• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2013.11a
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• pp.39-48
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• 2013

Recently, the using of prefabricated temporary equipments is increasing in the industrial field because it can reduce the installation and dismantling period. The various types of prefabricated temporary equipments are manufacturing with various materials in domestic and overseas countries. However, those equipments should win the safety certificate according to the "Governmental Notification about Safety Certification" which regulate the member-based safety certification. It tends to cause over performance of temporary equipments because it couldn't consider structural benefit of the prefabricated products. As the result of this study, it is concluded that the establishment of new safety certification standard for the prefabricated temporary equipments is resonable and the movable scaffold is appropriate for those prefabricated temporary equipment. The movable scaffolds are using as single structure and cannot be expands horizontally. Other types of temporary equipments are using as complex structure which can freely expand horizontally according to the main structure. From the results of the study, the standard of vertical compression performance of prefabricated movable scaffolds should be more than double the performance of single main frame. Other test items of safety certification standard should be fixed when the Notification is amended. The prefabricated temporary equipments which are adopted for the safety standard on assembled structure should be used, moved and kept in assembled state and not separated discretionally. The establishment of new standard for the assembled structure based on this study leads to the development of various types of temporary equipments using structural efficiency of prefabricated structure.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.343-353
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• 2017

Nursing students who are in clinical practices under the complicated medical environment to become competent practitioners can be exposed to a variety of dangerous situations. In particular, nursing students can experience stress and compromised safety because they have difficulty in prioritizing their tasks and lack confidence in clinical and interpersonal skills. The purpose of this study is to investigate the types and characteristics of nursing students' attitudes toward the safety of clinical practices, and improve their safety related to clinical practices. A total of 40 statements about the safety of clinical practices were applied to 37 nursing students. Collected data were analyzed with the PC QUANL program. The Perception of nursing students to the safety of clinical practices was categorized into three types: 'Pursuit of perfection in overwhelming state type', 'Perseverance Patience type' and 'Cover up-meeting expectation type'. The subjects related to the safety of clinical practices need to be developed within the curriculum of nursing departments by examining the Perception of nursing students to the safety of clinical practices. In addition, a sense of responsibility shared by nursing students, educators and practitioners needs to be enhanced to improve the safety of clinical practices.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.460-477
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• 1994

There is a direct and continuing challenge to food scientists. You can increase food safety for the world.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.171-180
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• 2009

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.97-109
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• 2005

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2017.11a
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• pp.281-281
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• 2017

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.151-152
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• 2018

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.115-157
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• 2013

Some contracting States of the Convention on International Civil Aviation (commonly known as the Chicago Convention) issue FAOC(Foreign AOC and/or Operations Specifications) and conduct various safety audits for the foreign operators. These FAOC and safety audits on the foreign operators are being expanded to other parts of the world. While this trend is the strengthening measure of aviation safety resulting in the reduction of aircraft accident, it is the source of concern from the legal as well as economic perspectives. FAOC of the USA doubly burdens the other contracting States to the Chicago Convention because it is the requirement other than that prescribed by the Chicago Convention of which provisions are faithfully observed by almost all the contracting States. The Chicago Convention in its Article 33 stipulates that each contracting State recognize the validity of the certificates of airworthiness and licenses issued by other contracting States as long as they meet the minimum standards of the ICAO. Consequently, it is submitted that the unilateral action of the USA, China, Mongolia, Australia, and the Philippines issuing the FOAC to the aircraft of other States is against the Convention. It is worry some that this breach of international law is likely to be followed by the European Union which is believed to be in preparation for its own unilateral application. The ICAO established by the Chicago Convention to be in charge of safe and orderly development of the international civil aviation has been in hard work to both upgrade and emphasize the safe operation of aircraft. As the result of these endeavors, it prepared a new Annex 19 to the Chicago Convention with the title of "Safety Management" and with the applicable date 14 November 2013. It is this Annex and other ICAO documents relevant to the safety that the contracting States to the Chicago Convention have to observe. Otherwise, it is the economical burden due to probable delay in issuing the FOAC and bureaucracies combined with many different paperworks and regulations depending on where the aircraft is flown. It is exactly to avoid this type of confusion and waste that the Chicago Convention aimed at when it was adopted in 1944. The State of the operator shall establish a system for both the certification and the continued surveillance of the operator in accordance with ICAO SARPs to ensure that the required standards of operations are maintained. Certainly the operator shall meet and maintain the requirements established by the States in which it operate. The authority of a State stops where the authority of another State intervenes or where the former has yielded its power by an international agreement for the sake of international cooperation. Hence, it is not within the realm of the State to issue FAOC towards foreign operators for the reason that these foreign operators are flying in and out of the State. Furthermore, there are other safety audits such as ICAO USOAP, IATA IOSA, FAA IASA, and EU SAFA that assure the safe operation of the aircraft, but within the limit of their power and in compliance with the ICAO SARPs. If the safety level of any operator is not satisfactory, the operator could be banned to operate in the contracting States with watchful eyes until the ICAO SARPs are met. This time-honoured practice has been applied without any serious problems. Besides, we have the new Annex 19 to strengthen and upgrade with easy reference for contracting States. We don't have no reason to introduce additional burden to the States by unilateral actions of some States. These actions have to be corrected. On the other hand, when it comes to the carriage of the Personal or Pilot Log Book, the Korean regulation requiring it is in contrast with other relevant provisions of USA, USOAP, IOSA, and SAFA. The Chicago Convention requires in its Articles 29 and 34 only the carriage of the Journey Log Book and some other certificates, but do not mention the Personal Log Book at all. Paragraph 5.1.1.1 of Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention even makes it clear that the carriage in the aircraft of the Personal Log Book is not required on international flights. The unique Korean regulation in this regards giving the unnecessary burden to the national flag air carriers has to be lifted at once.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.463-469
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• 1995

The point-kinetics reactor system which is subject to feedback effects may have multiple steady-state solutions for some operating conditions. A necessary and sufficient condition for multiple steady-state solutions of the point-kinetics reactor feedback system for an external input reactivity is obtained through their theoretical approach. If and only if the steady-state feedback reactivity of the reactor system is not strictly monotonic on some values of the feedback variables, then the reactor system has multiple steady-state solutions for the equilibrium operating conditions corresponding to the values of the feedback variables. Also, if and only if the steady--state feedback reactivity is strictly monotonic on all the feedback variables, then the reactor system has only one steady-state solution for all the operating conditions.

• Journal of Legislation Research
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• no.54
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• pp.111-154
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• 2018

The protection of fundamental rights of people is a natural duty of a state. Since Constitutional Law declare that a state is obliged to protect the fundamental rights of people obviously, it is reasonable to postulate that a state has a duty to protect every person's right much more positively. Of course, it is true that whereas right of freedom is much more important in modern states, the social right becomes more important currently. Nevertheless, we have no choice but to put an emphasis on the importance of the right of freedom like modern states. Thus states are still bound to try to protect the right of people, specific duty of behavior for the sake of right of freedom belongs to states. In particular, due to the fact that lifts are essential to our comfortable life and the demage from the accident concerning with the lifts is fatal, the strategy for securing the safety of using the lifts is significant to some extent. And because it is true that the experience of UK that put an emphasis on the role of civil actors is meaningful to us, there seems implications for us. Accordingly, it is possible to consider the material components such as the check of safety before installation for the sake of safety enhancement, quality control for lifts parts, specification of check criterion and variation of check cycle etc. and personal ones such as specification of qualification of competent persons, guarantee of competent person's independence, variation of obligator's duty and variation of user's obligation etc. However, as the situation of UK is one thing and that of Korea is another, we don't have to adhere to the policy and the experience of UK strictly. Rather, we had better apply the policy and experience of UK to ours appropriately.