• Title/Summary/Keyword: Safety Belt

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Comparative Study of Youth Health Risk Behaviors by Region: Focused on Metropolitan Areas, Medium Sized and Small City Areas, and Rural Areas (지역별 청소년 건강위험행위 비교 - 대도시, 중소도시, 군 지역을 중심으로 -)

  • Park, Eun-Ok
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.40 no.1
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    • pp.14-23
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    • 2010
  • Purpose: This study was done to compare health risk behavior prevalence for youth living in metropolitan, medium sized and small cities or rural area, in order to enhance understanding regional differences. Methods: For this study, data from the 2006 Youth Health Risk Behavior Online Survey collected by the Korean Center for Disease Control were analyzed using SPSS. Results: In the metropolitan areas, prevalence for disease and perceived obesity were higher than in other areas. Lack of intense or moderate physical activity, obesity, fast food intake, and insufficient sleep showed higher prevalence than in rural areas. Prevalence of lifetime smoking, lifetime alcohol consumption, present alcohol use, fruit intake less than once a day, and not wearing a seat belt were higher in rural areas than in urban areas. Gender, smoking, and alcohol use were correlated. Spearman correlation between living with parent and skipping breakfast were significant. Smoking, alcohol use, and sexual behavior were correlated. Conclusion: As significant differences in prevalence of youth health risk behaviors exist between regional areas, health education and health promotion programs considering these differences have to be developed and implemented for adolescents. Programs for prevention of smoking and alcohol use, programs for improvement of fruit intake and safety are suggested for adolescents in rural areas, whereas programs to enhance physical activity and obesity management are suggested for adolescents in metropolitan areas.

ICU Patients' Experience Process of Physical Restraint (중환자실 환자의 억제대 경험과정)

  • Kim, Mi Young
    • Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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    • v.19 no.4
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    • pp.583-592
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    • 2007
  • Purpose: The purposes of this study were to explore and describe the use of restraint on patients and to generate a grounded theory of how the use of restraint affects patients who have been restrained. Methods: Interview data from seven patients with physical restraint was analyzed using the Strauss and Corbin's grounded theory method. Data were collected and analyzed simultaneously. Unstructured and in-depth interviews were conducted retrospectively with patients recalling their memories of ICU following their transfer to general unit. Results: 'Safety belt' was emerged as a core category and it reflected that physical restraint provided a sense of security to patients. On the basis of core category, a model of the experience process of restrained patients in ICU was developed. The experience process were categorized into four stages: resistance, fear, resignation, and agreement. Stages of these proceeds appeared to have been influenced by the nurses' attitude and caring behavior such as the frequency of nurse-patient interaction, repetition of explanation, and empathetic understanding. Conclusion: These findings indicate that patients have mixed feelings towards restraint use, although negative feelings were stronger than positive ones. The result of this study will help nurses make effective nursing intervention.

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Development of Horizontal Locomotion Robot using Rail Mechanism for H-beam Structure (H-빔 구조물에서의 레일을 이용한 수평주행로봇 개발)

  • Kim, Jong Heon;Jeon, Minseok;Jeon, Kyungtae;Lee, Sang Hoon;Hong, Daehie
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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    • v.30 no.4
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    • pp.421-426
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    • 2013
  • Nowadays in building construction field, workers become aged and avoid dirty, difficult, and dangerous work. Above all, a person who is in charge of beam assembling work in high and narrow space just relies on safety belt. So these workers should be highly trained. This paper deals with a new locomotion robot that can take this in charge, which will be able to provide less labor costs, less time to build a building and safer environments for workers. The geometric features of steel structure in building construction were carefully analyzed and developed a locomotion mechanism optimized to it. The robot was designed to be rugged, strong, and fast rather than having excessive mobility. Feasibility of the developed robot was verified through experiments.

Study on Smart Infant Vehicle with Arduino and Pressure Sensor (아두이노와 압력센서를 이용한 스마트 유아차에 관한 연구)

  • Sang-Wook, Lee;Min-Young, Kim;Tae-Woo, Kim;Dae-Gyu, Lee;Jae-Wook, Kim
    • The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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    • v.17 no.6
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    • pp.1293-1300
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    • 2022
  • In this paper, research was conducted to prevent various safety accidents that may occur from infant vehicles carrying children and to use infant vehicles easier. In order to prevent the infant vehicle from driving without protection, a brake function is mounted on the infant vehicle wheels using a pressure sensor and a sub motor, and a pressure sensor and an LCD are used to determine whether a seat belt is fastened to prevent the infant from falling from the infant vehicle. In addition, it is designed to turn on the warning light when exceeding a certain temperature and humidity using LCD and LED so that infants can be in a pleasant environment when using a baby vehicle.

A wireless sensor with data-fusion algorithm for structural tilt measurement

  • Dan Li;Guangwei Zhang;Ziyang Su;Jian Zhang
    • Smart Structures and Systems
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    • v.31 no.3
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    • pp.301-309
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    • 2023
  • Tilt is a key indicator of structural safety. Real-time monitoring of tilt responses helps to evaluate structural condition, enable cost-effective maintenance, and enhance lifetime resilience. This paper presents a prototype wireless sensing system for structural tilt measurement. Long range (LoRa) technology is adopted by the sensing system to offer long-range wireless communication with low power consumption. The sensor integrates a gyroscope and an accelerometer as the sensing module. Although tilt can be estimated from the gyroscope or the accelerometer measurements, these estimates suffer from either drift issue or high noise. To address this challenging issue and obtain more reliable tilt results, two sensor fusion algorithms, the complementary filter and the Kalman filter, are investigated to fully exploit the advantages of both gyroscope and accelerometer measurements. Numerical simulation is carried out to validate and compare the sensor fusion algorithms. Laboratory experiment is conducted on a simply supported beam under moving vehicle load to further investigate the performance of the proposed wireless tilt sensing system.

Injury Study for Q6 and Q10 Child Dummies (Q6, Q10 어린이 인체모형의 상해치 연구)

  • Sun, Hongyul;Lee, Seul;Seok, Juyup;Yoo, Wonjae;Yoon, Ilsung
    • Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.31-37
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    • 2016
  • The Child Occupant Safety Assessment was first introduced and carried out by Euro NCAP in 2003, with the goal of ensuring manufacturers to develop safe vehicles for passengers of all ages; the objective was to evaluate the safety and protection offered by different Child Restraint Systems (CRS) in the event of a crash. In 2013, the formerly used P child dummy series was replaced by newer and more biofidelic Q1.5 and Q3 child dummies, representing 1.5 and 3 year old children respectively. The frontal and side impact dynamic performances of the Q1.5 and Q3 were tested within all classes of vehicles assessed by Euro NCAP at the time. As an extension to that initiative, Q6 and Q10 child dummies were later developed representing children of 6 and 10 years old. Since the protection of larger children during vehicle crashes relies greatly on the interaction of vehicle restraint systems such as seat belt and the CRS, instrumented Q6 and Q10 dummies will be used to assess the protection offered in the event of front and side impact crashes. In this paper, we focused on injury criteria of Q6 and Q10 child dummies at 64 kph 40% offset frontal crash test. The whole procedure was designed with DFSS analysis. The full vehicle sled test results of both dummies were conducted with different restraint systems settled through previous sled test. It showed that several injury criteria and image data were collected as the result of the full vehicle sled test. Based on the results of these investigations, this paper describes which factor is most important and combination shows the best performance when evaluating rear seat occupant protection for Q6 and Q10 child dummies.

The Status of Accidents and Management for Electronic Assistive Devices among the Handicapped (장애인 전동보조기구 사고 및 관리현황에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Deok-Ju;Lee, Hye-Jin;Yang, Yeong-Ae
    • The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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    • v.10 no.3
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    • pp.223-234
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    • 2016
  • Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate accident cases involving electronic assistive devices, to determine how these accidents can be avoided and to devise preventative instructions for the handicapped who use these devices. Methods : This study was carried out from July 20 to October 3, 2015. A consent-based survey was conducted via mail and mobile phones targeting 700 electronic assistive device users, of which questionnaires from 290 users were collected and used in the analysis. Results : Accidents involving electronic assistive devices were investigated, especially the causes of the accidents and accident prevention education, as well as the status of the electronic assistive devices. The most common accident types were collision and falling, and it was found that the victims of the accidents usually suffered severe injury to their lower limbs. Most users used electronic assistive devices every day but rarely wore a safety belt because of discomfort. There were more incidents of collision and falling for older aged handicapped users, and the injury rate to the lower limbs was highest in handicapped elderly aged 50 years or older. Conclusions : In order to prevent accidents with electronic assistive devices in the future, a or management organizations must prepare specific safety guidelines and manage these accidents.

Methoden Zur Beschreibung dar Unfallgeschehens des - Versuch eines Vergleichs Zwischen der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und der Republik Korea - (한국과 서독간의 교통안전 비교)

  • 김홍상
    • Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.55-72
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    • 1987
  • The work analyzes the existing situation and defines special problems concerning traffic accidents in the two countries. The report is divided into three parts: 1) Using the global approach of SMEED, the data were evaluated using multiple regression analysis, and homogeneous groups of countries were defined by cluster analysis. In the global approach, the linear model is better than SMEED's non-linear model in explaining the number of fatalities. Among the different groups of countries, the linear approach was found to be better suited for industrialized countries and the non-linear approach better for the developing countries. T도 comparison of traffic fatality data for the Federal Republic the developing countries. The comparison of traffic fatality data for the Federal Republic of Germany and the Republic of Korea showed different regression equations during the same time period. 2) The BOX/JENKINS time series analysis on a monthly basis points out clearly similar seasonal patterns for the two countries over the years studied. The decrease in traffic accidents following the intensification of the safety belt requirement was proved in the ARIMA model. It amounts to 7 to 8 percent fewer personal injury accidents and fatal accidents. The identified increase in safety in the Federal Republic of Germany since the 1970s is mainly due to the reduction of accident severity in residential areas. 3) Speeds and headways on motorways in th3e two countries were also compared. The measurements point out that German road users drive faster, take more risks, and accept shorter time gaps than Korean road users. However, the accident statistics show accident rates for Korea that are several times higher than those in the Federal Republic of Germany.

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Study on Adopting EDR Report for Traffic Accident Analysis (교통사고분석에서 EDR 기록정보의 채택에 관한 고찰)

  • Park, Jongjin;Park, Jeongman;Lee, Yeonsub
    • Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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    • v.12 no.3
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    • pp.52-60
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    • 2020
  • Usage of EDR(Event Data Recorder) report for traffic accident analysis is currently increasing due to government regulation of EDR data release. Nevertheless, a lot of investigators simply adopt by comparing the number of ignition cycles(crash) at event to the number of ignition cycles(download) without an exact judgment whether event data occurred by this accident or not. In the EDR report, besides ignition cycles, there are many factors such as event record type, algorithm active(rear/rollover/side/frontal), time between events, event severity status(rollover/rear/right side/reft side/frontal), belt switch circuit status, driver/passenger pretensioner/air-bag deployment, PDOF(Principal Direction of Force) by ΔV to be able to decide whether or not to adopt. also the event data is considered enough to vehicle damaged state, accident situation at the scene of the accident. and there is described in "all data should be examined in conjunction with other available physical evidence from the vehicle and scene" in the CDR(Crash Data Retrieval) report. Therefore many investigators have to decide whether or not to adopt after they consider sufficiently to above factors when they are the traffic accident analysis and investigate the causes of a accident on the adopted event data. In this paper, we report to traffic accident investigators notable points and analysis methods on the basis of thousands of cases and the results of one's own experiment in NFS(National Forensic Service).

A Study on History of Rolling Stock Door Engines of Seoul Metro Line No.3 and No.4 (3,4호선 도시철도 전동차 도어엔진의 개발 역사에 관한연구)

  • Jang, Sung-Chul;Lee, Chan-Hee;Jeon, Kwan-Soo;Son, Young-Jin
    • Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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    • 2010.06a
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    • pp.1352-1359
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    • 2010
  • It is said that the number of people using public transportation has risen about 220 thousand over 3 years which was 1019 people average a day in 2006 and 1041 people last year. It is also said that the number of people using subway has increased by 198 thousand and the number of people using bus by 22 thousand. Can you imagine how many door engines work at the same time if we count Metro line no.1 to no.4 which consist of total 120 subway stations? A train has 80 door engines and Metro line trains have 9600 door engines all together. Which explains it quite simple how much Satefy, Durability and Sustainability need to be focused in Door Engines. Although it's not the whole part of door engines in Seoul Metro Line, And Metro No.4's door engines are operated by the method called mixture of mechanical type and belt type. And the last one is being used in the brand-new Metro train line No.3 which is being operated by electricity motor, instead of the old methods which use air pressure to operate a door engine. I'm sure you will agree that Safety is the first priority of Metro train and next follow comfortability and quickness. I think all I've talked so far make it the first step for the Safety of Metro train for you to understand the unit of a Door Engine.

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