• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.9
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• pp.339-345
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• 2017

Recently, agriculture and the environment has changed dramatically due to global warming and abnormal weather. In particular, it is necessary to develop new agricultural techniques according to transforming the growing environment of agricultural crops. Therefore, "Smart Farm" building technology for controlling agricultural environment and improving efficiency for ICT technology development has recently been introduced. However, in reality, systematic and objective evaluation items are absent at various levels and management levels that affect the management environment of the smart farm. In this research, it derived the importance index among the factors associated with Smart Farm technology by AHP method. As a result, in order to evaluate comprehensive operation and management of the smart farm, the two evaluation fields(sensor device and control/information management system) were selected as the top evaluation items. These results mean that system that can detect the growth environment information of agricultural crops and control the growing environment is more important than anything, when smart farm is applied. It is judged that the results of this research can be used as basic data for making evaluation indicators associated with the introduction of smart palm technology in the future.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.247-255
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• 2004

The majority of real world frontal collisions involves partial overlap (offset) collision, in which only one of the two longitudinal members is used for energy absorption. This leads to dangerous intrusions of the passenger compartment. Excessive intrusion is usually generated on the impacted side causing higher contact injury risk on the occupants compared with full frontal collision. The ideal structure needs to have extendable length when the front-end structure is not capable to absorb crash energy without violating deceleration pulse requirements. A smart structure has been proposed to meet this ideal requirement. The proposed front-end structure consists of two hydraulic cylinders integrated with the front-end longitudinal members of standard vehicles. The work carried out in this paper includes developing and analyzing mathematical models of two different cases representing vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-barrier in full and offset collisions. By numerical crash simulations, this idea has been evaluated and optimized. It is proven form numerical simulations that the smart structures bring significantly lower intrusions and decelerations. In addition, it is shown that the mathematical models are valid, flexible, and can be used in an effective way to give a quick insight of real life crashes.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.25 no.7
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• pp.21-27
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• 2024

Frost heave, a significant engineering aspect of frozen ground, leads to various damages in Korea during the winter. Both the United States and Japan, encompassing regions with frozen ground, have actively researched frost heave and possess standardized experimental methods. Particularly, the Japanese Geotechnical Society (JGS) has introduced a frost heave standard testing method, offering the advantage of relatively simple specimen preparation and experimental procedures. However, issues persist regarding the ambiguous engineering interpretation of frost heave test results and the lack of clear criteria for frost heave susceptibility assessment. This paper presents laboratory testing results following the JGS testing method on sand and silt mixtures using a triaxial temperature-controllable cell, and thoroughly analyzes the frost heave rate calculation process. Furthermore, it evaluates the applicability of frost heave susceptibility criteria proposed in the United States to frost heave rates based on the JGS testing method.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.69-80
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• 2017

In or To use, manage, and preserve sustainable water resources for the current and future generations amid the threat of abnormal climate, it is necessary to establish a smart water grid system, the next-generation intelligent water management system. In this study, sensors, which make use of the five senses to watch, listen, and detect machine vibration, bearing temperature, machine operation sounds, current, voltage, and other symptoms that cannot be verified when the irrigation facilities are running, are used to establish various decision-making criteria appropriate to on-site situations. Based on such criteria, the unmanned conditions in the facilities were verified and analyzed. Existing technologies require on-site workers to check any defects caused by overloading of machines, which is the biggest constraining factor in the application of an unmanned control system for irrigation facilities. The new technology proposed in this study, on the other hand, allows for the unmanned analysis of the existence of machine vibration. This controls the decision-making process of any defect based on the analysis results, and necessary measures are taken automatically, resulting in improved reliability of the unmanned automation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.819-826
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• 2022

Recently, interest in smart port systems for linking with autonomous ships is increasing. To build a smart port system, primarily, a system that can automatically moor a vessel is required. To calculate the allowable mooring capacity of the automatic mooring system in a port, the characteristics of the vessel must be considered, and the external force generated from environmental disturbances in the sea must be accurately calculated. Accurately estimating the magnitude of these environmental disturbances is an extremely important factor for designing an automatic mooring system. In this study, the mooring capacity of the HANBADA was estimated according to the port and fishing port design criteria of the Ministry of Ocean and Fisheries. The longitudinal and lateral forces of the mooring force acting on the HANBADA were 18 kN and 248 kN, respectively, under the most extreme ocean conditions (BF 6).

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.318-325
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• 2019

Recently, research and development on agricultural robots have been on the rise as the interest in smart farming has increased. Robots used in smart greenhouses should be taken into account with the working characteristics and growing environment. This study examined cleaning robots developed through the environmental analysis of smart greenhouses. This study assessed the evaluation method considering the requirements of the pest control robot applicable to the smart greenhouse. The performance and quality assessment criteria were established to conduct tests through the requirements of robots. The required functions and goals of the pest control robot were derived by referring to the robot-related standards. A driving and working ability test was conducted to assess the performance of the robot. The driving test was conducted on the driving performance of the robot and the work capability was tested on the pest control performance. In addition, a durability test was conducted to assess the quality of the robot. The required factors for smart greenhouse robots were derived from the test results. The study results are expected be a standard for an evaluation of a variety of robots for applications to smart greenhouses.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.252-255
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• 2011

Growing demand for smart phones and data communication diminishes the constraints of Twitter and Facebook than a smartphone has become a subject of interest. On the other hand facebook users in their relationships to obtain the consent of the other, twitter is a relatively simple procedure for the information ripple effect is excellent. Twitter is beyond a simple social networking services(SNS) located in one of the popular media and powerful have the upper retweet. Retweet to the top of his sympathy with the ability th send tweets to their subscriber information can spread quickly. In this paper, we propose the smart retweet that system actively extend the existing retweet. In order to realize the smart retweet and additional criteria for determining the destination of the information is required. Based on tweet generated regional or an local information mentioned to tweet, to determine the destination. Smart retweet of the speed and scope of information transmission through the scale is expected.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.183-186
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• 2006

It is studied the implementation possibility of some encryption algorithms which meet the performance requirements in the smart card used in the TETRA system End-to-End Encryption. It is measured the operation time of the algorithm in the smart card which has 32 bit smart card controller made by Samsung Electronics. The algorithms used in the performance comparison are AES, ARIA, 3DES, SEED, IDEA which are the domestic or international standards. The input and output time of the smart card are measured using the smart card protocol analyzer. The pure algorithm operation time is calculated by the repeated algorithm operations. This measurement results can be used as the criteria for the selection of algorithm which will be used in the TETRA End-to-End encryption system. The algorithm which has better performance can be used for the implementation of additional functions in the smart lard, because of the enough time margin.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.777-790
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate the experience of teachers who apply Smart-technology in elementary school STEAM class and the reasons, difficulties when applying the technology and required support. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with six elementary school teachers with specialized knowledge in STEAM education who have experienced STEAM lessons several times before. The research findings are as follows: First, research participants utilized a variety of Smart-technology in STEAM class, most of which were experiential or interactive technology. Among the STEAM learning criteria, the Smart-technology in 'Creative Design' course was most often applied. Second, they adopted Smart Technology in STEAM class to encourage students to feel interested, actively participate in the class, enjoy indirect experience, and nurture interest in state-of-the-art technology. They used it to prepare for future societies and organize classes that are suitable for STEAM learning criteria. They also used Smart-technology because it was easy to use. Third, they found it difficult to find, secure, and use suitable Smart-technology when applying Smart-technology in the STEAM class. They also had trouble restructuring the curriculum. In addition, there were difficulties in using Smart-technology in the class such as lack of class hours, increased level of activity, insufficient physical environment and unexpected malfunction of Smart-technology, thus interrupted the class. After the class, it was hard to manage Smart-technology and also, there were difficulties in assessment, record, and negative awareness of surrounding people. Fourth, they mentioned that's suggesting education guidelines, develop, and distribute educational materials are required to enable 'Creative Design,' reduce educational content, provide training, secure Smart-technology equipment and provide Wi-Fi, support teacher's club and communities and create an atmosphere to emotionally support teachers in order to activate using Smart-technology in STEAM class.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.19-31
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• 2016

With the development of information and communication technologies, a new paradigm in higher education is required. Accordingly, establishing a smart campus has emerged as an important issue in universities worldwide. This study aims to discuss key issues and to provide useful academical and practical implications on smart campus by reviewing related literatures. For this purpose, this study examined recent literatures on smart campus by four research perspectives; 1) learning/knowledge-centric approach, 2) technology-centric approach, 3) integrated approach, and 4) user-centric approach, then developed smart campus framework. Smart campus user criteria contained members of university as well as local community and business stockholders. Smart campus framework presented specific service areas each belongs to smart education, smart life and smart administration domains and motivating factors of using smart campus. Moreover, by considering key issues and problems raised in previous studies, this study suggested practical implications for successful development of smart campus.