• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.64-72
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to develop a system dynamics model for the assessment of the organizational and human factors in a nuclear power plant which contribute to nuclear safety. Previous studies can be classified into two major approaches. One is the engineering approach using tools such as ergonomics and Probability Safety Assessment (PSA). The other is the socio-psychology approach. Both have contributed to find organizational and human factors and to present guidelines to lessen human error in plants. However, since these approaches assume that the relationship among factors is independent they do not explain the interactions among the factors or variables in Nuclear Power Plants. To overcome these restrictions, a system dynamics model, which can show cause and effect relationships among factors and quantify the organizational and human factors, has been developed. Handling variables such as the degree of leadership, the number of employees, and workload in each department, users can simulate various situations in nuclear power plant organization. Through simulation, users can get insights to improve safety in plants and to find managerial tools in both organizational and human factors.

• 실천공학교육논문지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.243-258
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• 2023

본 연구는 변혁적 및 거래적 리더십이 조직몰입을 거쳐 혁신행동에 미치는 매개효과와 공직만족에 의해 조절된 매개효과를 확인하는 것이 목적이다. 이를 위해 한국행정연구원이 중앙행정기관 및 광역자치단체 소속 일반직 공무원을 대상으로 실시한 2021년 공직생활 실태조사 데이터 4,133부를 최종분석에 사용하였고, 변인간의 관계를 분석하기 위하여 SPSS 21.0과 Mplus 8.4 프로그램을 활용하였다. 검증 결과로 변혁적 및 거래적 리더십이 조직몰입과 혁신행동에 정의 영향을 미치고, 조직몰입은 혁신행동에 정의 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인했다. 또한, 변혁적 및 거래적 리더십과 혁신행동의 관계에서 유의한 매개효과를 가지는 것으로 확인되었다. 변혁적 및 거래적 리더십이 조직몰입을 통해 혁신행동에 미치는 매개효과는 공직만족의 수준에 의해 조절되는 것으로 확인되어 제시한 가설은 모두 채택되었다. 이상의 분석결과를 토대로 이론적, 실무적 제언과 향후과제를 제시했다.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.151-158
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• 2013

Patient safety is achieved through systematic improvement based on the knowledge and willingness of medical professionals. A systematic longitudinal curriculum for patient safety is essential to prepare medical students and professionals. The purpose of this article is to introduce our experience with a 'workshop for developing a patient safety curriculum' and to compare the results with previous studies. The workshop comprising 15 medical professors and patient safety experts met for 2 days. The Consensus Workshop method was applied, collecting opinions from all of the members and reaching consensus through the following stages: context, brainstorm, cluster, name, and resolve. The patient safety curriculum was developed by this method, covering patient safety topics and issues, and teaching and assessment methods. A total of 7 topics were extracted, 'activities for patient safety, concepts of patient safety, leadership and teamwork, error disclosure, self-management, patient education, policies.' Issues, teaching methods, and assessment methods were developed for each topic. The patient safety curriculum developed from the workshop was similar to previous curricula developed by other institutions and medical schools. The Consensus Workshop method proved to be an effective approach to developing a patient safety curriculum.

• 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
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• 해양환경안전학회 2000년도 International Symposium:on the Maritime Management Systems for Safer and Cleaner Seas in the New Millennium
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• pp.27-36
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• 2000

Managing quality is nothing new, but it increasingly become more challenging. Demands form customers, flatter organizations, measuring and assessing outcomes, stiffer competition for resources, technology, environmental concerns and others, all have created changes in the workplace for which enhanced leadership is needed. TQM, CQI, TQL, (managing quality), other acronyms can be summarized as a means of moving an organization into the new millennium with a keen focus on people, service, efficiencies, effectiveness and excellence. It is not an accident. It is the result of a clear, well-directed strategically focused thinking. Attention to quality encourages individuals and teams throughout organizations to continually learn, think and contribute ideas on how to explore processes that affect them. The organization must change into a learning organization that seeks to continually improve its processes and services. This learning attitude requires a cultural shift from autocratic to more participatory leadership. This presentation will examine the principles and lessons learned form implementation of quality initiatives from different organizations. Many of the themes shared are independent of the source and, as such, may be helpful in validating what you are doing or give you ideas on leading and implementing change within your organizations.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.33-56
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyze the change of hospitals that patients safety and quality improvement by accreditation process and to examine the impact or interrelation of leadership, organizational culture, hospital management activities and recognition of hospital management performances. The data were collected through a review of the literature, and selfadministered survey with a structured questionnaires to 714 subjects from several medical staff members, administration staff members, nursing staff members, medical technicians and other staff members working in 23 accredited hospitals in Korea. In this analysis hierarchical multiple regression and structural equation model were used. The conclusion of this study provides a theoretical model for understanding organizational changes brought about by accreditation system. Factor on improvement of efficiency and raise the morale, rather than increase of medical income and reduce of the cost factors, had a stronger influence on the accreditation process. In the future, the hospital's participation to induce the accreditation program voluntarily will come up with an alternative policy concern about financial perspective. Also, the hospitals which preparing accreditation program to achieve the goal efficiently, will make use of transformational leadership through enhancing individual consideration and intellectual development to leading members participation. Additionally, non-accredited hospitals should aim at professional culture by innovative and creative approaches, and inviting members to learning and growth in the organization.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.54-59
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• 2010

The flight deck crew must manage complexity during daily flight operations. The Airline may obtain data regarding threats and errors through LOSA(Line Operations Safety Audits) on normal flights as predictive safety tool in Safety Management System of the Airline to actively improve the systems such as SOP(Standard Operation Procedure), training, evaluation and the TEM(Threat and Error Management) for the flight deck crew. The flight deck crew make errors when they fail managing threats. The crew mismanage around ten percent of threats and commit errors. The major mismanaged threats are aircraft malfunction, ATC(Air Traffic Communication), and wether threats. The effective countermeasures of TEM for manageing threats are leadership, workload management, monitor & cross check, Vigilance, communication environment and cooperation of the crew. It is important that organizations must monitor for the hazards of threats and improve system for the safer TEM environments.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.125-130
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• 2014

Background: Construction industry is among the most hazardous industries, and needs a comprehensive and simple-to-administer tool to continuously assess and promote its health and safety performance. Methods: Through the study of various standard systems (mainly Health, Safety, and Environment Management System; Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series 180001; and British Standard, occupational health and safety management systems-Guide 8800), seven main elements were determined for the desired framework, and then, by reviewing literature, factors affecting these main elements were determined. The relative importance of each element and its related factors was calculated at organizational and project levels. The provided framework was then implemented in three construction companies, and results were compared together. Results: The results of the study show that the relative importance of the main elements and their related factors differ between organizational and project levels: leadership and commitment are the most important elements at the organization level, whereas risk assessment and management are most important at the project level. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that the framework is easy to administer, and by interpreting the results, the main factors leading to the present condition of companies can be determined.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.321-334
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• 2007

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to understand and compare perception and experience between clinical staffs(nurses and pharmacists) and Quality Improvement managers. Method: A qualitative study was conducted with 14 clinical staffs and QI managers who are working at tertiary hospitals in Korea. Interviews were recorded and transcribed for systematic analyses of qualitative data. Results: Most critically, while QI managers acknowledged that establishment of the patient safety culture and reduction of medical errors are urgent tasks for QI effort, clinical staffs don't seem to share such perceptions. All participants agree that staff shortage and no compliance to safety procedures were major reasons for medical error occurrences. Many suggested that an organizational culture where errors were perceived as a systematic problems rather than individual failures or carelessness should be formed to promote voluntary reporting of medical errors. Conclusion: A more systematic effort and attention at the hospital leadership and public policy level should be promoted to constitute societal consensus on the urgence of promoting patient safety culture and more specific approaches to tackle the patient safety problems.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.379-389
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• 2019

Purpose: The study investigated the factors associated with compassion satisfaction of nurses in long-term care hospitals with a focus on the culture of patient safety. Methods: This study was conducted using a descriptive survey. The participants were nurses in 1 metropolitan city and 2 other cities (N=164). The data was collected in October, 2018 and analyzed using the SPSS Win 25.0 program. Results: The factors associated with compassion satisfaction were job satisfaction, work attitude, management practice, leadership of the managers of patient safety culture, and clinical career (F=21.66, p<.001). These variables explained 49.3% of the variance in compassion satisfaction of long-term care hospital nurses. Conclusion: These results highlight the importance of long-term care hospital nurses' compassion satisfaction and can be used as meaningful data for intervention to promote a culture of patient safety, and nurses' job satisfaction.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.118-124
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• 2014

Background: Satisfactory completion of mine safety training is a prerequisite for being hired and for continued employment in the coal industry. Although training includes content to develop skills in a variety of mineworker competencies, research and recommendations continue to specify that specific limitations in the self-escape portion of training still exist and that mineworkers need to be better prepared to respond to emergencies that could occur in their mine. Ecological models are often used to inform the development of health promotion programs but have not been widely applied to occupational health and safety training programs. Methods: Nine mine safety trainers participated in in-depth semi-structured interviews. A theoretical analysis of the interviews was completed via an ecological lens. Each level of the social ecological model was used to examine factors that could be addressed both during and after mine safety training. Results: The analysis suggests that problems surrounding communication and collaboration, leadership development, and responsibility and accountability at different levels within the mining industry contribute to deficiencies in mineworkers' mastery and maintenance of skills. Conclusion: This study offers a new technique to identify limitations in safety training systems and processes. The analysis suggests that training should be developed and disseminated with consideration of various levels-individual, interpersonal, organizational, and community-to promote skills. If factors identified within and between levels are addressed, it may be easier to sustain mineworker competencies that are established during safety training.