• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
• /
• v.48 no.4
• /
• pp.567-580
• /
• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to present a preferred parts list, establish a search tool for common parts, and propose a development plan for parts management. Methods: When selecting the preferred parts list, the weight of the selection of the military parts and the online site of the civilian parts were taken into account. By establishing a database of selected preferred parts list, we have established a system for searching common parts. Results: The results of this study are as follows; In order to establish parts management work in Korea's defense, it is necessary to improve the Defense Acquisition Program Act, Enforcement Decree (Rules), and the Regulations for Defense Acquisition Program Administration. Development of performance indicators for parts management is required, and establishment of procedures and standards for selection of preferred parts lists is required. Considerations for the selection of preferred parts list include whether they are used a lot in civilian products, whether they are used a lot, whether they are certified suppliers, whether they are national and industrial standard products, whether they perform well considering reliability, durability, and quality, and whether they can be supplied continuously. Conclusion: It is necessary to establish policies and systems related to parts management and to establish criteria for selecting preferred parts list for the development of domestic parts management tasks.

• The Journal of Dong Guk Oriental Medicine
• /
• v.4
• /
• pp.25-52
• /
• 1995

'Sang Han Lon' became the sources for treatment and prescription in the Oriental medicine. After that, for some 1800 years the various writings for studying in many ways more than 1000 books which many old sages really intended to inquire into and study the value of books. It is considered that it is the result which the old sages tried to grope for many-sided directions in order to understand 'Sang Han Lon'. In this study, I tried to inquire into prescription and its relevant medicinal substances, that is to say, the crystalization of the physiology, pathology and treating method on the basis of the academic sources of his thoughts. The method to approach is "from what basis of thought system was 'Sang Han Lon' derived first of all?" Secondly, how was the thought system, which became the basis of 'Sang Han Lon', applied to concretely? I studied on the basis of the above important two problems. It is well known to everybody that 'Sang Han Lon' succeeded to the tradition of Naekyung(內經) as well as Cwuyek(周易, Chinese classic on divination). Besides, I inquired into and arrived at conclusion as follows that how the viewpoint on the balance(平衡觀), which was one of the common point between. Cwuyek(周易) and medical science in case of the 'Sanghan prescription'(傷寒方), was applied to concretely. 1. In naming, it is considered that from the same interconnection which the common point with Cwuyek(周易) was the same as obtaining the imigination(取象), the imagination was obtained and was named. 2. In case of being concerned in the gastro-intestinal track, namely, the core of the balance and harmony with the balance and harmony being emphasized, '理中'(It implies 'taking care of gasstro-intestinal track')" and '建中'(It implies 'establishing of gastro-intestinal track'), that is to say, '中'(It implies 'taking care of' & 'establishing of gastro-intestinal track') was emphasized much more. 3. In case of treatment taking advantage of three kinds of medicine in draught, powder and pills in the prescription, while treating during adjusting the slowness and fastness, I maintained the harmony not to damage the righteousness(正氣). 4. In case of the prescription, when exhaling(發散), astringing(收斂), loosing bowels, protecting the gastro-intestinal track and vomitting, he used the medicinal sustances in order to protect the gastro-intestinal track and treated not to damage the righteousness. 5. Especially, in case of the prescription in order to adjust the negative and positive principle of inside-outside(素囊陰陽), he composed of medicinal substances relevant to hot, cold, spicy and sour(寒熱辛酸) in conformity with the prescription and I paid much more attention to the one-sided treatment. Considering the various prescriptions, it is regarded that the adjusting prescription is kept its balance. 6. In the way of processing the medicinal substances in order to change effect of medicine in conformity with the reenactment, he tried to plan the balance of '一升一降' with the decrease of RHEI RADIX ET RHIZOMA(大黃) and increase of wine. 7. In boiling the medicine, he boiled the composed medicine in the time sequence for the purpose of adjusting the slowness and fastness and adapted to harmony of the negative and positive principle(陰陽調和) on the essence function(體峻用純). 8. In taking medicine, he tried to reduce the time of taking the medicine in case of being boiled slowly and tried to increase the dosage and eventually he planned the balance of one time slowness and one time fastness. As I inquired into the above result, a few steps for protecting method to boil the relevant medicinal substances, how to take the medicine and how to process the composed medicinal substances in order to change the effect of medicine can make the human body, which the disease penetrate into, go forward to the righteousness(正氣) and what is much beter, it is considered that this protecting method can be a carefully considerable one in order to protect the righteousness and can subdue the disease, not to damage the gastro-intestinal track and there can exist the viewpoint of balance(平衡觀) on its core.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
• /
• v.13 no.2 s.17
• /
• pp.107-107
• /
• 2000

1. Ounyukki(五運六氣) theory was first developed from observation of astronomical phenomena. Natural phenomena were explained and incorporated into the concepts of Yukki(六氣), and Ohaeng(五行, the concept that all matter in the world are comprised of five fundamental elements), during Chon-guk(戰國) and Han(漢) periods. In that period. Kanji(干支, the method to present time with ten and twelve different kinds of symbol's combinations) was used to record Ounyukki(五運六氣). Theoretical study of Un-gi(運氣, the abbreviation of Ounyukki) was almost completed in Un-gichilpyon(運氣七篇) of Naekyong(內經). Un-gi(運氣) theory was further studied and considered to be very important socially, as well as medically, in Tang(唐), Song(宋), Kum(金), and Won(元) periods. Hagan(河間) published various studies based on Un-gi(運氣) theory in Kum won(金元) periods. 2. Hagan(河間) realized the limitation of a remedy method, of Sanghan(傷寒) theory. Therefore, he made an assumption that the prevalence of diseases in his period are closely related to Hwayol(火熱, a fire and a super-heat; two things out of Yukki(六氣)). His new theory was a result of the study on Kyongjon(經典, bibles of the oriental medicine) and the phenomena of nature. 3. Hagan(河間) used a combination of two basic theories of Pimuripsang(比物立象) and Hanhaesungjeron(亢害承制論) to make understood Hwayol(火熱) theory, Pimuripsang(比物立象) theory explains a method to appreciate the essence of things by comparing Sang(象, an expression of how something appears on the outside) and then making another Sang(象) from the comparison. Hanhaesungjeron(亢害承制論) is a theory to emphasize the importance of a balance of Yukki(六氣). It is that, if one of the elements is exceeded, other thing in the other five elements dominate the exceeded thing to control it for the balance between Yukki(六氣). In addition, he articulated P'yobon(標本. inside and outside of a thing) theory to differentiate the disease symptoms. These theories will help to distinguish real and fake symptoms of diseases, on which Hagan(河間) emphasized its importance. 4. Hagan(河間) published a new theory to explain Ounyukki(五運六氣) theory based on the observation of the nature and the experience from medical practice. And he added Chobyonggi(燥病機, course and rule causing disease in dry conditions) to Pyonggishipkujo(病機十九條, nineteen course and rule causing disease), it strengthened Pyonggi(病機, course and rule causing disease) theories. Moreover. he utilized Un-gi (運氣) theory in a real life situation by applying Un-giron(運氣論) to diagnosis like Maekchin(脈診, a method to diagnose by taking the pulse) and to prescription. 5. Modern society is an era in which it is hard to appreciate the principles of the changes due to the various unusual weather. Therefore, it is necessary to make a new paradigm using Un-gi(運氣) theory, like Hagan(河間) did in Kumwon(金元) period. 6. Unusual weather changes and the geriatric diseases such as cancer and diabetes, may have Sang(象) of Hwayol(火熱) theory at the other side. These diseases have been and will create more serious problems in modern society. As a method to solve these problems. it seems to be very important to understand and apply Hagan's(河間) Hawyol(火熱) theory to modern society.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
• /
• v.13 no.2 s.17
• /
• pp.108-145
• /
• 2000

1. Ounyukki(五運六氣) theory was first developed from observation of astronomical phenomena. Natural phenomena were explained and incorporated into the concepts of Yukki(六氣), and Ohaeng(五行, the concept that all matter in the world are comprised of five fundamental elements), during Chon-guk(戰國) and Han(漢) periods. In that period. Kanji(干支, the method to present time with ten and twelve different kinds of symbol's combinations) was used to record Ounyukki(五運六氣). Theoretical study of Un-gi(運氣, the abbreviation of Ounyukki) was almost completed in Un-gichilpyon(運氣七篇) of Naekyong(內經). Un-gi(運氣) theory was further studied and considered to be very important socially, as well as medically, in Tang(唐), Song(宋), Kum(金), and Won(元) periods. Hagan(河間) published various studies based on Un-gi(運氣) theory in Kum won(金元) periods. 2. Hagan(河間) realized the limitation of a remedy method, of Sanghan(傷寒) theory. Therefore, he made an assumption that the prevalence of diseases in his period are closely related to Hwayol(火熱, a fire and a super-heat; two things out of Yukki(六氣)). His new theory was a result of the study on Kyongjon(經典, bibles of the oriental medicine) and the phenomena of nature. 3. Hagan(河間) used a combination of two basic theories of Pimuripsang(比物立象) and Hanhaesungjeron(亢害承制論) to make understood Hwayol(火熱) theory, Pimuripsang(比物立象) theory explains a method to appreciate the essence of things by comparing Sang(象, an expression of how something appears on the outside) and then making another Sang(象) from the comparison. Hanhaesungjeron(亢害承制論) is a theory to emphasize the importance of a balance of Yukki(六氣). It is that, if one of the elements is exceeded, other thing in the other five elements dominate the exceeded thing to control it for the balance between Yukki(六氣). In addition, he articulated P'yobon(標本. inside and outside of a thing) theory to differentiate the disease symptoms. These theories will help to distinguish real and fake symptoms of diseases, on which Hagan(河間) emphasized its importance. 4. Hagan(河間) published a new theory to explain Ounyukki(五運六氣) theory based on the observation of the nature and the experience from medical practice. And he added Chobyonggi(燥病機, course and rule causing disease in dry conditions) to Pyonggishipkujo(病機十九條, nineteen course and rule causing disease), it strengthened Pyonggi(病機, course and rule causing disease) theories. Moreover. he utilized Un-gi (運氣) theory in a real life situation by applying Un-giron(運氣論) to diagnosis like Maekchin(脈診, a method to diagnose by taking the pulse) and to prescription. 5. Modern society is an era in which it is hard to appreciate the principles of the changes due to the various unusual weather. Therefore, it is necessary to make a new paradigm using Un-gi(運氣) theory, like Hagan(河間) did in Kumwon(金元) period. 6. Unusual weather changes and the geriatric diseases such as cancer and diabetes, may have Sang(象) of Hwayol(火熱) theory at the other side. These diseases have been and will create more serious problems in modern society. As a method to solve these problems. it seems to be very important to understand and apply Hagan's(河間) Hawyol(火熱) theory to modern society.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2008

Jangjahwa(張子和) was influenced by "Hwangjenaegyeong(黃帝內經)" and Yuhagan(劉河間)'s theory, and other classics. Also, his clinical experience was helpful to theorize his thought. Thus, he improved medical theory by combining previous medical theory and his own experience. The essence of his thought is the importance of pathogenic Gi[邪氣] as the cause of disease and is Sambeop(三法) of Hantoha(汗吐下) as the methodology for removing pathogenic Gi[邪氣] away. He regarded pathogenic Gi as the cause of disease, and eliminated pathogenic Gi for the remedy. Namely, Sambeop(三法) of Hantoha(汗吐下) was selected as the best efficient method for driving pathogenic Gi away. Sambeop of Jangjahwa(張子和) have different meaning from previous one. Traditionally, Diaphoretic Therapy[汗法] was regarded as therapy for exogenous disease[外感病], and its effect was regarded as Balhanhaepyo(發汗解表). Emetic therapy[吐法] was throwing up Dameumsuksik(痰飮宿食) of stomach and above diaphragm. Purgation therapy[下法] means Tongbyeon(通便), Hajeok(下積), Sasil(瀉實), Chuksu(逐水) were regarded as therapy for Yangmyeongsiljeung(陽明實證) of Sanghan(傷寒). He submitted a new extensive concept of Sambeop adding traditional one, and expanded the application range of Sambeop. All methods, can cause circulation of Gihyeol(氣血) by opening the 'Hyeonbu(玄府)', like Moxibution therapy[灸薰], Steaming[蒸], Washing[洗],Heat therapy[慰], Cauterization[烙], Acupuncture therapy[鍼刺], Stone needling, Physical and breathing exercise[導引], Massage[按摩] were regarded as Diaphoretic Therapy[汗法]. Especially, he thought that Diaphoretic Therapy and venesection[瀉血] have same medical implication. If we examine the process of pushing out pathogenic Gi[邪氣] by means of Sambeop(三法), we can find the intermediation, that is circulation of Gihyeol(氣血). Its meaning is implied in the word of 'opening Hyeonbu(玄府)'. He thought that the circulation of Gihyeol(氣血) is the key to control health. Gihyeol(氣血) was circulated well under the physiological balance, but it was not circulated well under the invasion of pathogenic Gi[邪氣]. In other words, pathogenic Gi is the immediate cause of bad circulation of Gihyeol(氣血) and disease. Naturally, the doctor must remove pathogenic Gi that cause bad circulation for healing by means of Sambeop(三法). In my opinion, because the ultimate goal of Jangjahwa(張子和) was circulation of Gihyeol(氣血) by removing pathogenic Gi[邪氣], the concept of Sarnbeop(三法) could be expanded.