• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.206-229
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• 2007

This study draws on a sociopolitical perspective to investigate the possible impact of champion leadership by project leaders on project viability(resource supply and organizational support) and team members' team efficacy by analyzing the empirical data of 92 ongoing projects collected from 22 public and private R&D institutes in the electronics, telecommunication, machinery, and chemical industries. Results revealed that higher level of project championing by project leader tended to positively related to a high level of organizational support and resource supply. It was also found that teams members who experienced higher level of project championing by project leader tended to have higher team efficacy. Furthermore, project type and innovative climate moderate the champion leadership-project performance relationships. The results found in this study offer several theoretical and managerial implications. First, champion leadership by project leaders is quite helpful to get more moral support and legitimacy of the organization for the project, and thus for acquisition of more tangible and intangible resources required for successful implementation of the R&D project. Champion leadership by project leaders also impacts the morale and self-confidence of the team members. Project leaders gives a sense of purpose and meaning to project members by actively and enthusiastically promoting the project, and by expressing confidence in team members' capabilities to perform a given task. In addition, his or her soliciting assistance and additional resources can contribute the building the confidence of members that the project can be performed well. Second, the relationship between champion leadership and project performances is context-specific (i.e., project type and innovative climate). This study is one of the few to have tested the moderating effects between champion leadership and project performances with a empirical research design. This study extends the current knowledge on champion leadership in the innovation process by generalizing their importance in R&D projects to a new industrializing context, Korea, and further sheds light on the contingent relationship between champion leadership and project performances in the innovation process. Based on these findings, some areas for future research are discussed.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-21
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• 2007

This study seeks to understand the effects of information search activities and brand image on the hotel patronage intention based on the theory of reasoned action. First, it investigates the influence of attitude formed about hotel on the patronage intention. Second, it seeks to develope an alternative to TRA by looking into the effects of hotel image variable on hotel-specific attitude and patronage intention and attempts to substantiate the role of brand image as a substitute to subjective norm to increase the TRA's explanatory power. The main finding of this study are as follow; First, out of the three components of cognitive evaluation of hotel (human service, physical service and information service), human and physicial services were found to have significant influence on patronage intention. Brand image was found to exert notable influence on attitude toward hotel as well as patronage intention. Remarkably, the finding that brand image positively enhanced the TRA model sheds new strategic insight as to the usefulness of brand image as an alternative to overcome the TRA's limitation stemming from subjective norm. Third, it was learned that study subjects gave more weight to external information sources such as TV, radio, newspaper, magazine, and internet than to internal sources such as individual knowledge, experience or self image.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.20
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• pp.111-139
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• 2003

This study aims to explore concepts of public interest and universal service which have been essential ideologies and policy goals, but which have been a the state of conceptual chaos so far. It sheds light upon three aspects : (1) the origins of public interest and universal service, (2) conceptual components of public interest and universal service, and (3) the implementation of public interest and universal service ideologies into policy. As a result of this analysis, it was found, firstly, that public interest of broadcasting originated from western countries, was rooted in the United States, and then spread all over the world later. After universal service was begun in the United States, it became a key ideology of information and telecommunication in European countries and other countries as well. Secondly, when examining the conceptual components, more differences were found than commonalities between these two concepts. The most conspicuous common point was universalism The concept of public interest includes not only universal service, but also connotes other components such as independence, diversity, quality, and locality which are related to content. Thirdly, when these two ideologies are implemented into policy, there Is a contrast. This study shows that the public interest ideology was realized into regulatory policies, while the universal service ideology was realized into supportive policies. In conclusion, this paper suggests more exact usage academically, showing the differences between the two concepts. This paper recommends an enforced legal duty of broadcasters to provide universal service when the current broadcasting law is revised.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.29-60
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• 2003

This study investigates the certification role by the types of venture capitalists in KOSDAQ IPOs. The sample covers 88 venture companies listed on KOSDAQ from January, 1997 to December, 2001. The major results are as follows. Firstly, IPOs of firms backed by New Technology Business Investment Companies are less underpriced than those of firms backed by Small Business Investment Companies. The underpricing difference between two groups is statistically significant. This sheds light on the evidence of the certification role of venture capitalist in KOSDAQ IPOs market. Secondly, our result also attests the certification role by the types of venture capitalists among Small Business Investment Company. IPOs backed by yen拉re capitalists of financial institutions are less underpriced than those backed by venture capitalists of individual wealthy investors. The underpricing difference between two groups is statistically significant. Finally, underpricing of New Technology Business Investment Company-backed IPOs is less than that of Small Business Investment Company-backed IPOs. In addition, we found that the size of underpricing is affected by business history, sub-scription ratio, and total assets prior to registration.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.145-167
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• 2012

The objective of this study is to investigate the meaning of pre-service educare teachers' experience about child safety management classes based on Problem Based Learning (PBL). The participants in this study were thirty five sophomores majoring in Social Welfare, and fifteen weeks of data were collected. The participants were given five problems that were related with real situations. During the given period, they made documents from reflective journals, group or individual interviews, and online community resources. Analyzing the documents sheds light on the meaning of the pre-service educare teachers' experience. The results are as follows: First, pre-service educare teachers found themselves recovering confidence, earning recognitions from others, and pursuing their study. Second, they showed continuous conflicts not only with the PBL approach but also with themselves and group members. Finally, they experienced mutual help and interactions among the group members thorough their cooperative learning and they realized the meaning of cooperative learning by means of comparisons and references between the groups. In conclusion, this study confirms the applicability of PBL to the educare teacher training courses and points out specific ways to alleviate the conflicts in applying PBL to class needs in future studies.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.133-144
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• 2007

This study was conducted to determine the effective environmental control measures in preventing calf diarrheal disease in farms. It was found that the high numbers of calves in a cow house was directly related with the high incidence rate of diarrheal diseases. When the number of calves was increased in a cow house, it was difficult to reduce the diarrheal diseases of calves. It was revealed that the incidence rates of calf diarrheal disease were dramatically reduced when the delivery house which faced south. The periodical changes of bedding materials seemed beneficial good to control the possible resident infectious agents, including pathogenic viruses and bacteria. The control of the delivery time was important for reduction of calf diarrhea. It was revealed that September and October were the best time as the delivery period. In order to use old cow house as a delivery house, it should be sterilized by the disinfectant and the flame. When the diarrheal feces were removed as soon as possible, the transmission of diarrheal diseases among calves In the same house was reduced. When the diarrheal feces were not disposed, the incidence rate of diarrhea reached up to 50%. When the morbid calves were not quarantined, the incidence rate of diarrhea was 100%. In contrast, when the diseased calves were quarantined from other calves, the incidence rate of diarrhea was reduced, remarkably. The mean recovery time from the diarrhea of the treated calves in the southern cow house was much faster than that in the north cow house. The treatment of calves in a clean and well-ventilated cow house with dry bedding was more effective than that in a cold, wet, and dark house. It could be postulated that the most important environmental factor in the reduction of diarrheal diseases of calves is the blocking of the entry of the infectious agents. The complete sanitation and control of the delivery house in the using farm is more important than building a new cow house, for prevention of calf diarrheal diseases.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2018

Detecting exoplanets around giant stars sheds light on the later-stage evolution of planetary systems. We observed the M giant HD 18438 and the K giant HD 158996 as part of a Search for Exoplanets around Northern circumpolar Stars (SENS) and obtained 38 and 24 spectra from 2010 to 2017 using the high-resolution Bohyunsan Observatory Echelle Spectrograph (BOES) at the 1.8m telescope of Bohyunsan Optical Astronomy Observatory in Korea. We obtained precise RV measurements from the spectra and found long-period radial velocity (RV) variations with period 719.0 days for HD 18438 and 820.2 days for HD 158996. We checked the chromospheric activities using Ca $\text\tiny{II}$ H and $H{\alpha}$ lines, HIPPARCOS photometry and line bisectors to identify the origin of the observed RV variations. In the case of HD 18438, we conclude that the observed RV variations with period 719.0 days are likely to be caused by the pulsations because the periods of HIPPARCOS photometric and $H{\alpha}$ EW variations for HD 18438 are similar to that of RV variations in Lomb-Scargle periodogram, and there are no correlations between bisectors and RV measurements. In the case of HD 158996, on the other hand, we did not find any similarity in the respective periodograms nor any correlation between RV variations and line bisector variations. In addition, the probability that the real rotational period can be as longer than the RV period for HD 158996 is only about 4.3%. Thus we conclude that observed RV variations with a period of 820.2 days of HD 158996 are caused by a planetary companion, which has the minimum mass of 14.0 $M_{Jup}$, the semi-major axis of 2.1 AU, and eccentricity of 0.13 assuming the stellar mass of $1.8 M_{\odot}$. HD 158996 is so far one of the brightest and largest stars to harbor an exoplanet candidate.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.935-948
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• 2014

As chronic diseases have become more prevalent and problematic, effective cares for major chronic diseases have been a locus of the healthcare policy. In this regard, this study examines how region-specific characteristics affect the prevalence of hypertension in South Korea. To analyze, we combined a unique multi-year data set including key indicators of health conditions and health behaviors at the 237 small administrative districts. The data are collected from the Annual Community Health Survey between 2009 and 2011 by Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and other government organizations. For the purpose of investigating regional variations, we estimated using Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) and decision tree model. Our finding first suggests that using the multi-year data is more legitimate than using the single-year data for the geographical analysis of chronic diseases, because the significant annual differences are observed in most variables. We also find that the prevalence of hypertension is more likely to be positively associated with the prevalence of diabetes and obesity but to be negatively associated with population density. More importantly, noticeable geographical variations in these factors are observed according to the results from the GWR. In line with this result, additional findings from the decision tree model suggest that primary influential factors that affect the hypertension prevalence are indeed heterogeneous across regional groups. Taken as a whole, accounting for geographical variations of health conditions, health behaviors and other socioeconomic factors is very important when the regionally customized healthcare policy is implemented to mitigate the hypertension prevalence. In short, our study sheds light on possible ways to manage the chronic diseases for policy makers in the local government.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.1610-1615
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• 2001

Three studies were conducted to determine the effect of sex on pre- and post-weaning performance of pigs. These studies were conducted in response to observations that female pigs appear to grow faster than male pigs after weaning. In addition, female pigs have been found to grow faster than male pigs when supplied with supplemental milk before weaning. The aims of the present work were to further characterise the ontogeny of sex differences growth of nursing and growing pigs. In the first study, piglets sucking 32 sows were crossfostered to produce litters of 10 boars (n=9), 10 gilts (n=l 1) or 5 boars and 5 gilts (n=12). Liveweight of the sucking pigs was then measured weekly until weaning at 4 weeks of age. In the second study, 80 boars and 80 gilts were weaned at 26 days of age and growth performance measured until 21 days post-weaning. In the third experiment, 40 boars and 40 gilts were weaned into groups of 5 pigs at either 17 or 25 days of age and pigs were weighed until they were approximately 90 kg liveweight. All-boar litters grew more slowly than the all-gilt and mixed litters such that by 14 days of age the all-boar litters were 10% lighter than the all-gilt or mixed litters (39 vs. 43.8 kg, p=0.050). The proportional difference in litter weight appeared to be maintained at 21 days of age (53.9 vs. 59.4 kg, p=0.063) but was diminished by 28 days of age (66.5 vs. 70.8 kg, p=0.28). In the second study, gilts grew more quickly than boars over the first 7 and 21 days post-weaning and as a consequence were 10% heavier than boars at 21 days after weaning (13.7 vs 12.48 kg, p=0.001). In the third study, gilts grew more quickly than boars in the immediate 7 days post-weaning (40 vs. 5 g/day, p=0.014) whereas from 7 until 35 days post-weaning there was no significant difference in growth rate (381 vs. 360 g/day, p=0.19). Gilts also grew more quickly than boars over the 14 days after being moved into the grower (631 vs. 570 g/day, p=0.013) and finisher (749 vs. 688 g/day, p=0.038) sheds. However, these differences were not maintained over the entire period in each shed. These data support the hypotheses that gilts handle the stresses of weaning and other transitions better than boars.

• Journal of Korea Spatial Information System Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.18-27
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• 2010

In u-GIS environment, GeoSensor environment requires that dynamic data captured from various sensors and static information in terms of features in 2D or 3D are fused together. GeoSensors, the core of this environment, are distributed over a wide area sporadically, and are collected in any size constantly. As a result, storage space could be exceeded because of restricted memory in DSMS. To solve this kind of problems, a lot of related studies are being researched actively. There are typically 3 different methods - Random Load Shedding, Semantic Load Shedding, and Sampling. Random Load Shedding chooses and deletes data in random. Semantic Load Shedding prioritizes data, then deletes it first which has lower priority. Sampling uses statistical operation, computes sampling rate, and sheds load. However, they are not high accuracy because traditional ones do not consider spatial characteristics. In this paper 'Pre-Filtering based Post Load Shedding' are suggested to improve the accuracy of spatial query and to restrict load shedding in DSMS. This method, at first, limits unnecessarily increased loads in stream queue with 'Pre-Filtering'. And then, it processes 'Post-Load Shedding', considering data and spatial status to guarantee the accuracy of result. The suggested method effectively reduces the number of the performance of load shedding, and improves the accuracy of spatial query.