• 제목/요약/키워드: Safety and Health law

검색결과 252건 처리시간 0.032초

건설업 재해처리에 대한 환경 및 인식변화 고찰 (A Study about Circumstances and Perception of Construction Accident Compensation)

  • 홍성호;최진우
    • 한국건축시공학회지
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    • 제10권5호
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    • pp.69-74
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    • 2010
  • 건설현장에서 발생하는 재해는 산업재해보상보험으로 보상되는 것이 정상적인 방법이나 일부 재해는 발생사실을 은폐하여 건설업체나 현장에서 직접 보상하는 음성적인 방법인 ‘공상처리’를 하는 경우도 있다. 이러한 음성적인 방법은 공공 공사 입찰에 반영되는 PQ점수에서 가점을 받기위한 목적도 있으며, 향후 수주활동에 불이익을 당하지 않으려는 협력업체의 입장도 반영된 것으로 볼 수 있다. 일부는 재해율에 대한 건설업체의 약점을 알고 이를 이용하여 부당한 산재보상을 요구하는 경우도 있다고 한다. 본 연구는 건설현장의 재해가 미치는 영향과 환경을 알아보고, 이에 대한 건설공사 참여자의 인식을 조사하여 문제점 파악 및 대안 도출의 기초자료를 제공하는 것이다.

철도종합안전심사제도 개선을 위한 해외 심사제도 분석 (The Investigation of the Overseas Audit Systems for the Improvement of the Integrated Railroad Safety Audit System)

  • 오인택;이종석
    • 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국철도학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.719-728
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    • 2007
  • Recently the assurance of railroad safety is very important issue in KOREA because there are lots of changes in the railroad industries. The Railway Safety Act was established in order to cope with these changes effectively and prevent the railroad transportation accidents. According to this law, Korea Transportation Safety Authority (KOTSA) has been entrusted with 'Integrated Railroad Safety Audit (IRSA)' and has implemented the safety audit to the railroad operation agencies such as Korea Railroad (KORAIL) and the railroad facility management organization such as the Korea Rail Network Authority (KR Network). The target of IRSA is to establish the effective rail safety management system and to raise the safety level of the railroad operation and facility agencies by checking synthetically their performance of safety duties with sincerity according to the Railway Safety Act. The purpose of this paper is to improve the efficiency of IRSA by the comparative research between IRSA and other similar safety audit system. To study the efficiency of IRSA, we investigated the rail safety audit systems of EU system specially France, England where the big changes have happened for the rail operation concepts and Japan where government entity control the railroad safety. The international standards of Occupational Health & Safety Assessment Series (OHSAS 18001), Quality Management System (ISO 9001) and Guidelines for Quality and/or Environmental Management Systems Auditing (ISO 19011) are investigated.

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보호출산제 시행과 젠더 및 보건의료 이슈 (Gender and healthcare issues related to the Protected Birth Act in Korea)

  • 정지아
    • 여성건강간호학회지
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    • 제30권2호
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    • pp.101-106
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    • 2024
  • This paper discusses the implications of the birth notification system and the Protected Birth Act in Korea. Aiming to prevent infanticide and abandonment of infants, the law will enter into force on July 19, 2024 in South Korea. The birth notification system mandates that both parents and the head of the medical institution where the birth occurred must report the event. In parallel, the Protected Birth Act will be implemented, allowing pregnant women in crisis who wish to remain anonymous, the option to give birth outside of a hospital setting in a way that safeguards the life and health of the child. However, many issues are being raised in Korean society in advance of the implementation of the Protected Birth Act. There is widespread concern that the Protected Birth Act fails to protect either women or children, especially as it raises issues regarding the need for legislation to protect children with disabilities and to address gaps for migrant women and children. This paper examines the gender and healthcare issues relating to the Protected Birth Act, focusing on women's health and human rights. The Act continues to perpetuate discrimination against out-of-wedlock pregnancies and upholds the ideology of the traditional family model. Furthermore, the legislative process did not address protective measures for the various reasons behind child abandonment. Critical issues such as women's autonomy, safe pregnancy termination, and paternal responsibility in childbirth are also notably absent. However, with the Act set to take effect soon, it is crucial for healthcare providers to comprehend the rationale and procedures associated with birth notification and the Protected Birth Act, and to prepare for its nationwide implementation. The law defines the socially vulnerable as its main beneficiaries, and it is necessary to strengthen social safety nets to improve their access to healthcare, eliminate prejudice and discrimination against out-of-wedlock pregnancies, and embrace the diversity of our society. We eagerly anticipate future discussions on gender and healthcare issues, as well as amendments to the law that reflect real-world circumstances to provide genuine protection for pregnant women in crisis and their infants.

파라크실렌과 에폭시수지 혼합물의 인화점에 관한 연구 (Flash Point of p-xylene and Epoxy Resins Mixtures)

  • 윤희승;강민호;하동명;정국삼
    • 한국안전학회지
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    • 제15권3호
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    • pp.78-82
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    • 2000
  • The flash point is an important property and hazardous index of a flammable liquid. The flash points are used by virtually all the environmental, health, and safety organizations in both government and industry to classify flammable liquids for safety and transportation regulations. The basics of all flash points behavior are concerned with the vapor pressure and explosive limits. The flash points of pure components and the mixture of solvents can be calculated with the use of the laws of Raoult, Dalton and Le Chatelier. In this paper, experimentally determined lower flash points of a p-xylene and epoxy resin system were compared with the calculated values by using Raoults law. Calculated lower flash points were in reasonable agreement with the observed values.

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Knowledge and Experiences of Risks among Pupils in Vocational Education

  • Andersson, Ing-Marie;Gunnarsson, Kristina;Rosen, Gunnar;Aberg, Marie Mostrom
    • Safety and Health at Work
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    • 제5권3호
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    • pp.140-146
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    • 2014
  • Background: Young male and female workers are over-represented in statistics concerning negative outcomes of poor work environment and risky work. Young workers often have low awareness of risk, a lack of safety training, and inadequate introduction to the work. The aim of this study was to identify the knowledge and experiences of pupils of vocational schools concerning potential work environment risks in their future work. Methods: The study design was a dual one, and included a questionnaire and focus group interviews. The study group consisted of 239 pupils from 10 upper secondary schools, who were graduating pupils in four vocational programs: the Industrial Technology Programme, the Restaurant Management and Food Programme, the Transport Programme, and the Handicraft Programme (in which students specialize in wood products). The upper secondary schools were located in the central region of Sweden. Results: The pupils had limited knowledge that employers must, by law, conduct risk analyses and prevent risks. Many felt that they themselves are mainly responsible for performing their tasks safely. Pupils in all programs mentioned acute risk as the greatest risk at work. The theoretical education about safety at work was provided in the $1^{st}$ year of the 3-year vocational programs. Conclusion: A systematic approach to pupils' training in work environment, which is a basis for a safe and healthy workplace, is lacking. The study findings indicate that pupils are offered knowledge far from that intended by laws and by state-of-the-art occupational health risk research.

간호 관련 환자안전사건의 특성과 질적 내용 분석: 의료 소송 판결문(2014~2018년)을 이용한 이차자료 분석 (Characteristics of Nursing-related Patient Safety Incidents and Qualitative Content Analysis: Secondary data Analysis of Medical Litigation Judgment (2014~2018))

  • 김민지;이원;김상희;김소윤
    • 한국의료질향상학회지
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    • 제29권2호
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    • pp.15-31
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    • 2023
  • Purpose: This study aimed to identify the characteristics of patient safety incidents (PSIs) related to nursing and to provide primary data for preventing the recurrence of similar incidents. Methods: This secondary analysis study included damage claims rulings filed for clinical negligence from 2014 to 2018 that contained the keyword 'nurse'. It excluded judgments irrelevant to nursing care and in which clinical negligence or causal damages were overruled. A total of 93 cases were analyzed. The characteristics of PSIs were derived through descriptive statistics, and two instances of nursing-related PSIs were examined by qualitative content analysis focusing on root causes. Results: The analysis of PSIs related to nursing suggested that the medical institutions where the PSIs occurred most frequently were hospitals, and the most common types of PSIs were medication, surgery, and treatment/procedure, in that order. In addition, it indicated that nursing-related PSIs occurred most frequently in general wards during the day shift, with the most common related nursing practice being managing potential risk factors. The qualitative analysis showed that careless monitoring and institutional inertia were causes of PSIs. Conclusion: To prevent nursing-related PSIs, nurses need to individually monitor and assess patient conditions. In addition, support should be accompanied by the improvement in the systems in place aimed at preventing the recurrence of nursing-related PSIs at the institutional and national level, such as securing appropriate nursing personnel and improving labor conditions.

Assessment of the Risks of Occupational Diseases of the Passenger Bus Drivers

  • Golinko, Vasyl;Cheberyachko, Serhiy;Deryugin, Oleg;Tretyak, Olena;Dusmatova, Olga
    • Safety and Health at Work
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    • 제11권4호
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    • pp.543-549
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    • 2020
  • Background: The working conditions of bus drivers are difficult; they lead to occupational diseases and require careful study, particularly in Ukraine. The objective of the article is the description of occupational health risks of passenger bus drivers that lead to deteriorating health. Methods: The risk assessment was performed using a modified Risk Score method, which allowed determining the generalized level of danger to the driver's health. The hygienic hazards level was assessed as based on Stevenson's law, which was generalized later. Results: Based on the modification of the Risk Score method, it was possible to depart from expert assessments method of the risk level and calculate the general indicator based on the degree of dependence of the impact on the human body on its intensity, proposed by V. Minko. This allows objective determining of the impact of hygiene hazards on the health of the driver and to predict the occurrence of occupational diseases associated with the cardiovascular system, musculoskeletal system, and partial or complete disability due to the accumulation of emotional fatigue. The hazard assessment was carried out for three brands of passenger buses common in Ukraine, in which the driver is exposed to the dangers of fever, vibration, noise, harmful impurities in the bus cabin, and emotional load. Conclusion: The health of drivers in the cabins of passenger buses is most affected by hygiene hazards: fever, vibration, and emotional stress. The generalized level of risk is calculated by the modified method of Risk Score is 0.83; -0.99, -0.92 respectively.

근로자의 산업보건 지식과 태도에 관한 조사연구 (A Survey on the Knowledge and Attitude of Workers Concerning Occupational Health)

  • 박영식;조수열;남철현
    • 한국환경보건학회지
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    • 제18권2호
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    • pp.3-18
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    • 1992
  • This research was carried out on 1,017 production workers for four months from May to August, 1991, to search more effective management method of their health by grasping their knowledge and attitude on industrial health. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: 1. As for general characteristics, 74.2% were male and 25.8% were female among the 1,017 workers. The two largest age groups were 30~39, 38.7%. As for education level, graduation from high school was 58.6%, 61.2% were married, 35.9% owned their house, and workers who worked more than 1 year less than 5 years was 52.9%, workers who worked 8 hours a day was 46.7%, the largest group income level was 60~69 thousand won 21.2%, and the degree of satisfaction with work was ordinary, 45.6%. 2. The degree of recognition concerning occupational diseases was 92.5% at a very high rate. Causes of occupational diseases under the present work field were in order of noise, dust, heavy metal. The largest group of the counterplan for prevention was an improvement of working environment, 62.0%. 3. The major cause that threatens worker's health was poor working environment, 31.4%. As the best method for workers' health management, working environment management was pointed. 4. As for health examination result, the response that it is of use to health management was 53.8%. As for examination method and result, 42.7% responded that they are formal. The practice period was more than once every six months as the largest group, and the highest desire for improvement was that they wants an exact information of the result. 5. 49.3% of the respondents know about the measurement of working environment an the response that the measurement is necessary to improve working environment was 57.9%, and that the results from the measurement were reflected on improvement an management 57.5%. Appropriate period to take a measurement was more than once per six months, 40.2% and per three months, 29.1%. 6. As for safety and halth instruction, 34.5% were educated for both, 38.2% for only safety education and just 4.6% for only health education. 51.9% responded that they had never been educated out of work place. The period of its practice was more than once a month, 39.5% and every three months, 21.3%. 7. The importance of safety and health showed that the one is equal to the other, 59.8%, that the one is more important, 29.6%, and that other is more important, 7.6%. 67.7% said the necessity of a safety and health manager. 8. In spite of more or less health obstacle of work environment, 14.9% of the respondents wanted to overwork to gain an allowance for over-time work, 39.9% didn't, and 40.2% according to condition and state. 9. As the most important cause of industrial accident, 40.2% indicated unsafe behavior. As for the individual protective instrument, 66.1% of all the respondents said they have worn it to protect industrial diseases. 10. As for the degree of understanding of the contents in Industrial Safety and Health Law and Industrial Law of Accident Insurance, an affirmative response was respectively 49.3% and 50.8% and the sources of safety-health information were televisions and radios, 28.0%. Therefore, it is necessary that we do positive working environmental improvement, continuous management and health education's inforcement to increase their health and prevent occupational diseases.

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중대재해처벌법의 주요쟁점 해소 방안 (Analysis of Major Issues in the Serious Accidents Punishment Act (SAPA))

  • 조춘환
    • 한국건설안전학회 논문집
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    • 제5권1호
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    • pp.17-24
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    • 2023
  • 본 연구 목적은 산업재해로 인한 사망자와 부상자가 너무 많다는 비판이 오랫동안 지속되어 온 부분과 근로자의 죽음은 한사람의 죽음뿐만 아니라 그와 연결된 많은 사람들과 사회 전체에 악영향을 미친다는 문제임은 분명히 인식하고 엄중한 '중대재해처벌법'의 필요성은 공감을 하고 있다. 그러나 현행 중대재해처벌법은 노사 양측에서 애매하다는 논란의 여지가 있어 환영받지 못하고 있는 점과 안전보건 확보 의무를 위반한 경영책임자는 처벌과 입법 내용이 추상적이며 처벌 수위가 지나치다는점을 제언한다. 그리고 경영책임자의 해석과 중대산업재해의 애매한 부분으로 대부분의 기업들이 법률해석과 자문을 받고자 대형 로펌을 기용하므로 로펌만 배불리는 양상을 만들고, 기업은 CEO를 보호하기 위해 투입하는 비용은 정작 안전사고 예방비용으로 들어가야 하므로 모호성을 갖고 있는 지금의 시행령은 개정되어야 할 필요성이 있다는 것을 제언한다.

Background and Activities of the Samsung Ombudsperson Commission in Korea

  • Lee, Cheolsoo;Kang, Seong-Kyu;Kim, Hyunwook;Kim, Inhee
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • 제52권4호
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    • pp.265-271
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    • 2019
  • Objectives: The Samsung Ombudsperson Commission was launched as an independent third-party institution following an agreement among Samsung Electronics, Supporters for Health and Right of People in Semiconductor Industry (Banolim in Korean, an independent NGO), and the Family Compensation Committee, in accordance with the industry accident prevention measure required by the settlement committee to address the issues related to employees who allegedly died from leukemia and other diseases as a result of working at Samsung's semiconductor production facilities. Methods: The Commission has carried out a comprehensive range of activities to review and evaluate the status of the company's occupational accidents management system, as well as occupational safety and health risk management within its facilities. Results: Based on the results of this review, termed a comprehensive diagnosis, the Commission presented action plans for improvement to strengthen the company's existing safety and health management system and to effectively address uncertain risks in this area going forward. Conclusions: The Commission will monitor the execution of the suggested tasks and provide advice and guidance to ensure that Samsung's semiconductor and liquid crystal display production lines are safer.