• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.626-632
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• 2000

Brazilin, an active principle of Caesalprenia sappan, was examined for its immunopotentiating effects in multiple low dose streptozotocin (MLD-STZ) induced type diabetic mice. Brazilin was intraperitoneally administered for 5 consecutive days to MLD-STZ induced type 1 diabetic mice. Delayed type hypersensitivity, Con A-induced proliferation of splenocytes and mixed lymphocyte reaction, which had been decreased in diabetic mice, were significantly recovered by the administration of brazilin. Brazilin increased IL-2 production without affecting suppressor cell activity. Con A-induced and IL-2-induced expression of high affinity IL-2 receptors were also enhanced by brazilin. These results indicate that brazilin augments cellular immune responses, which are suppressed in the MLD-STZ induced type I diabetic mice, by increasing IL-2 production and responsiveness of immune cells to IL-2.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.452-457
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• 2008

This study examined the effects of the daily administration of high-molecular-weight (HMW) chitosan in drinking water (0.8 %) on kidney function in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic ICR mice. The HMW chitosan lowered the blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum and urine creatinine levels, urine protein levels, and albuminuria and reduced the kidney weight in STZ-induced type 1 diabetic ICR mice. On histopathological findings, capillary loops are open, but narrowed, and the mesangial matrix enlarged in the STZ-induced diabetic ICR mice. By contrast, the capillary loops and mesangial matrix of the chitosan-treated ICR mice were nearly normal compared with the STZ-induced diabetic ICR mice.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.923-927
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• 2009

Effects of deep sea water on blood glucose and the Langerhans' islet in STZ-induced type I diabetic mice were investigated. Results showed that diabetic symptoms in STZ-induced diabetic mice improve with a supplement of deep sea water. That is, the level of blood glucose was lower, the area of the Langerhan' islet was wider, and the number of pancreatic $\beta$-cells was larger in the diabetic mice supplied with deep sea water than in the diabetic mice supplied with tap water. Such effects might be related to the high level of Mg$^{2+}$ in the deep sea water.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.14-20
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• 2000

This study was designed to investigate the effect of dietary Platycodon grandiflorum on plasma glucose and lipid metabolism in $KK-A^y$ mice and STZ-induced diabetic rats. Both plasma triglyceride and plasma cholesterol levels in STZ-induced diabetic rats were significantly decreased by dietary Platycodon grandiflorum feeding for 4 weeks compared to those of control rats, but there were no marked differences in $KK-A^y$ mice. However, for plasma glucose values, Platycodon grandiflorum feeding resulted in a significant decrease in both STZ-induced diabetic rats and $KK-A^y$ mice. Also, dietary Platycodon grandiflorum slightly decreased the postprandial glucose level at 30 and 60 mins during oral glucose tolerance test in $KK-A^y$ mice. Although there was no statistical significance, the fasting plasma insulin levels of Platycodon grandiflorum dieted $KK-A^y$ mice tended to decrease when compared to that of control mice. Therefore, the present results suggested that dietary Platycodon grandiflorum may have a beneficial effect on preventing hypercholesterolemia and hyperlipidemia.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.818-824
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• 2015

Makgeolli is a health beneficial food for diabetes compared to other alcoholic beverages. We examined the effect of Makgeolli on blood glucose level and survival rate in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mouse model. We force fed 30 male STZ-induced diabetic ICR mice Makgeolli consisting of 6% alcohol (DM-MAK), 6% ethanol (DM-EtOH), or distilled water (DM-DW) for 4 weeks. In the DM-MAK group, food intake and water intake were higher than those of other groups after 4 weeks. Body weight, however, was not different among the experimental groups. We also found no significant difference in blood glucose level among the experimental groups. In normal ICR mice fed Makgeolli for 1 week, the area of the blood glucose curve was higher than those of other groups fed 6% ethanol, 2% glucose, or distilled water. Survival rates of STZ-induced diabetic mice fed Makgeolli, 6% ethanol, or DW for 4 weeks were 100%, 25%, and 62.5%, respectively. In conclusion, Makgeolli had no beneficial effect on blood glucose in a STZ-induced diabetic mouse model, although their survival rate was high. These results show that Makgeolli has an effect on type 1 diabetes through other mechanisms than blood glucose control.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.133.1-133.1
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• 2003

The antidiabetic effect of Cordyceps militaris (CM) extracted fractions, Fl (CCCA, Crude Cordycepin Containing Adenosine), F2 (Ethanol precipitation), F3 (Ethanol soluble supernatant) and F4 (fraction of through SK-1B), was investigated in streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic mice. The results indicated F3 of CM lowered the blood glucose level than control in STZ-diabetic mice. High blood glucose was induced in mice by intraperitoneal injections of STZ (150 mg/kg). The F3-ESS, which contents cordycepin, strongly showed inhibitory actibity by 33.4% in mice loaded with starch (2 g/kg). (omitted)

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.510-518
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• 2007

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Jaeumyangyung-tang(滋陰養榮場(JY), JA-0.65g/kg;JB-1.3g/kg) on hyperglycemic mice induced with streptozotocin(STZ). Methods : The experiment operated for 6 weeks. The rats were divided into 3 groups : diabetic group(control group), diabetic group treated with JA(0.65g/kg) for 6 weeks, and diabetic group treated with Jb(1.3g/kg) for 6 weeks. Results : In the STZ-induced diabetic group, blood glucose levels significantly increased as well as the loss of body weight. The levels of serum glucose decreased significantly (p<0.05 or p<0.01) in the JA and JB groups compared with the control. According to a tolerance test, intraperitoneal glucose was ameliorated in the JA and JB groups. The blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels slightly decreased. Histologic analyses of the pancreases revealed that the ${\beta}-cells$ on Langerhans' islets were destroyed by STZ, but the ${\beta}-cell$ mass was larger in the JY than in the control mice. Conclusions : These results indicate that JY can exert beneficial effects on diabetes. preservation of in vivo ${\beta}-cell$ function and regeneration of ${\beta}-cell$ dysfunction by STZ.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.1771-1779
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• 2018

Chrysanthemum zawadskii (CZ) is a perennial herb belonging to the Asteraceae family. CZ is used medicinally to treat inflammatory and uterine diseases in Asia. CZ was extracted with 50% ethanol and CZ extract (CZE; at 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg body weight) was administered orally every day for 5 or 6 weeks to investigate the anti-diabetic effects in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced rats and STZ + high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. CZE significantly decreased fasting blood glucose levels in STZ- and STZ + HFD-induced diabetic models. In addition, glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance were improved in the STZ + HFD + CZE group by increasing insulin levels and decreasing hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in serum. Furthermore, CZE supplements decreased components of the serum lipid profile such as triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. These results suggest that CZE may be a potential candidate for controlling hyperglycemia.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.166-171
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• 2017

In this study, we investigated whether Sargassum yezoense extract (SYE) could inhibit ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ and ${\alpha}-amylase$ activities, and alleviate postprandial hyperglycemia in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. Freeze-dried S. yezoense was extracted with 80% ethanol and concentrated for use in this study. The hypoglycemic effect was determined by evaluating the inhibitory activities of SYE against ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ and ${\alpha}-amylase$ as well as its ability to decrease postprandial blood glucose levels. The half-maximal inhibitory concentrations of SYE against ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ and ${\alpha}-amylase$ were $0.078{\pm}0.004$ and $0.212{\pm}0.064mg/mL$, respectively. SYE was a more effective inhibitor of ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ and ${\alpha}-amylase$ activities than the positive control, acarbose. The increase in postprandial blood glucose levels was significantly alleviated in the SYE group compared with that in the control group of STZ-induced diabetic mice. Furthermore, the area under the curves significantly decreased with SYE administration in STZ-induced diabetic mice. These results suggest that SYE is a potent inhibitor of ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ and ${\alpha}-amylase$ activities and alleviates postprandial hyperglycemia caused by dietary carbohydrates.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.257-267
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• 2018

The present study aimed to evaluate the cinnamic acid effect on memory impairment, oxidative stress, and cholinergic dysfunction in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic model in mice. In this experimental study, 48 male Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) mice (30-35 g) were chosen and were randomly divided into six groups: control, cinnamic acid (20 mg/kg day, i.p.), diabetic, and cinnamic acid-treated diabetic (10, 20 and 40 mg/kg day, i.p.). Memory was impaired by administering an intraperitoneal STZ injection of 50 mg/kg. Cinnamic acid was injected for 40 days starting from the 21st day after confirming STZ-induced dementia to observe its therapeutic effect. Memory function was assessed using cross-arm maze, morris water maze and passive avoidance test. After the administration, biochemical parameters of oxidative stress and cholinergic function were estimated in the brain. Present data indicated that inducing STZ caused significant memory impairment, whereas administration of cinnamic acid caused significant and dose-dependent memory improvement. Assessment of brain homogenates indicated cholinergic dysfunction, increase in lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and decrease in glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities in the diabetic group compared to the control animals, whereas cinnamic acid administration ameliorated these indices in the diabetic mice. The present study demonstrated that cinnamic acid improves memory by reducing the oxidative stress and cholinergic dysfunction in the brain of diabetic mice.