• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제56권5호
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• pp.633-649
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• 2023

Background/Aims: Mechanical properties (MPs) and axial and radial force (AF and RF) may influence the efficacy and complications of self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS) placement. We measured the MPs of various SEMSs and examined their influence on the SEMS clinical ability. Methods: We evaluated the MPs of 29 types of 10-mm SEMSs. RF was measured using a conventional measurement device. AF was measured using the conventional and new methods, and the correlation between the methods was evaluated. Results: A high correlation in AFs was observed, as measured by the new and conventional manual methods. AF and RF scatterplots divided the SEMSs into three subgroups according to structure: hook-and-cross-type (low AF and RF), cross-type (high AF and low RF), and laser-cut-type (intermediate AF and high RF). The hook-and-cross-type had the largest axial force zero border (>20°), followed by the laser-cut and cross types. Conclusions: MPs were related to stent structure. Hook-and-cross-type SEMSs had a low AF and high axial force zero border and were considered safest because they caused minimal stress on the biliary wall. However, the increase in RF must be overcome.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제12권12호
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• pp.1269-1276
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• 2003

In order to know the effect of atuoclaving on the heavy metal removal using chitosan, lead removal capacities and removal rates by various chitosans in aqueous solution were compared according to the various autoclaving time. The lead removal efficiencies and removal rates by the autoclaved chitosan were found to be on the order of 15 min(98％) ＞ 10 min(95％) ＞ 30 min(83％) ＞ 5 min(53％) ＞ 60 min(47％) ＞ 0 min(22％) chitosan. The molecular weight of chitosan was decreased by the increase of autoclaving time. Therefore, the heavy metal removal capacity was not well correlated to the molecular weight. Langmuir isotherm was well fitted to experimental results of equilibrium adsorption on chitosan. In order to examine the process of lead removal by the autoclaved chitosan, TEMs, SEMs and FT-IR analyses were used. The surface of autoclaved chitosan was much more porous and the lead removal was mainly occurred on the surface of chitosan. The structure of autoclaved chitosan was same as that of controlled chitosan.

• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공작기계학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.466-471
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• 2004

In focused-ion-beam (FIB) application of micromachining and device transplantation, four kinds of FIB processes, namely FIB sputtering, FIB-induced etching, redeposition, and FIB-induced deposition, are well utilized. As with FIB systems, scanning electron microscopes(SEMs) were extensively used in the semiconductor industry. They are the tools of choice for defect review and providing the image resolution needed for process monitoring. The enhanced capabilities of a dual-column on one chamber system are quickly becoming realized by the nano industry for performing a wide range of application.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.179-184
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• 2013

A voice recognition technology as a technology fundament plays an important role in medical devices with smart functions. This paper describes the implementation of a control system that can be utilized as a part of illumination equipment for medical applications (IEMA) based on a voice recognition. The control system can essentially be divided into five parts, the microphone, training part, recognition part, memory part, and control part. The system was implemented using the RSC-4x evaluation board which is included the micro-controller for voice recognition. To investigate the usefulness of the implemented control system, the experiments of the recognition rate was carried out according to the input distance for voice recognition. As a result, the recognition rate of the control system was more than 95% within a distance between 0.5 and 2m. The result verified that the implemented control system performs well as the smart control system based for an IEMA.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2015년도 제46회 하계학술대회
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• pp.754-755
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• 2015

초고속 전동기의 경우 시스템의 경량화, 소형화를 가능하게 함으로써 에너지 변환 효율을 크게 증가시킬 수 있어 여러 산업 분야에서의 적용이 점차 증가되고 있다. 하지만 초고속 전동기의 회전자에 쓰이는 희토류 영구자석은 높은 가격과 원료 수급의 불안정성으로 인해 대량 생산에 큰 걸림돌로 작용하고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 저렴한 가격과 재료 수급이 용이한 페라이트 영구자석을 이용한 7.5kW, 60000rpm급 초고속 전동기를 제시하였으며, 공간 고조파법을 사용하여 자계 특성 해석을 수행하였다. 해석 결과의 타당성은 유한요소해석 결과와의 비교를 통해 타당성을 입증하였다.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.509-535
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• 2010

This paper examines the Spaghetti bowl effect that different tariffs and rules of origin in multiple FTAs have resulted in increasing the significantly additional burden for business when it comes to apply for the use of FTA preference. The wide spread of FTAs in the several years, from 2003 to 2010, has been the most important trade policy development in economically important Korea. Korea presently has 5 FTAs in effect, and made 3 additional agreements which will be expected to take effect in next year. With the study result and expecting a growing number of FTAs in Korea in a next decade, the international trading firms will face rise of transaction costs for enterprises, particularly small- and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs) to cope with multiple tariffs and rule of origins in FTAs. To help mitigate negative effects and facilitate a more SEMs to use the FTA preference, providing new computer programs system, increasing the awareness of FTA provisions, improving business participation in FTA consultations, and SME support in light of education, and financial support are needed.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제24권7호통권206호
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• pp.633-642
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• 1986

In order to evaluate the effects of various finishing devices (Sof-Lex disc, diamond point, rubber point, fussure bur) on the surface roughness or two composite resins (Restodent, Enamelite 500), 15 specimens for each composite resin were made in the mold. Composite resin was prepared on the mixing pad by manufacturer's direction and filled in the mold cavity. A sheet of matrix is immediately placed on it and hold for 5 minutes to polymerize the resin. Surface finish was done after 10 minutes from the start of mixing. Scanning electron microscopy and surface profilometer were used to evaluate the surface roughness, porositites and striations of dental composite resins. The following results were observed; 1. The best finished surface was formed by celluloid matrix band. 2. Rubber point was excellent polishing device for Restodent. 3. Sof-Lex disc was the device of choice for polishing Enamelite 500. 4. Different polishing methods were effective for different composite resins. 5. SEMs of variously finished surfaces supported the profilometer measurements.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.100-105
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to provide in-flight security in situations where aviation security is constantly threatened by the increase in illegal interference in aircraft and the threat of terrorism that still exists. It is to identify legal operational problems such as education and qualification of the original system and to propose improvement measures. To this end, the need for revision based on relevant laws and guidelines such as "Operation Guidelines for In-Flight Security Officers" is to be discussed based on international standards such as ICAO and Federal Air Marshal. The research method was based on interviews with SEMs such as cabin managers, which focused on ensuring the legal status of In-Flight Security Officer, establishing relationships with captains, and improving education and training.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.448-458
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• 2017

본 연구는 옴니채널과 관련된 기존의 연구를 검토하고, 브랜드 체험과 소비자-브랜드 관계에 대한 문헌고찰을 통해서 옴니채널 브랜드에 대한 체험인식이 소비자-브랜드 관계품질과의 구조적 관계를 도출하였다. 연구모형을 검증하기 위해 부산지역 대학생과 직장인을 대상으로 하여 SSG.닷컴 이용경험이 있는 소비자를 대상으로 전체 250부의 설문지를 배포하여, 최종 210부의 설문이 연구모형 검증을 위해 이용되었다. 연구모형을 토대로 SPSS18.0과 LISREL8.3을 이용하여 가설을 검증한 결과 2개의 가설(가설 2-3, 가설 2-4)을 제외하고 모든 가설이 채택되었다. 이러한 연구 결과는 첫째, 소비자의 옴니 브랜드 체험은 감각(sence)을 통한 체험요인들의 전이효과를 통해 형성된 소비자의 인지적, 감정적 반응이 소비자의 행동에 중요한 요인으로 작용하는 것을 알 수 있다. 둘째, 소비자와 옴니채널 브랜드의 관계형성은 옴니 채널 브랜드에 대한 체험과 신뢰를 통한 애착과 심리적 유대감형성이 중요한 요임임을 알 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구결과는 최근 유통채널의 새로운 트렌드인 옴니채널에 대한 전략적 체험모듈(SEMs)과 공간 환경(Spatial Environment)관리에 대한 전반적인 이해 및 소비자 경험 및 관계적 인식과 관련된 이론적 및 실무적인 시사점을 제공할 수 있다.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2015

This paper aims to explore the small and medium sized enterprises'(SMEs') technological innovation through an open innovative strategy. Researchers have identified open innovation as external search 'breadth' and 'depth'. Although an open innovation strategy is well known as an effective way for SMEs' innovation, this stream of research examines differences between pursuing breadth of external knowledge and depth of external knowledge for SEMs' innovation. The sample comprises a total of 1106 SMEs included in the Korean Innovation Survey, and logistic regression analysis and odds ratio comparison were used to evaluate the relationship between external knowledge search and innovation outcomes. The results show that both 'breadth' and 'depth' positively affect the SMEs' innovation. When SMEs are simultaneously pursuing external searching for breadth and depth, however, a negative result on innovation outcome followed because of the lack of their internal resources and capacities. Despite these contributions, we have certain limitations that can be regarded as means of future research. Even though breadth and depth are adopted to measure the way of how a firm sources the external knowledge, companies may place the different weight on each source of knowledge. And also, it is difficult to understand how the knowledge gained through external search contributes to a firm's incremental and radical innovation, respectively.