• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.359-384
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• 2021

In a long-run, a price reduction of shine muscat that is one type of grapes is expected due to an increase of cultivated area. To come up with this problem, expanding exports of shine muscat considering that domestic demand is restricted in Korea. This study investigates the China consumers preference for shine muscat from Korea since exports to China have increased a lot after the quarantine agreement in 2015. Specifically, this paper analyzes a probability of shine muscat exports to China based on willingness to pay (WTP). Moreover, we derive long-run and short-run export strategies for Korean shine muscat. Our results show that a probability of exports to China is high. However, this probability is lowered at the sample of consumers who have the experience of tasted shine muscat. Considering the relative important characteristic for buying shine muscat at the sample of eating experienced consumers in China is sweetness, there is a need to develop cultivation technologies for enhancing sweetness to attain a sustainable development in the grape sector of Korea.

• Mycobiology
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.75-79
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• 2020

Anthracnose is one of the major problems for cultivating many crops, including vegetables, fruits, and trees. It is a continual threat for fruits grower worldwide. Colletotrichum fructicola was isolated from Shine Muscat berries showing typical anthracnose symptom in Korea. It was identified as C. fructicola based on morphology, pathological signs and concatenated sequences of internal transcribed spacer region of rDNA, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, β-tubulin-2, chitin synthase-1, calmodulin, and the Apn2-Mat1-2 intergenic spacer and partial mating type (Mat1-2) gene. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report first report of anthracnose of Shine Muscat caused by C. fructicola in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.241-250
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• 2021

This investigation assessed the berry quality after two months of low-temperature storage (3 ± 1℃) of 'Shine Muscat' grapes, which were treated with CPPU (N-[2-chloro-4-pyridyl]-N'-phenylurea) or TDZ (1-phenyl-3-[1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl] urea) in combination with gibbrellic acid (GA₃). The berry shatter rate was the lowest (1%) in 4 cm + CPPU treatment, while it was the highest (2.4%) in 3 cm floral length treated with CPPU. On the other hand, the 4 cm + TDZ treatment resulted in a shatter rate of 2.0%, which was twice as high as that observed after 4 cm + CPPU treatment. The 4 cm + TDZ treatment resulted in a 5.5% berry decay rate, which was the highest among all treatments. Alternatives to using a sulfur dioxide (SD) pad to maintain the quality of 'Shine Muscat' grapes, namely, using ethylene scrubbers (ESs, 3 g × 2 sachet) and alcohol releasers (ARs, 2 g × 2 sachet) in a 2 kg carton package for export, were explored in this study. The berry shatter rate with ES treatment (1.0%) was found to be comparable to that with SD treatment (0.6%) during three months of cold storage. Regarding the berry decay rate, that of the untreated control surged to 36.0% in the three months of storage, followed by 19.9% and 15.5% in samples subjected to AR and ES treatments respectively. Compared with the untreated control, the samples subjected to SD treatment showed a decay rate of 2.2%, which was the most effective in reducing berry decay by 95%. These results demonstrated that SD pad treatment of 'Shine Muscat' grapes was the most effective method of maintaining berry quality, and ES treatment partially reduced the berry shatter and berry decay rates.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.22-28
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• 2013

The skyshine effect is an essential and important phenomenon in the shielding design of the high energy accelerator. In this study, a new estimation method of neutron skyshine was proposed and was verified by comparison with existing methods. The effective dose of secondary neutrons and photons at the locations that was far away from high-energy electron accelerator was calculated using FLUKA and PHITS Monte Carlo code. The transport paths of secondary radiations to reach a long distance were classified as skyshine, direct, groundshine and multiple-shine. The contribution of each classified component to the total effective dose was evaluated. The neutrons produced from the thick copper target irradiated by 10 GeV electron beam was applied as a source term of this transport. In order to evaluate a groundshine effect, the composition of soil on the PAL-XFEL site was considered. At a relatively short distance less than 50 m from the accelerator tunnel, the direct and groundshine components mostly contributed to the total effective dose. The skyshine component was important at a long distance. The evaluated dose of neutron skyshine agreed better with the results using Rindi's formula, which was based on the experimental results at high energy electron accelerator. That also agreed with the estimated dose using the simple evaluation code, SHINE3, within about 20%. The total effective dose, including all components, was 10 times larger than the estimated doses using other methods for this comparison. The influence of multiple-shine path in this evaluation of the estimation method was investigated to be bigger than one of pure skyshine path.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.220-225
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• 2019

During the year 2018, the symptoms of bunch rot on Shine Muscat (Vitis vinifera L.) were observed in Kimcheon-si, Gyeongbuk province in Korea. The disease appears on the Shine Muscat as a black rot due to prolific fungal sporulation after it has invaded into the Shine Muscat which look completely empty and dryness. Colonies of these fungi are present on the Shine Muscat skin from fruit setting and increase in amount from early season to harvest, while become peak at ripening stage. To isolate the causal agent, small fragments (2 to 3 mm) of decayed tissue from the lesion margin were placed onto potato dextrose agar (PDA) plates. Fungal colonies on PDA produced dense white aerial mycelium and then covered with dark black conidial heads. These heads were large and radiate, and vesicles were globose (2.12-32.0×2.0-3.1 ㎛). Based on morphological and cultural characteristics, this fungus was identified as Aspergillus tubingensis. To confirm its identity, the internal transcribed spacer, β-tubulin, and RNA polymerase II was sequenced for molecular identification. BLAST search indicated 99% identity with A. tubingensis. The pathogenicity test on healthy grape of Shine Muscat produced bunch rot, as the original symptoms. To select effective fungicides for the control of brunch rot, an in vitro antifungal activity of seven fungicides were evaluated against the growth of A. tubingensis. Five fungicides (dipenoconazole, tebuconazole, metconazole, iminoctadine, and captan) exhibited significantly strong suppression of the mycelial growth of A. tubingensis.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.435-438
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• 2008

A new spray rose cultivar 'Morning Shine' was bred from the cross between light pink spray cultivar 'Charming' and white spray cultivar 'Princess' at the National Horticulture Research Institute. The cross was made in 2000 and 'Morning Shine' was finally selected in 2006 after investigating characteristics for three years from 2003 to 2006. 'Morning Shine', a light yellow spray cultivar grows vigorously and has high productivity. The major characteristics of this cultivar are $159.7 stems/m^2/year$ in yield, 74.3 cm in length of cut flower, 7.2 cm in flower diameter, 35.6 in petal number, and 13.0 days in vase life. This cultivar can be propagated by both cutting and grafting. The consumer's preference of this cultivar is relatively higher than that of control cultivar, 'Sunny Lady'.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.780-787
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• 2023

Two mannitol producing lactic acid bacteria were isolated from pa (green onion)- kimchi, identified and named as Leuconostoc mesenteroides SKP 88 and Leuconostoc citreum SKP 92, respectively. Both isolates grew well at 25-30℃, initial pH 6-8, and 3% and lower NaCl concentration. Both isolates converted fructose into mannitol efficiently when grown on MRS broth containing fructose and glucose. Glucose was used as a carbon source and fructose was used as a precursor for mannitol. Mannitol yields were the highest in MRS broth with 3% fructose and 2% glucose. Shine muscat juice fermentation was done using each isolate as a starter. As fermentation progressed, decrease in pH and increases in titratable acidity and viable counts were observed. L. mesenteroides SKP 88 showed better mannitol conversion ability than L. citreum SKP 92, and shine muscat juice fermented with L. mesenteroides SKP 88 showed the mannitol production of 41.6 g/l at 48 h, and juice fermented with L. citreum SKP 92 showed 23.4 g/l at the same time. Yogurt fermentations showed similar patterns, and yogurt fermented with L. mesenteroides SKP 88 showed the mannitol production of 15.13 g/l. These results showed that both strains are useful as starters for healthy fermented foods with reduced fructose contents.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.422-430
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• 2000

In order to search for the effects of Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence and nucleotide sequence of spacer region (SD-ATG) on bGH expression, oligonucleotides containing random SD sequences and a spacer region were chemically synthesized. The distance between SD region and initiation codon (ATG) was fixed to 9 nucleotides in length. The expression vectors have been constructed using pT7-1 vector containing a T7 promoter. Positive clones were screened with colony hybridization and named pT7A or pT7B plasmid series. The selected clones were confirmed by DNA sequencing and finally, 19 clones having various SD combinations were obtained. When bovine growth hormone was induced by IPTG in E. coli BL21(DE3), all cells harboring these plasmids produced a detectable level of bGH in western blot analysis. However, various SD sequences did not affect on bGH expression, indicating that the sequences of SD and the spacer region did not sufficiently destabilize mRNA secondary structure of bGH gene. Therefore, these results indicate that the disruption of mRNA secondary structure might be a major factor for regulating bGH expression in the translational initiation process.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.81 no.3
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• pp.604-607
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• 2020

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2000.11c
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• pp.169-172
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• 2000

Recently, the advent of World-Wide-Web(WWW) and the explosive popularity of the Internet gave birth to collaborative applications which were enabled by computers and networks as their primary media. And the progress of 3D computer graphics enabled collaborative application with 3D virtual environments or distributed virtual environments. In this paper, we explain our implementation of Share collaboration engine and Virtual Architectural Engineering 2000 (VAE2000) system which is our pilot application implemented with Share collaboration engine. And we explain problems presented by our experiments with VAE2000 system. For those problems, we design our new middle-ware system, SHINE(SHared INternet Environment). The SHINE proposes new concepts and approaches for collaboration with 3D objects in a virtual world.