• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.19-38
• /
• 2009

The present paper provides test data to evaluate the seismic performance of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) filled steel square hollow section (SHS) beam-columns. Fifteen specimens, including 12 RAC filled steel tubular (RACFST) columns and 3 reference conventional concrete filled steel tubular (CFST) columns, were tested under reversed cyclic flexural loading while subjected to constant axially compressive load. The test parameters include: (1) axial load level (n), from 0.05 to 0.47; and (2) recycled coarse aggregate replacement ratio (r), from 0 to 50%. It was found that, generally, the seismic performance of RACFST columns was similar to that of the reference conventional CFST columns, and RACFST columns exhibited high levels of bearing capacity and ductility. Comparisons are made with predicted RACFST beam-column bearing capacities and flexural stiffness using current design codes. A theoretical model for conventional CFST beam-columns is employed in this paper for square RACFST beam-columns. The predicted load versus deformation hysteretic curves are found to exhibit satisfactory agreement with test results.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.826-835
• /
• 2005

Exposed-type steel column bases are used widely in low-rise building construction. Numerous researchers have examined methods to identify their stiffness and strength, but those studies have heretofore been restricted to in-plane behaviors. This paper presents an experimental investigation of inelastic behaviors of square hollow section (SHS) steel column bases under biaxial bending. Two types of failure modes are considered : anchor bolt yielding and base plate yielding. Different pinching effects and interaction surfaces for biaxial bending are observed for these two modes during bi-directional quasi-static cyclic loading tests. Differences are elucidated using limit analyses based on a simple analytical model.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
• /
• 제27권5호
• /
• pp.471-481
• /
• 2015

모듈러 건축은 사전에 설계 검토된 건물 요소를 공장에서 모듈로 제작하여 현장으로 운송 조립하는 프리패브 건축 시스템이다. 모듈러 건축물의 구조 형식은 공법, 재료, 부재 구성 등에 따라 다양하게 구분될 수 있지만 사용되는 모듈의 구조 형식은 크게 벽식과 가구식으로 나눌 수 있다. 벽식 모듈은 모듈의 입면을 패널을 이용하여 구성하여 수직하중과 수평하중을 전달시키는 방식이다. 가구식 모듈은 기둥과 보를 이용하여 모듈을 구성하고, 용도에 맞춰 입면을 마감하거나 개방시켜 놓는 방식이다. 이 두 가지 모듈 방식은 국내에도 사용된 바 있으나 최근 가구식 모듈이 보편화되고 있다. 가구식 모듈의 기둥 부재로 각형강관이 일반적으로 사용되고 있으며, 보 부재로 C형강 또는 H형강이 사용되고 있다. 각형강관이 기둥 부재로 사용된 가구식 모듈간 접합을 위해 각형강관 기둥 단부에 고력볼트를 채우기 위해 액세스 홀을 가공하는 경우가 있다. 액세스 홀은 볼트체결을 위해 사람의 손이나 공구가 폐쇄형 단면인 각형강관 내부에 접근하기 위한 개구부로 액세스 홀은 기둥-보 접합부의 거동에 영향을 미치는 패널존을 약화시킬 가능성이 높다. 이 연구에서는 가구식 모듈의 기둥-보 접합부 거동에 영향을 미치는 액세스 홀, 기둥 두께, 다이아프램을 변수로 5개의 실험체를 제작하여 실험을 실시하였고 그 결과를 분석하여 제시하였다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.95-112
• /
• 2004

A series of tests was performed to consider the behaviour of short composite columns under axial compressive loading, covering a range of S275 and S355 grade steel square hollow section filled with normal and high strength concrete. The interaction between the steel and the concrete component is considered and the results show that concrete shrinkage has an effect on the axial strength of the column. Comparisons between Eurocode 4, ACI-318 and the Australian Standards with the findings of this research were made. Result showed the equation used by the ACI-318 and the proposed Australian Standards gave better predication for the axial capacity of concrete filled SHS columns than the Eurocode 4.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제41권5호
• /
• pp.637-648
• /
• 2021

Nowadays, one of the practical, fast and easy ways to strengthen steel elements is the use of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP). Most previous research in the CFRP strengthening of steel members has carried out on straight steel members. The main difference between horizontal curved beams and straight beams under vertical load is the presence of torsional moment in the horizontal curved beams. In the other words, the horizontal curved beams are analyzed and designed for simultaneous internal forces included bending moment, torsional moment, and shear force. The horizontal curved steel beams are usually used in buildings, bridges, trusses, and others. This study explored the effect of the CFRP strengthening on the behavior of the horizontal curved square hollow section (SHS) steel beams. Four specimens were analyzed, one non-strengthened curved steel beam as a control column and three horizontal curved steel beams strengthened using CFRP sheets (under concentrated load and uniform distributed load). To analyze the horizontal curved steel beams, three dimensional (3D) modeling and nonlinear static analysis methods using ANSYS software were applied. The results indicated that application of CFRP sheets in some specific locations of the horizontal curved steel beams could increase the ultimate capacity of these beams, significantly. Also, the results indicated when the horizontal curved steel beams were under distributed load, the increase rate in the ultimate capacity was more than in the case when these beams were under concentrated load.

• 분석과학
• /
• 제35권5호
• /
• pp.189-196
• /
• 2022

When cationic basic compounds are chromatographed using hydro-organic mobile phase, the presence of anionic free silanols in the silica-based stationary phases results in broad and asymmetrical peaks. The addition of an ionic reagent to the mobile phase prevents analytes from accessing free silanols, improving peak shape. In this study, the chromatographic behavior of salbutamol sulfate as a basic compound was investigated under various conditions, including the use of different columns, mobile phases, and ion-pair reagents such as triethanolamine (TEA) and sodium heptane sulfonate (SHS). The retention and peak shape of chromatograms were both evaluated. The results show that pre-conditioning the column with TEA and including it in the mobile phase can prevent cationic analytes from accessing anionic silanols, resulting in improved peak shape. Furthermore, buffering the mobile phase is an important factor in keeping the pH constant throughout the process. The chosen method was validated in part. This study could be helpful for researchers and analyst to solve such problems with cationic basic components.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제42권1호
• /
• pp.91-106
• /
• 2022

Concrete-filled square stainless steel tubes (CFSSST), which possess relatively large flexural stiffness, high corrosion resistance and require simple joint configurations and low maintenance cost, have a great potential in constructional applications. Despite that the use of stainless steel may result in high initial cost compared to their conventional carbon steel counterparts, the whole-life cost of CFSSST is however considered to be lower, which offers a competitive choice in engineering practice. In this paper, a comprehensive experimental and numerical program on 24 CFSSST stub column specimens, including 3 austenitic and 3 duplex stainless steel square hollow section (SHS) stub columns and 9 austenitic and 9 duplex CFSSST stub columns, has been carried out. Finite element (FE) models were developed to be used in parametric analysis to investigate the influence of the tube thickness and concrete strength on the ultimate capacities more accurately. Comparisons of the experimental and numerical results with the predictions made by design guides ACI 318, ANSI/AISC 360, Eurocode 4 and GB 50936 have been performed. It was found that these design methods generally give conservative predictions to the ultimate capacities of CFSSST stub columns. Improved calculation methods, developed based on the Continuous Strength Method, have been proposed to provide more accurate estimations of the ultimate resistances of CFSSST stub columns. The suitability of these proposals has been validated by comparison with the test results, where a good agreement between the predictions and the test results have been achieved.