• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.237-245
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• 2003

MDS(multi-dimensional scaling) for preference data is a graphical tool which usually figures out how consumers recognize, evaluate certain products. This article is mainly concerned with an optimal scaling for MDS when target configuration is available. Rotation of axis and SUR(seemingly unrelated regression) methods are employed to get a new configuration which is obtained as close to the target as we can. Methodologies developed here are also illustrated via a real data set.

• Proceedings of the Korean Biophysical Society Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.19-19
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• 2001

The genome sequencing has revealed a large number of proteins of unknown or little characterized functions that have been well conserved during evolution. It remains a great challenge to decipher the molecular and physiological functions of these proteins. One example of the evolutionarily conserved protein family with little understood function is the surE family.(omitted)

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.186-195
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• 2014

The purpose of this research is to explain what affects the volunteer center's performance on the basis on the program logic model. We assume that internal factors and external factors influence the organizational performance. For the empirical analysis, we use SUR(seemingly unrelated regression). The major findings of this research are as follows: Frist, organizational budget as internal factors are important influential factors. Second, civil society's capacity variable and stakeholder's support variable affect positively volunteer center's performance. Third, the contract out variable's effect as an operation types is not proven statistically. In case of estimating the multi organizational performance, lastly, the SUR method is prefer to the OLS method in the aspect methodology. However, more systemic study is complemented the panel data for organizational performance.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.53-76
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• 2010

This paper attempts to estimate and compare environmental Kuznets curves (EKC) for$CO_2$ emissions of five regions constituting South Korea. For this, panel data of $CO_2$ emission for these regions are constucted for the period 1990 - 2007. Close inter-dependency among these five regions is considered by using a seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) model. In addition to real per-capita income, price index of energy sources and population dens ity are included as control variables. Results of estimates show the robust existence of EKC's in all these regions. EKC turning points of five regions range between 13.7 and 21.6 million Korean Won, showing a large variation. This difference among regions should be conisidered for the effective implementation of policies targeting the reduction of $CO_2$ emmission. In addition, the increase of energy price is found help reduce the $CO_2$ emmision while the rise of population density seems to lead to the increase of $CO_2$ emission.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.991-1002
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• 2014

Both Bayesian and maximum likelihood methods are efficient for the estimation of regression coefficients of various Tobit regression models (see. e.g. Chib, 1992; Greene, 1990; Lee and Choi, 2013); however, some researchers recognized that the maximum likelihood method tends to underestimate the disturbance variance, which has implications for the estimation of marginal effects and the asymptotic standard error of estimates. The underestimation of the maximum likelihood estimate in a seemingly unrelated Tobit regression model is examined. A Bayesian method based on an objective noninformative prior is shown to provide proper estimates of the disturbance variance as well as other regression parameters

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.81-105
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to estimate the cost-saving effect of R&D investment in the ICT industry. As is well known, the R&D investment induces both the product innovation and the process innovation, in turn leads the effect of creating profit and cutting cost. However, it appears that studies concerned with the cost-saving effect of R&D investment have been unproductive, while most existing studies concentrate on the topic involved with the creating profit of R&D investment. Therefore, we extend the effect of R&D investment to a framework of the cost-saving focusing on the ICT industry. To empirically analyze the effect, we built a simultaneous three-equation model comprising a translog cost function and two cost share equations, and employed the SUR analysis. As a result, we found out that the cost-saving effect on the total cost is statistically significant. In addition, we examined relationships between the R&D investment and each cost of production elements. The results show that on the one hand, the R&D investment and the intermediate good cost have the substitution relationship. On the other hand, the complementary relationship is observed between the R&D investment and each labor or capital cost.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.187-202
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• 2021

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The exposure to sucrose in rats has mimic abnormalities attributed to metabolic syndrome (MetS). The effects of honey bee and "free" glucose and fructose, have not been explored in this context. The aim was to expose Wistar rodents to sucrose solution (SS), honey solution (HS) and fructose/glucose solution (GFS) at 30% to assess their effects. SUBJECTS/METHODS: HS (n = 10), SS (n = 10) and GFS (n = 10) groups were formed. Solutions were ad libitum along 14-weeks. RESULTS: Between solutions consumptions, honey was significantly 42% higher (P = 0.000), while similar consumption was observed among GFS and SS. The feeding pattern of HS consumption was irregular along experiment; while the food intake pattern showed the similar trend among groups along time. Non statistical differences were obtained in any biochemical and anthropometric measure, however, a higher concentration of leptin (721 ± 507 pg/mL), lower concentration of total cholesterol (TC; 48.87 ± 2.41 mg/100 mL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL; 16.47 ± 6.55 mg/100 mL) and triglycerides (82.37 ± 32.77 mg/100 mL) was obtained in SS group. For anthropometric values, HS showed less total adipose tissue (AT; average 26 vs. 31-33 g) and adiposity index (average 6.11 vs. 7.6). Due to sugar-sweetened beverages consumption increases the risk for the development of chronic diseases; correlations between fluid intake and anthropometric and biochemical parameters were assessed. A moderate correlation was obtained in groups with the weight of total AT and solution intake; for the weight gain in GFS group and for triglycerides in HS and GFS. The highest hepatic tissue damage was observed in SS group with multiple intracytoplasmic vacuoles, atypia changes, moderate pleomorphism and hepatocellular necrosis. CONCLUSIONS: In spite of the significantly higher consumption of HS, biochemical, anthropometrical and histological effects were not remarkably different in comparision to other sweeteners.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.237-245
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• 2021

PURPOSE. This study aimed to compare the microshear bond strength (µSBS) of dual-cure resin cement in CAD-CAM zirconia after different cleaning techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Fifty discs of zirconia-based ceramic from Ivoclar Vivadent were embedded in acrylic resin. The discs were divided into five groups according to the cleaning methods used: Group 1: drying with spraying + sandblasting with Al₂O₃; Group 2: washed with water and dried with spraying + sandblasting with Al₂O₃;Group 3: washed with distilled water and dried with spraying + sandblasting with Al₂O₃ + zirconium oxide (Ivoclean); Group 4: washed with distilled water and dried with spraying + sandblasting with Al₂O₃ + potassium hydroxide (Zirclean); and Group 5: washed with distilled water and dried with spraying + sandblasting with Al₂O₃ + 1% NaClO. All of the groups were contaminated with artificial saliva for 1 minute and then cleaned. Statistical analyses were performed using ANOVA and Tukey's tests. RESULTS. There were statistically significant differences among all groups for µSBS (P < .05). The group treated with zirconium oxide (Group 3) showed the highest µSBS (18.75 ± 0.23 MPa). CONCLUSION. When applied to zirconia, the cleaning methods affected the bonding with resin cement differently.

• 한국프랑스학논집
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• v.105
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• pp.1-33
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• 2019

Eugène Delacroix a laissé un tableau intitulé Femmes d'Alger dans leur appartement en 1834. Pablo Picasso créa une série de 15 tableaux et de nombreux dessins, Les Femmes d'Alger, en 1955, en hommage. Assia Djebar a transformé les femmes d'Alger dans leur appartement d'objets passifs sur lesquels des points de vue extérieurs se profilent en êtres concrets et respirants de l'histoire, exprimant leur propre vie en se plaçant aux côtés des maîtres de l'art européen. Assia Djebar a voulu décrire la vie de femmes algériennes, ce que la peinture de Delacroix ne révèle pas. Dans le contexte d'un pays libéré, elle rêvait de libérer les femmes des chaînes qui subsistaient. Le premier moyen était de donner la voix aux femmes et de la documenter pour assurer la survie des histoires. Dans les Femmes d'Alger dans leur appartement, Assia Djebar donne la parole aux femmes de harem colorées mais sans vie et mélancoliques de la peinture de Delacroix qui étaient très probablement illettrées. Et elle s'assure que son travail existe dans la tension tendue entre l'image et le texte. Assia Djebar cherche à libérer les femmes du silence forcé et de l'espace restreint du harem par le biais de récits percutants qui peuvent désormais être communiqués au monde extérieur par l'écriture. L'auteur insiste particulièrement sur la solidarité féminine, car elle considère que c'est la clé pour rompre avec le patriarcat qui pèse lourdement sur les femmes. Assia Djebar guide également les femmes pour qu'elles apprécient le fait que leur vie ne diffère pas trop des oppressions que subissent depuis longtemps les autres femmes. Le message est que c'est à travers les mots et les lettres que l'on peut être conduit à cette prise de conscience pour lutter et se libérer.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.96-114
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• 2000

Genetically selected beef cattle are fed high-energy diets in intensive production systems developed in industrial countries. This type of feeding can induce rumen dysfunctions that have to be corrected by farmers to optimise cost-effectiveness. The risk of rumen acidosis can be reduced by using slowly degradable starch, which partly escapes rumen fermentation and goes on to be digested in the small intestine. Additives are proposed to stabilise the rumen pH and restrict lactate accumulation, thus favouring the growth of cellulolytic bacteria and stimulating the digestion of the dietary plant cell wall fraction. This enhances the energy value of feeds when animals are fed maize silage for example. Supplementation of lipids to increase energy intake is known to influence the population of rumen protozoa and some associated rumen functions such as cellulolysis and proteolysis. The end products of rumen fermentation are also changed. Lipolysis and hydrogenation by rumen microbes alter the form of fatty acids supplied to animals. This effect is discussed in relation with the quality of lipids in beef and the implications for human health. Conditions for optimising the amount of amino acids from microbial proteins and dietary by-pass proteins flowing to the duodenum of ruminants, and their impact on beef production, are also examined.