• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.41-52
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• 2010

Message authentication is an essential security element in vehicular ad-hoc network(VANET). For a secure message authentication, integrity, availability, privacy preserving skill, and also efficiency in various environment should be provided. RAISE scheme has been proposed to provide efficient message authentication in the environment crowded with lots of vehicles and generally considered to be hard to provide efficiency. However, as the number of vehicles communicating in the area increases, the overhead is also incurred in proportion to the number of vehicles so that it still needs to be reduced, and the scheme is vulnerable to some attacks. In this paper, to make up for the vulnerabilities in dense vehicular communication network, we propose a more secure and efficient scheme using a process that RSU(Road Side Unit) transmits the messages of neighbor vehicles at once with Bloom Filter, and timestamp to protect against replay attack. Moreover, by adding a handover function to the scheme, we simplify the authentication process as omitting the unnecessary key-exchange process when a vehicle moves to other area. And we confirm the safety and efficiency of the scheme by simulating the false positive probability and calculating the traffic.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.231-239
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• 2012

This paper tries to solve the problems which previous methods have such as the WCDRM(Watermark and Cryptography DRM) and the model using smart card for protecting digital contents. This study provides a contents distribution model to protect the rights of author, distributor, and user as well as user's information by using technologies such as cryptography, DRM(Digital Right Management), access control, etc. The proposed system is evaluated as the most safety model compared with previous methods because it not only solves the problems which the previous methods have, but also protects four type of risks such as use of contents which other mobile devices download, the attack on the key to decode the message, the attack on leaking the contents, and the internal attack such as an illegal reproduction.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.1031-1046
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• 2018

Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is a dedicated network to connect vehicles without any centralized administration or infrastructure. The wireless access in vehicular environments (WAVE) protocol leveraging IEEE 1609/802.11p is widely implemented for VANETs. However, in congested traffic situation, the performance of the WAVE system degrades significantly due to serious collision, especially for safety related broadcast services on the control channel (CCH) interval due to the inherent drawback of its collision avoidance mechanisms called carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA). In this paper, we propose a method that can decrease the number of frame collisions in CCH with a few modifications to the IEEE 802.11p protocol. In the paper, vehicles still employ CSMA/CA to compete for the channel access opportunity. However, by taking advantage of periodicity of synchronization interval, a two-state switching scheme introducing two new inter frame space (IFS) is proposed to reduce the number of competing vehicles substantially and as a result, the collision probability is significantly decreased. The simulation results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method in packet collision rate.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.4183-4204
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• 2018

The existing en-route filtering schemes only consider some simple false data injection attacks, which results in lower safety performance. In this paper, we propose an efficient geographical information-based en-route filtering scheme (EGEFS), in which each forwarding node verifies not only the message authentication codes (MACs), but also the report identifier and the legitimacy and authenticity of locations carried in a data report. Thus, EGEFS can defend against not only the simple false data injection attacks and the replay attack, but also the collusion attack with forged locations proposed in this paper. In addition, we propose a new method for electing the center-of-stimulus (CoS) node, which can ensure that only one detecting node will be elected as the CoS node to generate one data report for an event. The simulation results show that, compared to the existing en-route filtering schemes, EGEFS has higher safety performance, because it can resist more types of false data injection attacks, and it also has higher filtering efficiency and lower energy expenditure.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.1017-1021
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• 2020

In the V2X communications, each vehicle periodically broadcasts a message, called a beacon, so that its neighbor vehicles can accurately predict the near-future positions of the sending vehicle. In particular, the mobility-adaptive beacon broadcast (MAB2) scheme keeps the tracking error of a sending vehicle below a fixed threshold within a few consecutive beacon losses. In this paper, we present a random-early beacon broadcast (REB2) scheme that addresses the beacon aging problem of the MAB2 scheme. The simulation results show that, for a neighbor vehicle within 100 m distance, the tracking failure probability of REB2 scheme can be reduced to less than 1/10 of that of MAB2 scheme.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.59-65
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• 2023

As research on blockchain applications in various fields is actively increasing, management of private keys that prove users of blockchain has become important. If you lose your private key, you lose all your data. In order to solve this problem, previously, blockchain wallets, private key recovery using partial information, and private key recovery through distributed storage have been proposed. In this paper, we propose a safe private key backup and recovery method using Shamir's Secrete Sharing (SSS) scheme and biometric information, and evaluate its safety. In this paper, we propose a safe private key backup and recovery method using Shamir's Secrete Sharing (SSS) scheme and biometric information, and evaluate its safety against robustness during message exchange, replay attack, man-in-the-middle attack and forgery and tampering attack.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.394-406
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• 2023

In this study, a real-time surveillance system using Internet of Things technology is proposed for vaccine cold chains. This system fully visualizes vaccine transport and storage. It comprises a 4G gateway module, lowpower and low-cost wireless temperature and humidity collection module (WTHCM), cloud service software platform, and phone app. The WTHCM is installed in freezers or truck-mounted cold chain cabinets to collect the temperature and humidity information of the vaccine storage environment. It then transmits the collected data to a gateway module in the radiofrequency_physical layer (RF_PHY). The RF_PHY is an interface for calling the bottom 2.4-GHz transceiver, which can realize a more flexible communication mode. The gateway module can simultaneously receive data from multiple acquisition terminals, process the received data depending on the protocol, and transmit the collated data to the cloud server platform via 4G or Wi-Fi. The cloud server platform primarily provides data storage, chart views, short-message warnings, and other functions. The phone app is designed to help users view and print temperature and humidity data concerning the transportation and storage of vaccines anytime and anywhere. Thus, this system provides a new vaccine management model for ensuring the safety and reliability of vaccines to a greater extent.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.1515-1521
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• 2013

AIS is a core service in the maritime safety domain. AIS Message type #6 and #8(for binary date) can be used for carrying any kind of MSI(Maritime Safety Information). The MSC(Maritime Safety Committee) approved SN/Circ. 289 on Guidance on the use of AIS Application-Specific Messages in 2010. The MSI that carried by AIS-ASM can support to reduce the maritime accidents. Since a new AIS-ASM service places an additional load on the VDL(VHF Data Link), there should be a deployment process for new AIS-ASM services. In this paper we analyze the AIS-ASM services and survey the extended functions and systems for each AIS-ASM service. We also present the survey of the statistical analysis of local AIS messages. and suggest preliminary research topics for the deployment of new AIS-ASM services. VDL monitoring system, system for detection and removal of malfunctioning AIS equipments, and value analysis process of the MSI services are required.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.38C no.2
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• pp.165-171
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• 2013

WAVE(Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments) is a representative V2V communication protocol and its standards of MAC and PHY parts except for security were published. In order to control traffic flow and ensure driver's safety using V2V communication, various projects are conducting. In particular, safety application has been researched. Therefore, in this paper, we designed the safety application algorithm, which informs a driver of the dangerous status when driver tries to turn left in an intersection and we also implemented the algorithm. Proposed algorithm configures a model for a host vehicle and a vehicle coming in opposite lane and in case that there is collision hazard it provides warning message to driver by using HMI. In order to evaluate the proposed algorithm's performance, we configured the test bed using test vehicles and we tested the algorithm on proving ground with the composed test scenarios. As test results, our system showed excellent performance. If the infrastructures for V2I communications are constructed, we will optimize our system more precisely and stably.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.38B no.7
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• pp.543-552
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• 2013

For the safety messages in IEEE 802.11p/WAVE vehicles network environment, strict periodic beacon broadcasting requires status advertisement to assist the driver for safety. In crowded networks where beacon message are broadcasted at a high number of frequencies by many vehicles, which used for beacon sending, will be congested by the wireless medium due to the contention-window based IEEE 802.11p MAC. To resolve the congestion, we consider a MAC scheme based on slotted p-persistent CSMA as a simple non-cooperative Bayesian game which involves payoffs reflecting the attempt probability. Then, we derive Bayesian Nash Equilibrium (BNE) in a closed form. Using the BNE, we propose new congestion control algorithm to improve the performance of the beacon rate under saturation condition in IEEE 802.11p/WAVE vehicular networks. This algorithm explicitly computes packet delivery probability as a function of contention window (CW) size and number of vehicles. The proposed algorithm is validated against numerical simulation results to demonstrate its stability.