• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.11
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• pp.95-100
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• 2020

Nifty Bank Index has started trading in futures and options (F&O) segment from 13^th June 2005 in National Stock Exchange. The purpose of the study is to enhance the literature by examining expiration effect on the price volatility and price reversal of Underlying Index in India. Historical data used for the current study primarily comprise of daily close prices of Nifty Bank which is the only equity sectoral index in India which is traded in derivatives market and its Future contract value is derived from the underlying CNX Bank Index during the period 1^st January 2010 till 31^st March 2020. To check stationarity of the data, Augmented Dicky Fuller test was used. The study employed ARMA- EGARCH model for analysing the data. The empirical results revealed that there is no effect on the mean returns of underlying Index and EGARCH (1,1) model furthermore shows there is existence of leverage effect in the Bank Index i.e., negative shocks causes more fluctuations in the Index than positive news of similar magnitude. The outcome of the study specifies that there is no effect on volatility on the underlying sectoral index due to expiration days and also observed no price reversal effect once the expiration days are over.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.43-54
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• 1985

Recently, rapid palatal expansion technique is widely used for the correction of the skeletal imbalance in Cl III malocclusion patients. There were many studies about the cephalometric changes to rapid palatal expansion but quantitative analysis were small. The purpose of this study was to analysis the stresses and displacement of the maxilla in human dry skull to rapid palatal expansion. The results were as follows: 1. The anterior portion of palate show more lateral and inferior displacement than the posterior portion. But the posterior portion show more anterior displacement. 2. In transpalatal suture area, the medial portion show more anterior and inferior displacement than the lateral portion. But the lateral portion show more lateral displacement than the medial portion. 3. In mid-sagittal plane, the lower portion (palatal area) of maxilla show more anterior, lateral, inferior displacement than the upper portion (frontamaxillary stuture area). 4. In zygomatic arch, the adjacent area to maxilla show tonsil. stresses and the adjacent area to frontal bone show compressive stresses. 5. The sequence of stress bearing area to R.P.E. is upper retromolar area, upper 1st molar, 1st premolar, 2nd premolar, anterior segment of teeth.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.97-102
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• 2004

Anomalous systemic arterial supply to the lung is a rare congenital anomaly. The lung supplied by the anomalus systemic artery has a normal bronchial tree, which is usually in the basal segment of the lung, especially in the left lung. Most of patients are asymptomatic, but the main clinical symptoms of this disease are hemoptysis and exertional dyspnea. CT is useful for the diagnosis and showed a retrocardiac nodular shadow connected to the descending aorta branching into the basal segments of the relatively normal lower lobe. Surgery is indicated for all patients. Here we report a case of anomalous systemic arterial supply to normal basal segments of left lower lobe in a patient with hemoptysis with a review of the relevant literature.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.156-163
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• 2021

Recently, neuromelanin and nigrosome imaging techniques have been developed to evaluate the substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease. Previous studies have shown potential benefits of quantitative analysis of neuromelanin and nigrosome images in the substantia nigra, although visual assessments have been performed to evaluate structures in most studies. In this study, we investigate the potential of using deep learning based automatic region segmentation techniques for quantitative analysis of the substantia nigra. The deep convolutional neural network was trained to automatically segment substantia nigra regions on 3D nigrosome and neuromelanin sensitive MR images obtained from 30 subjects. With a 5-fold cross-validation, the mean calculated dice similarity coefficient between manual and deep learning was 0.70 ± 0.11. Although calculated dice similarity coefficients were relatively low due to empirically drawn margins, selected slices were overlapped for more than two slices of all subjects. Our results demonstrate that deep convolutional neural network-based method could provide reliable localization of substantia nigra regions on neuromelanin and nigrosome sensitive MR images.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.141-145
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• 2020

The most common symptom of aortic dissection is chest pain, which is similar to acute coronary artery syndrome, making it difficult to diagnose with clinical pattern, requiring various diagnostic methods. About 10-15% of the aortic dissection patients are accompanied by changes in the ST segment by the dissecting flap of the coronary opening, which can lead to delayed diagnosis of aortic dissection, or can adversely affect the patient by administration to unnecessary drugs such as nitroglycerin, thrombolytic agent, and anticoagulants. It is difficult to distinguish aortic dissection from an acute myocardial infarction only through a 12-Lead electrocardiogram at the pre-hospital. The application of cardiac ultrasonography through medical direction to chest pain patients who show ST segmental changes in pre-hospital phase will contribute to the diagnosis of aortic dissection and the improvement of survival rate, such as anticoagulant administration, to patients with acute myocardial infarction.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.394-397
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• 2023

The posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) is often involved in pathologies of the posterior cranial fossa. Therefore, a good understanding of the vessel's normal and variant courses is important to the neurosurgeon or neurointerventionalist. During the routine microdissection of the craniocervical junction, an unusual arrangement between the highest denticulate ligament and PICA was observed. On the right side, the PICA was given rise to by the V4 segment of the vertebral artery 9 mm after the artery entered the dura mater of the posterior cranial fossa. The artery made an acute turn around the lateral edge of the highest denticulate ligament to then recur 180 degrees and travel medially toward the brainstem. Invasive procedures that target the PICA should be aware of the variant as described herein.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.280-288
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• 2008

Purpose: To identify the inter-fractional shift pattern and to assess an adequate treatment margin in the radiotherapy of a liver tumor using mega-voltage computed tomography (MVCT) of a tomotherapy unit. Materials and Methods: Twenty-six patients were treated for liver tumors by tomotherapy from April 2006 to August 2007. The MVCT images of each patient were analyzed from the $1^{st}$ to the $10^{th}$ fraction for the assessment of the daily liver shift by four groups based on Couinard's proposal. Daily setup errors were corrected by bony landmarks as a prerequisite. Subsequently, the anterior-, posterior-, right-, and left shifts of the liver edges were measured by maximum linear discrepancies between the kilo-voltage computed tomography (KVCT) image and MVCT image. All data were set in the 2-dimensional right angle coordinate system of the transverse section of each patient's body. Results: The liver boundary shift had different patterns for each group. In group II (segment 2, 3, and 4), the anterior mean shift was $2.80{\pm}1.73\;mm$ outwards, while the left mean shift was $2.23{\pm}1.37\;mm$ inwards. In group IV (segment 7 and 8), the anterior-, posterior-, right-, and left mean shifts were $0.15{\pm}3.93\;mm$ inwards, $3.15{\pm}6.58\;mm$ inwards, $0.60{\pm}3.58\;mm$ inwards, and $4.50{\pm}5.35\;mm$ inwards, respectively. The reduced volume in group II after MVCT reassessment might be a consequence of stomach toxicity. Conclusion: Inter-fractional liver shifts of each group based on Couinard's proposal were somewhat systematic despite certain variations observed in each patient. The geometrical deformation of the liver by respiratory movement can cause shrinkage in the left margins of liver. We recommend a more sophisticated approach in free-breathing mode when irradiating the left lobe of liver in order to avoid stomach toxicity.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.60 no.6
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• pp.676-683
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• 2017

Objective : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of 3-level hybrid surgery (HS), which combines fusion and cervical disc replacement (CDR), compared to 3-level fusionin patient with cervical spondylosis involving 3 levels. Methods : Patients in the anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) group (n=30) underwent 3-level fusion and the HS group (n=19) underwent combined surgery with fusion and CDR. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using the visual analogue scale for the arm, the neck disability index (NDI), Odom criteria and postoperative complications. The cervical range of motion (ROM), fusion rate and adjacent segments degeneration were assessed with radiographs. Results : Significant improvements in arm pain relief and functional outcome were observed in ACDF and HS group. The NDI in the HS group showed better improvement 6 months after surgery than that of the ACDF group. The ACDF group had a lower fusion rate, higher incidence of device related complications and radiological changes in adjacent segments compared with the HS group. The better recovery of cervical ROM was observed in HS group. However, that of the ACDF group was significantly decreased and did not recover. Conclusion : The HS group was better than the ACDF group in terms of NDI, cervical ROM, fusion rate, incidence of postoperative complications and adjacent segment degeneration.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.335-343
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• 1996

The dipole-dipol electrical resistivity survey was conducted to investigate the probable contamination of the Han river by leachate from the near-by Nanjido Landfill. The survey line of 3 km was set along the unpaved road toward the Han river. For the convenience of the field work, the survey line was divided into four segments. The complete two-dimensional resistivity section was constructed by connecting the inversion result of each segment. Gravity survey was also carried out along the profile parallel to the resistivity line. Near surface resistivity generally appeared to be of very low value in most part of the survey area and the boundary between the alluvium layer and underlying basement rocks is well discriminated on the resistivity section. These results agree well with those of the preceding Schlumberger depth sounding made at adjacent area by Lee and fun (1995). The variation of thickness of the alluvium layer delineated by gravity anomaly profile also correlates well with the result of the resistivity survey on the qualitative basis. The problem of contamination by leachate from the Nanjido Landfill, where various waste materials have been dumped without any proper treatment facilities, has been remains unsolved yet. Therefore, we present the most probable passages of leachate flow based on the survey results and have briefly discussed about measure for contamination control. Considering the thickness of alluvium and the possible existence of fractured zone, the middle point between 1st and 2nd landfill and the midst of 1st landfill are the most hazardous regions to make leachates flow into the Han river. Since large amounts of leachates are observed from the test wells located on the lines extending from the border between the 1st and 2nd landfill and the middle of the lst landfill, contamination protection barriers are strongly recommended near these regions.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.69-76
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• 2009

Purpose: Various electrocardiogram (ECG) changes can occur in patients with acute organophosphate poisoning (OPP) and may be associated with the clinical severity of poisoning. The present study aimed to evaluate the extent and frequency of ECG changes and cardiac manifestations, and their association with acute OPP clinical severity. Methods: Seventy-two adult patients admitted to our emergency department with a diagnosis of acute OPP were studied retrospectively. ECG changes and cardiac manifestations at admission were evaluated. ECG changes between respiratory failure (RF) group and no respiratory failure (no RF) groups were compared. Results: Prolongation of QTc interval (n=40, 55.6%) was the most common ECG change, followed by sinus tachycardia (n=36, 50.0%). ST-T wave changes such as ST segment elevation or depression and T wave change (inversion or non-specific change) were evident in 16 patients (22.2%). Prolongation of QTc interval was significantly higher in the RF group compared with the no RF group (p=0.03), but was not an independent predictor for RF in acute OPP (OR; 4.00, 95% CI; 0.70-23.12, p=0.12). Conclusion: While patients with acute OPP can display ECG changes that include prolongation of QTc interval, sinus tachycardia, and ST-T wave changes at admission, these changes are not predictors of respiratory failure.