• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.40-47
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• 2024

Background: Sperm quality and the number of sperm introduced into the uterus during artificial insemination (AI) are pivotal factors influencing pregnancy outcomes. However, there have been no reports on the relationship between sperm concentration at AI and sperm quality in Hanwoo cattle. In this study, we examined sperm quality and pregnancy rates after AI using sperm inseminated at different concentrations. Methods: We evaluated the motility, viability, and acrosomal membrane integrity of sperm at different concentrations (10, 15, 18, and 20 million sperm/straw) in 0.5-mL straws. Subsequently, we compared the pregnancy rates after AI with different sperm concentrations. Results: After freeze-thawing, sperm at the assessed concentrations showed similar viability and acrosomal membrane integrity. After AI, cattle in the 10 million group had significantly lower pregnancy rates compared to those in the 18 and 20 million groups. Conversely, there were no statistically significant variances observed between cattle in the 10 and 15 million groups. Conclusions: Sperm at concentrations of 10, 15, 18 and 20 million per straw exhibited comparable motility, viability, and acrosomal membrane integrity. However, a concentration of at least 18 million sperm per straw is required to achieve a consistent rate of pregnancy rate in Hanwoo cattle after AI.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.33-37
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• 1998

Two types of sperm, apyrene and eupyrene, are identified in A. mylitta. The sperm in the adult moth are motionless in seminal vesicles. At the time of ejaculation they received a secretion from male ejaculatory duct that renders them motile. The dissociation of eupyrene bundles, eupyrene sperm motility and the sequence of events of sperm migration in both sexes are described in the present paper.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.263-266
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• 2010

Prediction of semen's fertilizing ability used in artificial insemination (AI) is one of very important factors on pig reproductive performance. In vitro fertilization (IVF) has been used for indirect evaluation of sperm's fertilizing ability and it has been showed as highly correlated index. In swine industry, increasing interest in preservation of boar semen raises questions on the sperm motility from semen used in commercial AI centers. Mitochondria in sperm mid-piece generate the energy to support motility and could be an explanation of impaired fertility. Objective of this study was to suggest usable sperm motility to farms in measuring the effect of sperm motility and sperm abnormality on in vitro production of embryo in which sperm's fertilizing ability can be determined indirectly. Semen samples were provided from local AI center and used within 3 days after collection. Semen samples were divided by 4 different motile groups (>70%; 61~70%; 51~60%; <50%) using CASA (computer-assisted sperm analysis) on the days of IVF. Developmental rate to the blastocyst stage from over 61% motile sperm group showed significantly higher rate than below 60% motile sperm group ($16.5{\pm}0.7{\sim}18.4{\pm}0.8%$ vs $6.3{\pm}0.8{\sim}11.5{\pm}0.7%$, p<0.05). In experiment to determine the relationship between sperm motility and viability and abnormality, over 61% motile sperm groups showed significantly higher viability rate compared to below 60% motile sperm groups ($84.8{\pm}4.0{\sim}88.1{\pm}4.0%$ vs $69.1{\pm}4.0{\sim}74.2{\pm}4.0%$, p<0.05). On the other hand, morphological sperm abnormality showed significantly higher in over 70% motile sperm group ($10.2{\pm}2.2$ vs $16.0{\pm}2.2{\sim}21.0{\pm}2.2%$, p<0.05). In experiment to find the correlation between sperm motility of 4 different motile groups and amount of mitochondria, lower motility group also showed lower level of mitochondria (p<0.05). The mitochondria parameter used in this study showed another possibility to differentiate the sperm motility. Taken together, because below 60% motile semen used in AI reduce the fertility, AI centers should provide the over 60% motile sperm to the farms at the time of AI.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.219-226
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• 1997

Follicular fluid influxed into the oviduct during ovulation may affect movement of sperm for fertilization Thus, in this study, the effect of follicular fluid, obtained from follicles of l0mm in diameter, on number and quality of sperm recovered by swim-up separation was investigated and sperm-movement stimulating components extracted from follicular fluid with methanol and isooctane were separated by gel filtration with Sepadex G-1O, G-25 and G-1OO gels, and were isolated by electrophoresis with SDS-PAGE mini gel. The results obtained were as follows; 1. Diluted follicular fluid stimulated sperm movement. 2. Sperm-movement stimulating factors were in methanol extract. 3. Sperm-movement stimulating effect of methanol extract appeared in fraction I among fractions recovered after gel filtration. And the fraction I contained proteins indicating 4 major bands as about 47, 43, 25 and 14 kilodaldons and 5 minor bands as about 67, 58, 23, 22 and 21 kilodaldons. 4. The fraction I recovered from G-100 gel showed significantly low percentage of motile sperm and had no protein indicating the band of 67 kilodaldons among the minor bands.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.339-345
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• 2002

The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of season on semen characteristics, frozen-thawed sperm viability and testosterone concentration in Yorkshire boars. There were no significant differences in the semen volume and sperm concentration on Yorkshire boars among spring, summer, autumn and winter. However, the pH of sperm-rich and sperm-poor fractions in winter season was higher than in spring, summer and autumn season in Yorkshlre boars. Sperm motiliy and normal acrosome of raw semen in Yorkshire boars did not differ significantly among spring, summer, autumn and winter. However, motility and normal acrosome of frozen-thawed sperm were higher in spring season than in summer, autumn and winter. Serum testosterone concentrations in Yorkshire were higher in spring than summer, autumn and winter. In conclusion, we found out that serum testosterone concentrations were very important role for frozen-thawed sperm viability in Yorkshire boars.

• 한국양식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국양식학회 2003년도 추계학술발표대회 논문요약집
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• pp.40-40
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• 2003

DNA content of the sperm of tetraploid mud loach (Misgurnus mizolepis) males and the ploidy status of progenies generated by crossing tetraploid males with diploid females are described. Reproductive performance of the induced adult tetraploid males ranged from sterility to fertility. Of 48 tetraploid males tested, 12 were sterile but the other 36 produced functional sperm. Of these 36, 26 produced haploid sperm, which on fertilizing the haploid eggs, generated diploid progenies. Seven tetraploid males were mosaics in their sperm, as indicated by the production of diploid, aneuploid and/or triploid offspring. Only 3 males produced diploid sperm rendering the production of all-triploid progenies. The DNA content of sperm of a tested tetraploid male was consistent throughout the 3 progeny tests, i.e. the haploid sperm-producing 4n males persisted to produce the haploid sperm only likewise the diploid sperm producing4n males consistently produced the diploid sperm only, when progeny testing was extended to 3 successive but alternate years. Hence, a careful and direct examination of the DNA profile of sperm from tetraploid males is a pre-requisite for reproductive containment of genetically modified fish.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.21-30
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• 1992

This study was aimed to develope the new method for bovine sperm capacitation through testing and combinating factors relating to sperm capacitation. For verifying the efficiency of this method on inducing capacitation, in vitro fertilization was carried out. The results obtained were as follows: When pHs of HBS /PR for sperm-washing were 5.99, 6.38, 6.78, 7.10, 7.40, 7.69, 8.15, 8.45 and 8.83, variances between light absorhance differences obtained from sperm pre-washing solution and post-washing solution(VADs) were 0.000, 0.001, -0.001, -0.005, -0.005, -0.021,-0.017,-0.016,and-0.036, respectively. There were significant decreases of VADs in pH 7.69 and pH 8.83. When sperm were firstly, secondly, and thirdly washed with HBS /PR, VADs were -0. 024, - 0.006, and - 0.004, respectively. There was significant decrease of VAD in 1st sperm-washing. When washed-sperm were secondly washed with HBS /PR supplemented with no (con-trol), heparin, CSA, PC12, and BSA, VADs were 0.009, -0.024, -0.008, -0.009, and 0.014, respectively. When the sperm were thirdly washed with HBS /PR with no(control), heparin, CSA, PC12 and BSA, VADs were 0.020, -0.007, 0.005, 0.006, and 0.019, respectively. Only heparin treatment showed the negative values of VADs in 2nd and 3rd sperm-washing. Of oocytes cultured with sperm which were repeatedly washed with heparin and high pH, 52% (57/110) were cleaved over 2 cell stage. However, percent of oocytes parthenogenetically divided was 5%(2 /42).

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제61권4호
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• pp.29.1-29.7
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• 2021

Resveratrol (RSV, 3,5,4'-trihydroxytrans-stilbene) protects sperm from cryo-induced damage in various animal and human species. In this study, we aimed to assess the effect of dog sperm cryoprotective extender containing RSV on the quality of post-thaw dog sperm. Sperm were collected from 4 Beagles and supplemented with different concentrations of RSV (0, 100, 200, and 400 µM). After thawing, apoptosis index, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were assessed to determine post-thaw sperm quality. Dog sperm cryopreserved with 400 µM RSV showed significant improvement in post-thaw sperm quality with lower apoptosis index and ROS levels (p < 0.05). Our results showed that the supplementation of dog sperm cryoprotective extender with RSV at a concentration of 400 µM improved the post-thaw dog sperm quality in the term of sperm ROS production and apoptosis. In addition, we emphasize the necessity of testing the ROS levels and apoptosis index using flow cytometry to determine the quality of post-thaw semen.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.1199-1203
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• 2011

The objective of this study was to examine the binding potential of sperm to the epithelium of the sperm storage tubules (SST) in vitro and in vivo to assess the functional maturation of fowl sperm. Sperm from the testis, epididymis, as well as the proximal, middle and distal vas deferens were incubated in vitro with either the uterovaginal junction (UVJ)- or infundibular tissue containing SST at $39^{\circ}C$ for 30 min. Aliquots of sperm were also artificially inseminated into the uteri of hens, and the UVJ and infundibulum were collected 24 h post artificial insemination (AI). After incubation and AI, tissues were washed to remove loosely adhered sperm and subjected to fluorescence staining with 4', 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, dihydrochloride (DAPI) for counting the number of bound sperm per 0.25 mm2 of surface area. Sperm from the testis, epididymis, and the three segments of the vas deferens exhibited their differential (p<0.05) binding capacity, which increased gradually from the testicular to distal vas deferens sperm under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. Existing similar trend, sperm, regardless of their source had a lesser affinity to bind to the epithelium of the infundibular SST than to the UVJ-SST. These experimental results suggested that fowl sperm may undergo gradual changes in the process of functional maturation, whereby they gain the ability to bind to the epithelium of the SST during their passage through the male reproductive tract (MRT).

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.33-43
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• 2010

The ultrastructure of germ cells during spermatogenesis and some characteristics of sperm morphology in male Mytilus coruscus, which was collected on the coastal waters of Gyeokpo in western Korea, were investigated by transmission electron microscope observations. The morphology of the spermatozoon has a primitive type and is similar to those of other bivalves in that it contains a short midpiece with five mitochondria surrounding the centrioles. The morphologies of the sperm nucleus type and the acrosome shape of this species have an oval and modified cone shape, respectively. In particular, the axial rod is observed between the nucleus and acrosome of the sperm. The spermatozoon is approximately $45-50{\mu}m$ in length including a sperm nucleus (about $1.46{\mu}m$ in length), an acrosome (about $3.94{\mu}m$ in length) and tail flagellum (approximately $40-45{\mu}m$). The axoneme of the sperm tail flagellum consists of nine pairs of microtubules at the periphery and a pair at the center. The axoneme of the sperm tail shows a 9+2 structure. Some special charateristics of sperm morphology of this species in the genus Mytilus are (1) acrosomal morphology, (2) the number of mitochondria in the midpiece of the sperm, and (3) the existence of a satellite. The axial rod appears in the acrosome and sperm nucleus as one of the characteristics seen in several species of the subclass Pteriomorphia, unlikely the subclass Heterodonta containing axial filament instead of the axial rod. The number of mitochondria in the midpiece of the sperm of this species in the family Mytilidae are five, as one of common characteristics appeared in most species in the family Mytilidae. Most of Mytilus species contain a satellite body which is attached to the proximal centriole in the middle piece of the sperm, as one of common characteristics of sperm morphology in the family Mytilidae.