• Title/Summary/Keyword: SIZE KOREA 2004 study

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A Study on the Optimal Span Width in the Bridge Main Span of Incheon 2nd Bridge (1) Evaluation on the Optimal Main Span Width according to Traffic Volume and Ship Maneuverability (인천항 제2연륙교 주경간의 적정 교각폭 결정에 관한 연구 (1) 교통량 측면과 선박 조종성 측면에서의 소요 교각폭 산정)

  • Koo Ja-Yun;Kim Seok-Jae;Jang Eun-Kyu;Kim Se-Won
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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    • 2004.11a
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    • pp.175-181
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    • 2004
  • A construction project of Incheon 2nd bridge, which is connected between the Incheon Song-Do New Town and the Incheon International Airport in Young-Jong-Do, have been proposed by the private capital in 1999. But the optimal span width in the bridge main span have not been decided in spite of the three investigations into the feasibility of ship's safe transit in this planned bridge. In this paper, we study the optimal main span width according to the traffic volume in the future traffic and the ship maneuverability of maximum size aspect. The result cf this study, Incheon 2nd bridge main span design is required to design two-way traffic scheme and 1,000m span width, which will satisfy the safe transit from the viewpoint of the traffic volume in the future traffic and the ship maneuverability maximum size.

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Size Distributions of Trace Elements in Airborn Particulates Collected using Drum impactor at Gosan, Jeju Island : Measurements in Springtime 2002 (DRUM impactor를 이용한 대기 입자상 물질 중 원소성분의 입경분포 특성 : 제주도 고산지역의 2002년 봄철 (3.29-5.30) 측정 연구)

  • 한진석;문광주;류성윤;안준영;공부주;홍유덕;김영준
    • Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.555-569
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    • 2004
  • Size -segregated measurements of aerosol composition using 8-stage DRUM impactor are used to determine the transport of natural and anthropogenic aerosols at Gosan site from 29 March to 30 May in 2002. Separation of ambient aerosols by DRUM impactor offers many Advantages over other standard filtration techniques. Some of the most important advantages are the ability to segregate into details by particle tire, to better preserve chemical integrity since the air stream doesn't pars through the deposit, to collect samples as a function of time, and to have a wide variety of impaction surfaces available to match analytical needs. Although the transport of Yellow sand is a well-known phenomenon in springtime, the result of measurement shows that not only soil dust but also anthropogenic aerosols, including sulfur, enriched trace metals such as Pb, Ni, Zn. Cu, Cr, As, Se, Br, are transported to Gosan in springtime. This study combines the size- and time-resolved aerosol composition measurements with isentropic, backward air-mass trajectories in order to identify some potential source regions of anthropogenic aerosols. As a result, during the NYS period, the average concentration of PM$_{10}$ was 46$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎥, Si, Al. S, Fe, Cl, K, Ca were higher than 1,000 ng/㎥ and Ti was about 100 ng/㎥. The concentrations of Zn, Mn, Cu. Pb, Br, Rb, V, Cr, Ni. At, Se ranged between 1 and 70 ng/㎥. More than 50% typical soil elements, tuck as Al, Si, Fe, Cd. Ti, Cr, Cu, Br. were distributed in a coarse particle range(5.0-12${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$). In other hand, anthropogenic pollutants, luck as S, N, Vi, were mainly distributed in a fine particle range (0.09-0.56${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$). During the YS period, PM$_{10}$ increased about 8 times than NYS period, and main soil elements, such as Al, Si, S, K, V, Mn, Fe also doubled in coarse particle range (1.15-12${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$). But Zn, As, Pb, Cu and Se, which distributed in the time aerosols (0.09-0.56${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$), were on the same level with or decreased than NYS period. Finally. except the YS Period, coarse particles (2.5-12${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$) are inferred to be influenced by soil, coal combustion, waste incineration, ferrous and nonferrous sources through similar pathways with Yellow Sand. But fine particles have different sources, such as coal combustion, gasoline vehicle, biomass burning, oil or coal combustion, nonferrous and ferrous metal sources, which are transported from China, Korea peninsula and local sources.ces.

A Study on the Body Characteristics of Korean Obese Women (Part II)

  • Yi, Kyong-Hwa
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.34 no.6
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    • pp.982-996
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    • 2010
  • This study classified the body shapes of Korean obese women and investigated the differences of each body shape, using 2004 Size Korea data. For selecting the obesity sample, 7 obesity judgment indices were chosen through previous clothing-related studies. A total of 636 females defined as "obese" by 5 out of 7 indices were selected as subjects and 54 body measurements and obesity judgment indices were used in this study. Firstly, mean, standard deviation, minimum, and maximum values of each measurement and item were obtained from the descriptive analysis of 53 measurements. According to the descriptive analysis, all measurements and obesity judgment indices of the subjects demonstrated a serious obesity level shown by BMI 27.11, R$\ddot{o}$hrer index 1.76, Vervaeck index 104.77, Relative weight 133.00, WHR 0.90, and waist circumference 86.71cm. In addition, the measurements and indices showed considerable differences between minimum and maximum values. Significant differences were identified in all measurements and items at a significant level, p=.001. Each distribution of body types according to age, stature, bust, and waist circumference groups was provided in this study. Secondly, factor analyses were conducted using 38 measurement items to extract the body characteristics of obese women. Factor 1 was "circumference measurements & obesity judgment indices," Factor 2 was "heights & arm-related lengths," and Factor 3 was "size and ratio of waist circumference & hip circumference." Factor 4 was "lengths in upper body," Factor 5 was "back width in upper body," Factor 6 was "side neck point to bust & bust circumference," Factor 7 was "length in lower body & arm circumferences" and Factor 8 was "neck base circumference & front width in upper body." These 8 factors explained 76.54% of the total variance. Finally, 5 body types were selected in the cluster analysis. Type 1 (with big back widths & arm circumferences) was 15.5% of the entire subjects, Type 2 (the shortest and fattest, with big upper body) was 18.8%, Type 3 (with big breast) was 27.8%, Type 4 (the tallest and longest in arm lengths, with the smallest arm circumferences and lengths in torso) was 22.5%, and Type 5 (with big hips compared to waist circumferences, smaller height and upper body) was 15.5%. Fundamental differences were identified in all measurements and items at the significant level of p=.001. In addition, each distribution of body type according to age, height, bust, and waist circumference groups was provided in this study.

Chemical Properties of the Individual Asian Dust Particles Clarified by Micro-PIXE Analytical System

  • Ma, Chang-Jin;Kang, Gong-Unn;Kasahara, Mikio;Tohno, Susumu
    • Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.154-161
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    • 2014
  • The present study was undertaken to evaluate the chemical characteristics of Asian dust (hereafter called "AD") particles with the aid of the most advanced micro-PIXE (Particle-induced X-ray emission) analytical technique. To this end, size-selected particles were sampled on a rural peninsula of Korea (Byunsan, 35.37N; 126.27E) during AD and non-AD periods in 2004. The coarse particle (> $2{\mu}m$) number density during an AD event were 170 times higher than those of the non-AD counterpart. The average net-count of silica in individual particles collected on AD event was roughly 11 times higher than that of non-AD counterpart. The X-ray net-counts of trace elements (Zn, Co, Mn, and V) were also considerably high in AD relative to the non-AD day. Particle classification based on the inter ratio analysis of elemental net-count suggests that a large portion of the coarse particles collected during AD event underwent chemical transformation to a certain degree. The visual interpretation of micro-PIXE elemental maps and elemental localization data in and/or on individual AD particles clarified the internal mixture of AD particles with sea-salt and artificial metallic particles.

Develop a Correct Scaled Body Figure Templates for Technical Flat (도식화 제작을 위한 연령그룹별 바디 템플릿 개발)

  • Yoon, Mi-Kyung;Nam, YunJa
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.42 no.2
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    • pp.211-223
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    • 2018
  • In global apparel product development, flat is one of the most important key factor for technical design communication. Proportionally correct flats based on correct scaled human body figures are imperative to be successful in the fashion business. In this study the researchers were to develop body templates for flats for Korean women body types using data from 'Size Korea 2004 (5th)', which is a Korean government apparel sizing project to analyze women's body measurements (age range 7-49). We measured 13 height measurements, 6 width measurements, 8 circumference measurements, 6 length measurements, 3 angle measurements and 5 body measurements. A body figure (i.e., schema) for each group was created by Pattern Design Software (PAD) System 4.1. Muscle was added to the schema created by Adobe Illustrator to ensure a better visualization and convenience for industry uses for flats. Developed body figure template of representative type had the largest difference in height level compared to exiting figures. It had a bigger head, lower crotch level, and longer crotch depth and hip length than existing figures.

Effects of Carbon Black on the Fatigue Life, Critical J-Value and Fracture Morphology and a New Estimated Equation for Natural Rubber

  • Kim, Jae-Hoon;Jeong, Hyun-Yong
    • Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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    • v.18 no.6
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    • pp.915-923
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    • 2004
  • This study investigated the fatigue lives and mechanical properties of the carbon black filled natural rubber for the vibration-proof parts of the railway vehicle and automobile. The carbon blacks were one of the sources of crack nucleation and crack propagation in the rubber matrix, like the cementite and the maganese sulfide in iron matrix. Different kinds of carbon blacks resulted in different fatigue lives, critical J-values, and fracture morphologies. It was noticed that the critical J-value remained almost the same regardless of the length of a pre-crack. In addition, different kinds of carbon blacks generated different fracture morphologies, and microscopic and macroscopic roughnesses. The critical J-value has linear relations to the roughness, and it seemed related to the size distribution of carbon black particles. By reviewing all the experi-mental data, we found the factors that were related to the fatigue lives, and the logarithmic value of the fatigue life could be linearly expressed by the combination of the critical J-value and the macroscopic roughness. We also proposed a new estimative equation of fatigue life.

A Study of Wireless Data Quality Evaluation Method in Mobile Phone Service Environment (이동전화 서비스 환경에서의 무선데이터 품질평가 방법에 관한 연구)

  • Kim Soon Yong;Kim Sang Young;Whang Sun Myung
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.9 no.4 s.32
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    • pp.141-147
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    • 2004
  • Recently, Mobile phone became a great member of people. It is increased an use of mobile phone a population. According to mobile phone service. Also a carrying along like CDMA terminal became a small size. a light weight. A phone increased in an environment mobile phone service. For the reason it is demand as necessary evaluation iterms development and test environment construct. In this thesis. mobile phone service an environment is necessary an test principal and interest. wireless network is used Wireless Data. To recommand a Wireless Data quality evaluation method and to look upon next generation.

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A Collocational Analysis of Korean High School English Textbooks and Suggestions for Collocation Instruction

  • Kim, Nahk-Bohk
    • English Language & Literature Teaching
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    • v.10 no.3
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    • pp.41-66
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    • 2004
  • Under the textbook-driven approach to English education in the Korean selling, the importance of the English textbook can not be overemphasized as the main source of learning materials. Recently, with the development of computer-based language corpora, the recognition of the importance of collocations and the availability of computerized databases of words have caused a resurgence and facilitation in the instruction of collocation. The primary purpose of the present study is to identify the characteristics of lexical collocation and the extent of its use in high school 10th-grade textbooks. From all the analyses, it is revealed that the language materials reflect various constructed collocation in the case of adjective+noun and noun+noun collocations in a natural context. However, verb+noun and adverb+verb collocations are not fully reflected. This is true for delexicalized verbs, and verb and adjective intensifiers. Also the language materials do not provide sufficient support for the lexical syllabus, even though all textbooks may be somewhat adequate in terms of vocabulary size. Finally, based on the analyses of the texts, the suggestions for English collocation instruction are made in the lexical approach.

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The Operation of Port marketing and Future Strategy Directions (항만마케팅의 운영실태와 미래 전략방향)

  • Kim, Hong-seop
    • Journal of Distribution Science
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.63-97
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    • 2004
  • Nowadays port has changed so rapidly as other economic variables. The main issues of these changes are classified with some problems such as the progress of containerization and enlargement of ship size and its speed, the introduction and expansion of EDI system, and the inducement of private capital in port development. Therefore, the competition among ports is severer than before, especially in container cargos. Almost all ports try to strengthen their competitive power and enlarge their port performance and throughput through many kinds of efforts and strategies. Port marketing is important approach and methods in order to make understand port and make call on their ports, of course, realizing the importance of port for the regional economics and employment generation. In this paper, the various marketing concepts are redefined and applied in terms of port and shipping service with which marketing is not so much popular and familiar. After many diagnoses and investigations are executed with special logistical viewpoints and attention, this paper suggests some countermeasures of port marketing in the angles of 4Ps. The strategies and countermeasures are classified in 3 stages according to their broadness and specificity. The privatization of port and port competition need the renovation and rationalization of traditional port activities and old port operation customs. Although this paper suggest many ideas with focusing Busan port, these ideas will be used in other ports. I think it is necessary further study concerned this topics and some limitations which this paper contains.

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In Vivo Antitumor Activity of Hydrophilic Arginine-Conjugated Linoleic Acid Complex

  • Kim, Young-Jun;Lee, Ki-Won;Kim, Dae-Ok;Kim, Tae-Wan;Lee, Seong-Kweon;Lee, Hyong-Joo
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.411-414
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    • 2004
  • Although conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) exerted potent antitumor activities in several animal models, application of CLA as a bioactive ingredient has been limited due to its hydrophobicity. This study was designed to determine the antitumor activity of arginine-CLA complex (Arg-CLA), a hydrophilic form of CLA. Mouse forestomach cancer was induced by gavage with benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)p) for 4-weeks prior to Arg-CLA (0.2 and 0.5%) feeding. Complete necropsies were performed to determine the number, size and locations of all the forestomach tumors at 20 weeks post-B(a)P administration. All mice in the B(a)P group developed tumors, and tumor incidences were decreased by 31 % and 44% in 0.2% and 0.5% Arg-CLA-fed groups, respectively, whereas no decrease was observed when Arg or com oil was given alone. Our results suggest that Arg-CLA suppresses mouse forestomach cancer.