authors used the analysis technique of social network including to a spouse, children and grandchildren. In addition, the authors described basic characteristics of family network on the family type, interaction frequency, and interaction content. And then family network typified four types by K-means cluster analysis method according to characteristics of family network and examined difference on life satisfaction of the elderly persons according to the type of family network. The major results were as following. First, the elderly did contact his/her children often, emotional support revealed that highest support expectation of elderly. Second, The family network of elderly could be typified four types ; 'relation estranged type', 'children-grandchildren centered type', 'family dependent type', 'couples centered type' and statistically significant difference showed in life satisfaction according to each type. The result, in the 'couples centered type', the life satisfaction was highest; on the contrary, 'relation estranged type', it was lowest. Third, Influencing factors on life satisfaction of the old person were economic conditions, physical conditions, education level, sex, more frequent contacts with grandchild, emotional support expectation of spouses. The results of this study suggest that social welfare political and institutional efforts are needed to improve the relationship between older persons and their children, grandchildren and spouses and life satisfaction of the elderly.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.22-31
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• 2003

The project to improve the structure of village has been conducted in order to improve the residential environment since 1960's. Also, with the rural exodus and the aged population in a rural area during the rapid change of social structure in our country, the old people's problem in a rural area became a problem beyond the welfare of the old age. Moreover, as the role of old people who established their position as the subject of social & economic activities in a rural area gradually increases, an attention to problems related on old people also increases. Especially, the leisure life of old people can be an important factor on the type of leisure life of old people in a cultural village and the demands for facilities for old people by studying the present situation of facilities for old people and the actual situation of their use in a welfare center.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.60 no.4
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• pp.31-53
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• 2008

This study intends to verify the poverty characteristics of the rural elderly households so as to provide more specific data for the intervention of social welfare in the improvement of quality of life of the rural elderly. According to my study of the absolute poverty ratio, the poverty gap, the relative poverty ratio, the subjective poverty ratio, the subjective economic level and the life satisfaction level of the rural elderly households in comparison with those of the other groups, the conclusion is as follows: First, the total living cost of the rural elderly households is rather low with the food cost taking about 30% of the total living cost. Second, in terms of the poverty ratio based on socio-demographic characteristics, higher poverty ratio show among women, older people and households of fewer members. Third, 82.2% of the rural elderly households living with an income below the minimum living cost is found around the poverty line. Fourth, the rural elderly households show a comparatively higher poverty ratio than the other groups in the absolute and relative poverty, but lower economic strain than other groups in the subjective poverty ratio and life satisfaction level. In short, the rural elderly households' poverty level is generally high and therefore need ways of active economic supports, while a political approach to the subjective needs of the regional and intergenerational groups is also required.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.105-113
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• 2014

This study analyzed settlement motivation, life satisfaction factors, policy requirement targeting return farmers on mountain village. 8 target villages where return farmers live at least 10 people were selected according as cooperation of the local governments through literature by considering the area of the whole country. The return farmers in target villages were conducted a face to face survey with village headman's pre-coordination from February to September 2013. A total of 94 surveys were performed and 87 copies were used in the analysis. According to the results, the most important factor influenced the decision to be a return farmer was "my family health(3.97)". The correlation analysis was performed to examine factors related with satisfaction of "return farmer life in general". The result showed that "change of physical health" was the most important correlativity with 0.544 correlation coefficient and 0.05 significant level and "family relationship" was followed with 0.424 correlation coefficient and 0.05 significant level. According to the "important factor for the successful return-farmer life", 42.7% of respondents chose "harmonious relationships with local residents" and "stable source of income" was chosen by 29.3% of residents. A questionnaire for the analysis of policy requirements showed that "education system related Forestry(Agriculture)" was the highest demand with 4.oo points. The result can be used as a basis for establishing policies with activation of mountain villages to attract to constantly increasing population of return farmers.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.131-141
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• 2010

As a basic life-supporting infra in modem life, road should carry out various functions; transport, public linear network service, open activity space. Case study villages were divided into plan-based improved one(3 subtypes) and not one(4 subtypes). On total 21 case study villages($3{\times}7$ subtypes), questionnaire surveys were performed. Villagers' satisfaction level to road conditions in the plan-based improved villages showed much higher than not improved ones, which means that improvement of village roads be a vital subject in level-up of quality of rural life. Traffic function of village roads was responded as a principal one, while other various functions as between-villagers communication, car-parking and accommodation of public utilities were also required. In this viewpoint, village roads should be multi-purposedly developed in future. So, it was concluded that the road improvement strength would vary with geographical and topographical conditions of each village. Although villagers' unsatisfaction level on road service was very high, their demand level of and supporting will toward road improvement works have continuously increased, so, it would be considered to be the very time that full-fledged village road improvement policy be initiated.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.383-392
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between marital satisfaction and the quality of life for women and men who live in a rural area in Korea through an international marriage. Methods: A descriptive correlational research design was used. Ninety-one women and 56 men were surveyed from May 1st., 2007 to April 6th., 2008. Data were analyzed by t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and Fisher's exact test. Two types of questionnaires were used: Marital satisfaction scale (MSS) and WHO quality of life-brief (WHOQOL-BREF). Result: There is a gap between men's age and women's in the average of their marriage ; 37 vs 24. In addition, men's marital satisfaction was much higher than women's (t =2.16, p=.032) and quality of life was also higher than women's (t=-0.85, p=.005). According to this survey, therefore, it has been shown that there is a positive correlation between marital satisfaction and the quality of life (r =.435, p<.001). Conclusion: In order to improve the quality of life, marital satisfaction should be promoted by practical family nursing programs and it is necessary for the internationally married women to be continuously provided with language education and cultural awareness.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.641-651
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• 2017

This study aimed to identify factors that promote participation of rural women in community activities. A total of 466 rural women (effective recovery rate 84.6%) residing in rural areas from October 10 to October 14 in 2016 were surveyed. The main results of the study are as follows. First, the highest participation of rural women in community activities involved women farmers' organizations, which also showed the highest satisfaction. The purpose of their participation in community activities was for community service. Second, there were differences in participation among groups according to individual factors such as age, annual income, and occupation as well as value factors such as sense of community and life satisfaction. Third, with higher age and income and sense of community, rural women were more likely to participate in community activities.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.328-340
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• 2012

Purpose: This study explored the degree of internet addiction and its influencing factors in lower grade elementary school children in rural areas. Methods: Subjects included 1,137 elementary school children. A structured questionnaire consisting of questions internet addiction, family function and school life satisfaction was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$-test, ANOVA and Correlation and Regression were performed using a SPSS program. Results: Among the subjects, 85.8% were regular users, 8.1% were potential risk users, and 6.1% were high-risk users. Career of internet use, daily internet access time, the number of conversations per week, the number of times spent eating out and traveling with parents within the last month and activities with friends, and satisfaction on school life differed significantly according to the degree of internet addiction. Finally, among the factors studied, daily internet access time, conversations within family, activities with friends and school life satisfaction in children in early elementary school was 20.7% of the explanatory power of the subjects' degree of internet addiction, collectively. Conclusion: Use of the internet by early elementary school children should be monitored and strategies to promote familial conversations, activities with peers and school life satisfaction should be developed.