• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
• /
• v.25 no.5
• /
• pp.1245-1255
• /
• 2015

As cloud computing services become popular, the concern on the data security of cloud services increases and the efforts for the data security become essential. In this paper, we describe the pros and cons of cloud computing including the definition of cloud. Then, we discuss the regulations about the protection of user data defined in cloud promotion act. Previous studies related to the privacy protection and the entrustment of personal information in cloud computing are reviewed. We examine how to store the personal information depending on the cloud service model. As a result, we argue that the entrustment of personal information should vary according to the cloud service model and we propose how to protect the personal information on IaaS and SaaS cloud service models.

• 프린팅코리아
• /
• v.11 no.7
• /
• pp.154-157
• /
• 2012

클라우드 프린팅 서비스는 지난 5월에 개최된 드루파2012에서 인쇄시장의 지속적인 성장 동력임을 아주 명확히 보여줬다. 애플리케이션 소프트웨어 제공업체(ASP) 및 소프트웨어 서비스업체(SaaS)에게 있어 오늘날의 주요 과제는 웹 접속성으로 대변된다. 사이버 공간을 활용하는 프린팅 인프라는 보다 빠른 작업을 실현한다.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
• /
• 2012.11a
• /
• pp.343-353
• /
• 2012

오늘날 경영환경은 운송수단의 발달과 정보통신 혁명 등으로 기업들의 급격한 글로벌화가 진행되고 있다. 글로벌한 환경속에서 다양한 고객의 요구를 대응하기 위해 다양한 상품과 서비스를 원하는 시간에 정확하고 합리적인 비용으로 고객에게 전달하기 위하여 많은 물류기업들이 끊임없는 노력을 경주하고 있다. 물류기업은 물류경쟁력을 확보하기 위해 여러 화주의 물량을 공동으로 보관 및 운송 서비스를 수행하는 물류공동화를 수행하거나 관련 물류기업간의 전문화를 통한 다양한 협업 모델을 도입하여 적용하고 있다. 그러나 IT부문의 관점에서 보면 일부 국제물류 등의 수출입 EDI 시스템을 공동으로 활용하거나 운송시스템을 대기업의 서비스사업자를 중심으로 시스템을 공유하는 것을 제외하며 IT시스템 관점에서의 협업 또는 IT공동화 체계는 거의 없는 실정이며, 오히려 물류기업간의 경쟁이 심화되면서 물류기업간의 상호 정보유출 등을 우려하여 매우 폐쇄적으로 운영하고 있는 실정이나 상대적으로 중소물류기업의 입장에서 보면 기업의 영세성 등으로 인해 거의 IT부문에 대한 투자나 활용이 거의 진행되지 못하는 문제점 또한 발생하고 있다. IT시스템을 공동으로 구축 및 활용함으로써 상호간의 비용 절감하고 IT시스템의 전략적 활용을 극대화 하기 위한 방안으로서 물류기업에서 IT공동화의 도입 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 먼저 금융권의 IT공동화 사례 및 국내외 물류관련 사례를 살펴보고, 물류IT공동화의 유사개념인 제4자 물류와 소프트웨어를 필요한 만큼을 필요한 시점에 서비스를 활용할 수 있는 모델인 ASP, SaaS, 클라우드 서비스 등을 비교함으로써 물류IT공동화의 도입 방안과 활용 방안을 제시 하였다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.57 no.12
• /
• pp.46.1-46.19
• /
• 2015

Background: This study examined whether activation of innate immunity and alterations of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism precede development of subclinical mastitis (SCM). Methods: Blood samples were collected from the coccygeal vein from 100 Holstein dairy cows at -8, -4, disease diagnosis week, and +4 weeks postpartum. Six healthy cows (controls - CON) and six cows that showed clinical signs of SCM were selected for serum analyses. All serum samples were analyzed for acute phase proteins (APP) haptoglobin (Hp) and serum amyloid A (SAA); proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and serum lactate, BHBA, and NEFA concentration. Data of DMI, milk production, and milk composition were recorded and analyzed. Results: The results showed that cows with SCM had greater concentrations of SAA, TNF (P < 0.01), and lactate before expected day of parturition (P < 0.05) compared to CON cows. Cows with SCM showed greater concentrations of lactate starting at -8 weeks (P < 0.05) and TNF starting at -4 weeks prior to the expected day of parturition (P < 0.01). Interestingly, at -4 weeks, concentrations of IL-1 and Hp were lower in cows with SCM compared to healthy cows (P < 0.01) followed by an increase during the week of disease diagnosis (P < 0.05). Subclinical mastitis was associated with lower DMI, at -4 weeks before calving, milk production (P < 0.05) and increased somatic cell counts (SCC) (P < 0.01). Conclusions: Results of this study suggest that SCM is preceded by activated innate immunity and altered carbohydrate metabolism in transition dairy cows. Moreover the results support the idea that Hp, lactate, and SAA, at -8 weeks, and TNF and IL-1 at -4 weeks can be used as early indicators to screen cows during dry off for disease state.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.58 no.11
• /
• pp.39.1-39.12
• /
• 2016

Background: The current study investigates the anti-stress effects of clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) extracts (0, 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg) on serum antioxidant biomarkers, immune response, immunological organ growth index, and expression levels of acute phase proteins (APPs); ovotransferrin (OVT), ceruloplasmin (CP), ceruloplasmin (AGP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and serum amyloid-A (SAA) mRNA in the immunological organs of 63-d-old male black-meated Silkie fowls subjected to 21 d chronic heat stress at $35{\pm}2^{\circ}C$. Results: The results demonstrated that clove extract supplementation in the diet of Silkie fowls subjected to elevated temperature (ET) improve growth performance, immune responses, and suppressed the activities of glutathion peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and thioredoxin reductase (TXNRD); reduced serum malonaldehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) concentrations when compared with fowls raised under thermoneutral condition (TC). Upon chronic heat stress and supplementation of clove extracts, the Silkie fowls showed a linear increase in GSH-Px, SOD, CAT, and TXNRD activities (P = 0.01) compared with fowls fed diets without clove extract. ET decreased (P < 0.05) the growth index of the liver, spleen, bursa of Fabricius and thymus. However, the growth index of the liver, spleen, bursa of Fabricius and thymus increased significantly (P < 0.05) which corresponded to an increase in clove supplemented levels. The expression of OVT, CP, AGP, CRP, and SAA mRNA in the liver, spleen, bursa of Fabricius and thymus were elevated (P < 0.01) by ET compared with those maintained at TC. Nevertheless, clove mitigates heat stress-induced overexpression of OVT, CP, AGP, CRP and SAA mRNA in the immune organs of fowls fed 400 mg clove/kg compared to other groups. Conclusions: The results showed that clove extracts supplementation decreased oxidative stress in the heat-stressed black-meated fowls by alleviating negative effects of heat stress via improvement in growth performance, antioxidant defense mechanisms, immunity, and regulate the expression of acute phase genes in the liver and immunological organs.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
• /
• v.7 no.5
• /
• pp.1041-1051
• /
• 2012

Attack on Cloud Computing, an intensive service solution using network infrastructure recently released, generates service breakdown or intrusive incidents incapacitating developmental platforms, web-based software, or resource services. Therefore, it is needed to conduct research on security for the operational information of three kinds of services (3S': laaS, PaaS, SaaS) supported by the Cloud Computing system and also generated data from the illegal attack on service blocking. This paper aims to build a system providing optimal services as a 4-stage defensive method through the test on the attack and defense of Cloud Computing services. It is a defense policy that conducts 4-stage, orderly and phased access control as follows: controlling the initial access to the network, controlling virtualization services, classifying services for support, and selecting multiple routes. By dispersing the attacks and also monitoring and analyzing to control the access by stage, this study performs defense policy realization and analysis and tests defenses by the types of attack. The research findings will be provided as practical foundational data to realize Cloud Computing service-based defense policy.

• Journal of Platform Technology
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.10-31
• /
• 2021

The digital tax, recently referred to as the Google tax was finally agreed at the 31st General Assembly of the OECD (October 8, 2021) with full support by 136 countries and will take effect from 2023. The purpose of this study is to analyze the digital tax prepared by the OECD for global MNEs, and to suggest the impacts on the Korean industry and to present the Korean governmental countermeasures. As the first study, we analyzed the international agreement on digital tax. In results, we found that even if global MNEs do not set up a business operation in overseas countries, if sales and profits are generated, 25% of the excess profit is borne as tax (pillar 1), and when MNEs do business in all the countries, they are liable to at least a 15% tax (pillar 2). We think that countries around the world have prepared a minimum countermeasure to protect their companies in anticipation that global MNEs will easily encroach on their markets in the future. As the second study, in order to discover the reason why the MNEs are so strong, we investigated the trends of Google and B2B SaaS companies in details. In results, we discovered that the global MNEs establishes a digital platform partnership ecosystem that enables them to enter foreign markets easily and expand rapidly. In conclusion, as a countermeasure for the Republic of Korea, governmental policies were proposed at the corporate (startup nurturing), industry, and national level respectively.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
• /
• v.18 no.5
• /
• pp.524-531
• /
• 2014

In this paper, we have proposed the processing and analyzing the linked open data (LOD), a kind of big-data, using resources of cloud computing. The LOD is web-based open data in order to share and recycle of public data. Specially, we defined the InfograaS (Info-graphic as a service), new business area of SaaS (software as a service), to support visualization technique for BA (business analytics) and Info-graphic. The goal of this study is easily to use it by the non-specialist and beginner without experts of visualization and business analysis. Data visualization is the process to represent visually and understand the data analysis easily. The purpose of data visualization is to deliver information clearly and effectively by chart and figure. The big data of public data are shared and presented in the charts and the graphics understood easily by various processing results using Hadoop, R, machine learning, and data mining of open source and resources of cloud computing.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.11 no.5
• /
• pp.2310-2345
• /
• 2017

With the emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) the world is projecting towards a scenario where every object in the world (including humans) acts as a sender and receiver of data and if we were to see that concept mature we would soon be talking of billions more users of the cloud networks. The cloud technology is a very apt alternative to permanent storage when it comes to bulk storage and reporting. It has however shown weaknesses concerning real-time data accessibility and processing. The bandwidth availability of the cloud networks is limited and combined with the highly centralized storage structure and geographical vastness of the network in terms of distance from the end user the cloud just does not seem like a friendly environment for real-time IOT data. This paper aims at highlighting the importance of Flavio Bonomi's idea of Fog Computing which has been glamorized and marketed by Cisco but has not yet been given a proper service architecture that would explain how it would be used in terms of various service models i-e IaaS, PaaS and SaaS, of the Cloud. The main contribution of the paper would be models for IaaS, PaaS and SaaS for Fog environments. The paper would conclude by highlighting the importance of the presented models and giving a consolidated overview of how they would work. It would also calculate the respective latencies for fog and cloud to prove that our models would work. We have used CloudSim and iFogSim to show the effectiveness of the paradigm shift from traditional cloud architecture to our Fog architecture.

• Review of KIISC
• /
• v.30 no.6
• /
• pp.101-106
• /
• 2020

IaaS에서부터 SaaS에 이르기까지 디지털 자산을 구축, 배포 및 사용하는 방식이 바뀌면서, 클라우드 컴퓨팅 환경에서의 보안 위협 환경 또한 진화하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 클라우드 컴퓨팅과 관련된 다양한 응용 및 발생 가능한 보안 위협 및 취약점에 초점을 두어 최근 클라우드 컴퓨팅 보안 동향을 살펴본다. 멀티 테넌시와 관련된 고전적 문제에서부터 클라이언트 측 암호화를 통해 손상된 플랫폼의 위험을 완화하려는 노력, 보안 문제에 대한 중앙 집중화의 영향 및 개선 동향에 대해 검토한다.