• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.229-233
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• 2009

Background: Sacroiliac (SI) joint pain is a challenging condition that causes lower back or buttock pain; however, there is no universally accepted long-term treatment. There have been several reports of ligament prolotherapy for SI joint pain, but these have had inconsistent results, probably due to the lack of a specific diagnosis for patient selection and variability in the volume, number and sites of injection. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the efficacy of intraarticular prolotherapy for relieving SI joint pain diagnosed by local anesthetic intraarticular injection. Methods: Twenty-two patients with SI joint pain confirmed by 50% or more improvement in response to local anesthetic block underwent intraarticular prolotherapy with 25% dextrose water every other week three times. The numeric rating scale (NRS) for pain and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were assessed at the initial visit and after completion of a series of prolotherapy and the NRS was checked during monthly follow-up sessions to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of this technique. Results: Twenty patients completed prolotherapy and followed up as scheduled. The NRS and ODI were significantly improved from 6 (4-8) and $34.1{\pm}15.5$ to 1 (0-3) and $12.6{\pm}9.8$ (P < 0.01), respectively, at 1 month after prolotherapy. The mean duration of pain relief of 50% or more was 12.2 months (95% CI, 10.0-14.3) as determined by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Conclusions: Intraarticular prolotherapy provided long-term relief of sacroiliac joint pain and may have more benefits than ligament prolotherapy or neurolysis.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.53-59
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• 2006

This study was performed to assess the efficacy of manipulation for the sacroiliac joint subluxation patients. The subjects of this study ware 8 patients with sacroiliac joint subluxation who visited the out patient department of the physical therapy wooridul clinic, from January 1, 2005 through July 3, 2005. To find out the effect of manipulation, we sampled 8 patient treated with manipulation(Thompson technique), using by radiographic. All patients were treated 2days a week for 12 weeks. The results after 12 week treatment, compared with before treatment, were as follows : 1. The improved in sacrum lateral subluxation in the manipulation after 12 week treatment was very significant(p<.01) 2. The improved in sacrum rotation subluxation in the manipulation after 12 week treatment was significant(p<.05) 3. The improved in lumbo-sacral anger subluxation in the manipulation after 12 week treatment was very significant(p<.01).

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.25-40
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• 1999

The hub of weight bearing in the human body for both static and dynamic activities is the lumbopelvic region. It is a key region of extraordinary stability, since the trunk and ground forces converage in this region. The two sacroiliac joints form an integral part of this lumbopelvic unit. Considerable effort has been expended to study and quantify the normal range of movement of the sacroiliac joints Mitchell suggests that the ilium rotates in a posterior direction at heel strike and progresses in an anterior direction as the individual passes through the stance phase. The overall key appears to lie in determining the weight-bearing pattern of the sacroiliac (lumbopelvic) region from above and below that results in the familiar pain of sacroiliac dysfunction, assessing the status of the injured tissues, and intervening with the proper treatment protocols that maximize the body's healing processes. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a comprehensive overview of the sacroiliac joint's tissues and biomechanics, as well as concepts of evaluation and treatment. This overview is aimed at assisting the clinician in identifying the forces that are potentially destructive to the lumbopelvic tissues.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.252-258
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• 2023

The human fetal sacroiliac joint (SIJ) is characterized by unequal development of the paired bones and delayed cavitation. Thus, during the long in utero period, the bony ilium becomes adjacent to the cartilaginous sacrum. This morphology may be analogous to that of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). We examined horizontal histological sections of 24 fetuses at 10-30 weeks and compared the timing and sequences of joint cartilage development, cavitation, and ossification of the ilium. We also examined histological sections of the TMJ and humeroradial joint, because these also contain a disk or disk-like structure. In the ilium, endochondral ossification started in the anterior side of the SIJ, extended posteriorly and reached the joint at 12 weeks GA, and then extended over the joint at 15 weeks GA. Likewise, the joint cartilage appeared at the anterior end of the future SIJ at 12 weeks GA, and extended along the bony ilium posteriorly to cover the entire SIJ at 26 weeks GA. The cavitation started at 15 weeks GA. Therefore, joint cartilage development seemed to follow the ossification of the ilium by extending along the SIJ, and cavitation then occurred. This sequence "ossification, followed by joint cartilage formation, and then cavitation" did not occur in the TMJ or humeroradial joint. The TMJ had a periosteum-like membrane that covered the joint surface, but the humeroradial joint did not. After muscle contraction starts, it is likely that the mechanical stress from the bony ilium induces development of joint cartilage.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.252-260
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• 2020

Objective: Disorder of the autonomic nervous system is considered to be the cause of primary dysmenorrhea. The spine has a close relationship with the autonomic nervous system, and the sacrum is mechanically and neurologically connected to the uterus through ligaments. Therefore, this study was conducted to check the effect on the autonomic nervous system through measurement of heart rate variability by applying manual therapy to the sacroiliac joints of subjects with primary dysmenorrhea and to suggest an effective treatment method for dysmenorrhea. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: Thirty females with dysmenorrhea were assigned to either the manual therapy group and sham treatment group according to the random treatment method. The manual therapy was applied to the sacroiliac joints, and the sham treatment was only treated with the hands placed in the same position of the intervention. Heart rate variability and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were measured on the day when menstruation began ±2. Interventions were performed between the groups, followed by a 5-minute break and then re-measurements were made. Results: There were significant differences in autonomic balance and VAS scores in the manual therapy group before and after the intervention between groups (p<0.05). In the sham treatment group, there were significant differences in low frequency, autonomic balance, and VAS scores (p<0.05). There were significant differences in autonomic balance between groups (p<0.05). Conclusions: In females with primary dysmenorrhea, manual therapy applied to the sacroiliac joint was found to be effective for a short time on autonomic activity.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.61 no.2
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• pp.258-266
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• 2018

Objective : The diagnosis of insufficiency fractures of the sacrum in an elder population increases annually. Fractures show very different morphology. We aimed to classify sacral insufficiency fractures according to the position of cortical break and possible need for intervention. Methods : Between January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2014, all patients with a proven fracture of the sacrum following a low-energy or an even unnoticed trauma were prospectively registered : 117 females and 13 males. All patients had a computer tomography of the pelvic ring, two patients had a magnetic resonance imaging additionally : localization and involvement of the fracture lines into the sacroiliac joint, neural foramina or the spinal canal were identified. Results : Patients were aged between 46 and 98 years (mean, 79.8 years). Seventy-seven patients had an unilateral fracture of the sacral ala, 41 bilateral ala fractures and 12 patients showed a fracture of the sacral corpus : a total of 171 fractures were analyzed. The first group A included fractures of the sacral ala which were assessed to have no or less mechanical importance (n=53) : fractures with no cortical disruption ("bone bruise") (A1; n=2), cortical deformation of the anterior cortical bone (A2; n=4), and fracture of the anterolateral rim of ala (A3; n=47). Complete fractures of the sacral ala (B; n=106) : parallel to the sacroiliac joint (B1; n=63), into the sacroiliac joint (B2; n=19), and involvement of the sacral foramina respectively the spinal canal (B3; n=24). Central fractures involving the sacral corpus (C; n=12) : fracture limited to the corpus or finishing into one ala (C1; n=3), unidirectional including the neural foramina or the spinal canal or both (C2; n=2), and horizontal fractures of the corpus with bilateral sagittal completion (C3; n=8). Sixty-eight fractures proceeded into the sacroiliac joint, 34 fractures showed an injury of foramina or canal. Conclusion : The new classification allowes the differentiation of fractures of less mechanical importance and a risk assessment for possible polymethyl methacrylate leaks during sacroplasty in the direction of the neurological structures. In addition, identification of instable fractures in need for laminectomy and surgical stabilization is possible.

• Journal of Digital Policy
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.21-25
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• 2024

This is a case study that sought to consider whether taping, which focuses on instability of the sacroiliac joint, is a potential intervention method that may be helpful for low back pain. In the case of a 58-year-old participant, we summarized the notable results from a taping training session that a man with a history of back surgery due to disc herniation and stenosis participated in to reduce ongoing pain. As an intervention method, tape was applied between the 2nd and 4th sacrum on both sides from the spinous tuberosity. It was stretched to a tension of 80% and attached past the sacroiliac joint, and then the ends were raised at about 45° on both sides and attached toward the gluteus medius muscle. Then, along the erector spinae muscle from the iliac crest. Bilateral taping up to the level of the 10th rib was applied. Through this intervention, positive case results were observed from both VAS and ODI test tools, with VAS recorded as 5 to 0 and disability index recorded as 13 to 0, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.397-402
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• 2018

The study best image for diagnosis of fracture, dislocation and unilateral degenerative arthritis of the Sacroiliac joint, this study was performed to obtain the best image of the joint space of the hip joint by giving angle change to the pelvis phantom and the x-ray tube. I received evaluation. The results of the Receiver Operating Characteristic that in the case of simple photographs for the detection of joint arthritis and degenerative arthritis in the prone position, the photograph taken in the prone position raises the buttocks of the opposite side of the test by $25^{\circ}{\sim}30^{\circ}$ and the x-ray tube is perpendicular to the sagittal plane passing 2.5 cm inward from the thorny vertebra In the lying position, lift the Sacroiliac joint of the test side by $25^{\circ}{\sim}30^{\circ}$, and take a $5^{\circ}$ angle of the x-ray tube angle toward the foot toward the center of the upper bruch spine from it will be helpful to diagnose arthritis. the center of the upper bruch spine to the side of the ankle joints in the transverse direction And posterior direction, it will be helpful to diagnose arthritis.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.38.1-38.13
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• 2022

Background: Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) technique of sacroiliac luxation in toy breed dogs using cannulated screws has not been described. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of pelvic canal recovery, the reproducibility of successful surgery outcomes, and the acceptable difficulty of the procedure in MIS of sacroiliac luxation in toy breed dogs. Methods: MIS using 2.3-mm cannulated screws was demonstrated in 12 toy breed dog cadavers with sacroiliac luxation artificially induced. Pre and postoperative radiographs were used to evaluate the pelvic canal diameter ratio (PCDR), hemipelvic canal width ratio (HCWR), and reduction rate. Dorsoventral angle (DVA) and craniocaudal angle (CCA) of the inserted screw were obtained postoperative computed tomographic scan. Results: The statistically significant difference between the mean pre and postoperative PCDR was found (1.10 ± 0.12 and 1.26 ± 0.11, respectively; p = 0.002), and the mean HCWR close to 1.0 meaning symmetric pelvis also was obtained (0.97 ± 0.07). The mean DVA and CCA were 2.26° ± 1.33° and 2.60° ± 1.86°, respectively. Conclusions: MIS of sacroiliac luxation using 2.3-mm cannulated screws is applicable to toy breed dogs with acceptable difficulty.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.183-191
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• 2020

Background: Opioids can present intolerable adverse side-effects to patients who use these analgesics to mitigate chronic pain. In this retrospective analysis, cooled radiofrequency (CRF) denervation was evaluated to provide pain and disability relief and reduce opioid use in patients with sacroiliac joint (SIJ) derived low back pain (LBP). Methods: Twenty-seven patients with pain from SIJ refractory to conservative treatments, and taking opioids chronically (> 3 mo), were included. Numeric rating scale (NRS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) scores were collected at 1, 6, and 12 months post-procedure. Opioid use between baseline and each follow-up visit was compared for the entire group and for those who experienced successful (pain reduction ≥ 50% of baseline value) or unsuccessful CRF denervation. Results: Severe initial mean pain (NRS score: 7.7 ± 1.0) and disability (ODI score: 50.1 ± 9.0), and median opioid use (morphine equivalent daily dose: 40 ± 37 mg) were significantly reduced up to 12 months post-intervention. CRF denervation was successful in 44.4% of the patients at 12 months. Regardless of procedure success, patients demonstrated similar opioid reductions and changes in opioid use at 12 months. Two patients (7.4%) experienced neuritis following CRF denervation. Conclusions: CRF denervation of the SIJ can safely elicit pain and disability relief, and reduce opioid use, regardless of intervention success. Future studies may support CRF denervation as a dependable therapy to alleviate opioid use in patients with SIJ-derived LBP and show that opioid use measurements can be a surrogate indicator of pain.