• Applied Microscopy
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.54-64
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• 2013

The study examined the antioxidant activities and anti-inflammatory effects of rutin from the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Results revealed that the levels of plasma glucose and serum glucose were remarkably higher in the STZ-treated group compared to other groups and were significantly reduced in the STZ+rutin treated group compared to the STZ-treated group. In terms of weight, it significantly increased in all experimental groups during the experiment period except for STZ-induced diabetic group. The weight of the STZ-treated group was remarkably reduced compared to other groups. Regarding the weight of each body organ, the STZ-treated group showed higher organ weight compared to the other groups while STZ+rutin-treated group showed significantly reduced kidney and liver weights compared to those of STZ-treated group. In the pancreas tissue of the STZ-treated group, ${\beta}$-cell destruction and vacuolization were observed. Inflammation in the heart, liver, kidney, and retina tissues were also vividly recorded. In the STZ+rutin administered group, the heart and retina tissues were shown to be preserved normally while the liver and kidney tissues showed reduced histopathology in general compared to the STZ-treated group. Conclusionally, the rutin has the effect on the antioxidant activities and anti-inflammation in the STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.1-14
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• 2003

Objective : The aim of the study was to investigate the preventive effect of Acanthopanax senticosus(AS) aqua-acupuncture into Sinsu(BL23) of the multiple low-does strepozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods : The experimental animals were divided into 4 groups : normal group of rats, control group of multiple low-does STZ-induced diabetic rats, NSAA group with 0.4ml normal saline(NS) aqua-acupunctured subcutaneously into Sinsu in multiple low-does STZ-induced diabetic rats, and ASAA group with 0.4ml of 20% AS aqua-acupunctured subcutaneously into Sinsu in multiple low-does STZ-induced diabetic rats. Each of AS and NS aqua-acupuncture was done subcutaneously into both loci of Sinsu taking turns everyday for 3 weeks. Thereafter the levels of serum glucose, body weight, index of kidney hypertrophy, urine glucose, urinary albumin excretion, creatinine clearance, mesangial cell and TGF-${\beta}1$ expression in glomeruli and tubular cells were measured on the determined day. Conclusions : 1. Both ASAA and NSAA groups decreased the serum glucose levels in multiple low-dose STZ-induced diabetic rats as compared to the cintrol group, and ASAA group showed more significant decreases than NSAA group. 2. Both ASAA and NSAA groups prevented the development of diabetes in multiple low-dose STZ-induced diabetic rats as compared to the control group, and ASAA group prevented more markedly the development of diabetes than NSAA group. 3. Both ASAA and NSAA groups prevented the reduction of body weight in multiple low-dose STZ-induced diabetic rats as compared to the control group, and ASAA group showed the same as the normal group. 4. Both ASAA and NSAA groups did not show any changes of the creatinine clearance in multiple low-does STZ-induced diabetic rats. 5. Both ASAA and NSAA groups prevented the excretion of urinary glucose and albumin in multiple low-dose STZ-induced diabetic rats as compared to the cintrol group, and ASAA group showed more significant prevention than NSAA group. 6. Both ASAA and NSAA groups prevented the expansion of glomerular cells and the protein expression of transforming growth factor-${\beta}1$ in multiple low-dose STZ-induced diabetic rats as compared to the cintrol group, and ASAA group prevented more significantly than NSAA group.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.306-311
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• 1991

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of pretreatment with nicotinamide on the serum lipid composition and atherosclerotic index in streptozotocin ( STZ ) - induced diabetic rats. Nicotinamide pretreatment in STZ-induced diabetic rats inhibited the rise of serum glucose concentration. Serum total lipids and triglyceride levels in the STZ-induced diabetic rats were significantly higher than those in the control group. But in the group pretreated with nicotin-amide, triglyceride and lipid levels were significantly lower compared with those of STZ-induced diabetic rat group without nicotinamide. However, the serum phospholipid levels were not statistically different among treatment groups. In the STZ-induced diabetic group, the serum total cholesterol, VLDL, LDL-cholesterol levels and atherosclerotic index were higher and HDL-cholesterol level was lower compared to the control group. However, these changes were prevented by nicotinamide pretreatment. Pretreatment with nicotinamide significantly increased tile activities of serum lipase compared to the STZ-treated group. Aminotranferase (ALT, AST) activities were not significantly different in any of the groups.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.691-696
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• 2010

In this study, we investigated the antioxidative effects of So-Dang-Tang (SDT) on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of STZ (45 mg/kg body weight) into Sprague-Dawley rats. The SDT (200 mg/kg) and the reference drug, glibenclimide (1mg/kg), were orally administered once a day for 28 days in STZ-induced diabetic rats. The activity of antioxidant enzymes, including those of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase, and the levels of glutathione (GSH) and production of malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in the liver, kidney, and pancreas of diabetic rats. Treatment with SDT in STZ-induced diabetic rats significantly increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes and GSH levels in the liver, kidney, and pancreas when compared to those of the STZ-control group. SDT also significantly decreased lipid peroxidation product and MDA levels in STZ-induced diabetic rats. These results indicate that SDT has an antioxidative action in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.231-236
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• 1996

In our previous study (Kim et al, 1991), GLUT 4 protein content correlated negatively with plasma glucose levels in skeletal muscles of STZ-induced diabetic rats. Thus, in this study, to confirm whether expression of GLUT 4 correlate negatively with degree of hyperglycemia, we measured levels of GLUT 4 mRNA in red and white gastrocnemius muscles in STZ-induced mild and severe diabetic rats. Rats were randomly assigned to control, mild, and severe diabetic groups, and the diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal administration of STZ. The experiment was carried out 10 days after STZ administration. Gastrocnemius red and white muscles were used fur the measurement of GLUT 4 expression. Plasma glucose levels of mild and severe diabetic rats were increased compared to control rats (control, mild, and severe diabetes; $6.4{\pm}0.32,\;9.4{\pm}0.68,\;and\;22.0{\pm}0.58$ mmol/L, respectively). Plasma insulin levels of mild and severe diabetic rats were decreased compared to control rats (control, mild, and severe diabetes; $198{\pm}37,\;l14{\pm}14,\;and\;90{\pm}15$ pmol/L, respectively). GLUT 4 mRNA levels of gastrocnemius red muscles in mild and severe diabetic rats were decreased compared to control rats ($64{\pm}1.2%\;and\;71{\pm}2.0%$ of control, respectively), but GLUT 4 mRNA levels in gastrocnemius white muscles were unaltered in diabetic rats. In summary, GLUT 4 mRNA levels were decreased in STZ-induced diabetic rats but did not correlated negatively with degree of hyperglycemia, and this result suggest that the regulatory mechanisms of decreased GLUT 4 mRNA levels are hypoinsulinemia and/or other metabolic factor but not hyperglycemia. And regulation of GLUT 4 expression in STZ-induced diabetes between red and white enriched skeletal muscles may be related to a fiber specific gene regulatory mechanism.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.335-343
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• 2003

This study was designed to investigate the hypoglycemic effects of Benincasa hispida (Wax gourd) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in the male rats by intravenous injection of STZ at a dose of 45 mg/kg dissolved in citrate buffer. The diabetic animals then had plasma glucose concentration of above 300mg/dl. The experimental groups were divided into five groups; normal, STZ-control and three Wax gourd groups (5%, 10% and 20% intake groups). Normal and STZ-control groups were fed on a AIN-93 diet and experimental groups were fed a AIN-93 diet with the Wax gourd powder (5%, 10% and 20%/kg diet) for 4 weeks. The body weight, diet intake and feed efficiency ratio (FER) were monitored. The blood glucose and cholesterol levels were determined everyweek. After 4 weeks, the rats were sacrificed and the levels of glucose, insulin, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride and free fatty acids in plasma and levels of glycogen in liver and muscle were analyzed. Diabetic rats showed the lower weight gain compared to the normal rats. The weight gain and feed efficiency ratios in 15 and 20% Wax gourd groups were higher than in STZ-control group. The plasma glucose levels were significantly lower in all Wax gourd groups than in STZ-control group. The plasma insulin levels in diabetic groups were not significantly different compared to the normal group, but the level of 20% Wax gourd group was higher than other diabetic groups. The experimental diabetic groups showed the higher levels of muscle glycogen compared to STZ-control group. The lower levels of plasma cholesterol were noticed in 20% Wax gourd group throughout the experimental period. The plasma level of triglyceride was elevated in STZ-diabetic control and the levels were slightly decreased in Wax gourd groups. Rats of 10% Wax gourd group showed the lower levels of plasma free fatty acids. It is suggested, from the results, that the possibility of therapeutic or preventive use of wax gourd to the diabetes mellitus.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.372-381
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• 2010

This study was designed to examine the effects of sea buckthorn (SBT) on the plasma blood glucose and cholesterol level in diabetic rats. Diabetes mellitus was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200~220 g by an injection of streptozotocin (STZ) dissolved in a citrate buffer into the tail vein at a dose of 45 mg/kg of body weight. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed an AIN-93 recommended diet and the experimental groups were fed a modified diet containing 10% and 20% of SBT powder for 4 weeks. The experimental groups were divided into 6 groups which consisted of normal (N)-control group, N-SBT 10% and N-SBT 20% treated groups, STZ-control, STZ-SBT 10% and STZ-SBT 20% treated groups. The rats' body weight, aminotransferase activities and hematocrit (Hct) values were measured along with plasma levels of blood glucose and cholesterol. Body weight losses were observed by diabetic groups While the nondiabetic rats gained weight. There were significant differences between the control group and the diabetic groups in the weight of kidney. Aspartate aminotransferase activity was lower in the non-diabetic group compared to diabetic experimental groups. The blood glucose were significantly decreased in the 10% SBT of diabetic group. The cholesterol level of STZ-SBT 10% and STZ- SBT 20% were significantly lower than for the STZ-control group. These results show that the supplementation of sea buckthorn leave powder may have favorable influence on reducing blood glucose and cholesterol level in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.2 s.30
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• pp.337-347
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of pretreatment with Saegchinyanghyoltang(SYT) on the serum lipid composition and atherosclerotic index in streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats. SYT pretreatment in STZ-induced diabetic rats inhibited the rise of serum glucose concentration. Serum total lipids and triglyceride levels in the STZ -induced diabetic rats were significantly higher than those in the control group. But in the group pretreated with SYT, triglyceride and lipid levels were significantly lower compared with those of STZ -induced diabetic rat group without STZ. However, the serum phospholipid levels were not statistically different among treatment groups. In the STZ-induced diabetic group, the serum total cholesterol, VLDL-, LDL-cholesterol levels and atherosclerotic index Were higher and HDL-cholesterol level was lower compared to the control group. However, these changes were prevented by SYT pretreatment Pretreatment with SYT significantly increased the activities of serum lipase compared to the STZ-treated group.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.445-451
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was carried out to examine the effects of onion kimchi extract supplementation on blood glucose level and serum lipid components in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats for 4 weeks. STZ was administered as a single dose (50 mg/kg BW) to induce diabetes, and the diabetic rats were divided into eight groups (normal, diabetic control, and six treatment groups). The dose of onion kimchi extract 100 (OK-100), 200 (OK-200), and 400 (OK-400) mg/kg/day or quercetin as a main compound of onion 5 (Q-5), 10 (Q-10), and 20 (Q-20) mg/kg/day were orally administered daily to STZ-induced diabetic rats for 4 weeks after STZ injection. The diabetic control rats (465.6 mg/dL) showed significantly higher blood glucose level than the normal rats (76.3 mg/dL) after 4 weeks, but was significantly reduced with onion kimchi extract and quercetin supplementation (p<0.001). Changes in body weight, kidney weight and urine volume were not significantly different in diabetic control rats, and in onion kimchi extract and quercetin treated rats. The serum total cholesterol levels of control were significantly decreased in onion kimchi extract and quercetin supplementation groups, respectively (p<0.001). The blood urea nitrogen level and urinary protein excretion in diabetic rats were not significant different among the groups. These results suggest that onion kimchi extract supplementation in STZ-induced diabetic rats may be a very important factor for the reduction of blood glucose and serum cholesterol profiles.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.437-442
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• 1996

Hypoglycemic effect of Tabebuia avellandae was investigated in the streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by injections of STZ (45 mg/kg, i.v.). Rats weighing 200-250 g were divided into 6 groups: normal, STZ-control, hexane fr., CHCl$_3$fr., BuOH fr. and $H_2O$ fr. group. Normal and STZ-control rats received 3% Tween 80 only. Four groups of diabetic rats were administered orally at doses of 100, 400, 300 and 400 mg/kg/day of hexane, CHC1$_3$, BuOH and $H_2O$ fr. respectively. Fractions were administered orally to the rats for 7 days after STZ injection. All rats were anesthetized with ether, blood samples were taken by cardiac puncture for clinical chemistry and the rats were killed by exsanguination. Liver, kidney, heart and spleen were removed, weighed and analyzed. We measured glucose, protein, cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the plasma and glycogen, cholesterol and triglyceride levels in liver. The extent of blood glucose decrement in rats administered $H_2O$ fraction was greater than that in the STZ-control rats. The serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels were significantly lowered by administration of $H_2O$ fraction compared with those of STZ-control group. Treatment of rats with Tabebuia avellandae fractions caused decreases in STZ-induced elevation of cholesterol and triglyceride. Liver triglyceride level was significantly lowered hexane and BuOH fraction group compared with STZ-control group. These results suggest that $H_2O$ fraction of Tabebuia avellandae has the hypoglycemic action against STZ-induced diabetic rats.