• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.311-322
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• 2008

The objectives of the study were to analyze chemical water quality and physical habitat characteristics in the urban streams (Miho and Gap streams) along with evaluations of fish community structures and ecosystem health, throughout fish composition and guild analyses during 2006$\sim$2007. Concentrations of BOD and COD averaged 3.5 and 5.7 mg L$^{-1}$, in the urban streams, while TN and TP averaged 5.1 mg L$^{-1}$ and 274 ${\mu}g$ L$^{-1}$, indicating an eutrophic state. Especially, organic pollution and eutrophication were most intense in the downstream reach of both streams. Total number of fish was 34 species in the both streams, and the most abundant species was Zacco platypus (32$\sim$42% of the total). In both streams, the relative abundance of sensitive species was low (23%) and tolerant and omnivores were high (45%, 52%), indicating an typical tolerance and trophic guilds of urban streams in Korea. According to multi-metric models of Stream Ecosystem Health Assessments (SEHA), model values were 19 and 24 in Miho Stream and Gap Stream, respectively. Habitat analysis showed that QHEI (Qulatitative Habitat Evaluation Index) values were 123 and 135 in the two streams, respectively. The minimum values in the SEHA and QHEI were observed in the both downstreams, and this was mainly attributed to chemical pollutions, as shown in the water quality parameters. The model values of SEHA were strongly correlated with conductivity (r=-0.530, p=0.016), BOD (r=-0.578, p< 0.01), COD (r=-0.603, p< 0.01), and nutrients (TN, TP: r>0.40, p<0.05). This model applied in this study seems to be a useful tool, which could reflect the chemical water quality in the urban streams. Overall, this study suggests that consistent ecological monitoring is required in the urban streams for the conservations along with ecological restorations in the degradated downstrems.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.360-362
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• 2018

Pulmonary artery sling is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly, in which the left pulmonary artery originates from the right pulmonary artery and courses leftward between the trachea and the esophagus. Tetralogy of Fallot associated with pulmonary artery sling is even rarer, and only a few cases have been reported in the literature. We present a case of tetralogy of Fallot associated with pulmonary artery sling that was repaired successfully.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2022.07a
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• pp.449-450
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• 2022

반려견의 행동인식기술은 다양한 센서들에서 입력되는 반려견의 동작과 관련된 정보를 분석하고 해석하여 반려견이 어떤 행동을 취하고 있는지를 인식하는 기술이다. 음성인식기술은 컴퓨터가 청각 자료를 수집, 분석하여 훈련된 데이터와 비교를 통해 소리를 분류하는 기술이다. 본 논문에서는 딥러닝을 기반으로 행동인식기술과 음성인식기술을 적용하여 반려견의 감정을 판단하는 기법을 제안한다. 이러한 기법은 반려견의 감정을 쉽게 파악하여 반려견 보호자가 반려견의 행동과 감정에 대한 이해를 쉽고 빠르게 할 수 있으므로, 보호자에게 즐거운 반려 생활이 가능하도록 도움을 줄 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.85-91
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• 2020

The descendants of Jang, Chang-woo(張昌雨) reconstructed the Mangwijung (晩歸亭), which is currently located at Seha-dong, Seo-gu, Gangju Metropolitan City, in the context of succeeding the work of their ancestor. This study investigated the management viewpoint of Mangwijung that has been altered in going through the reconstruction and repairs processes, and examined the chronological history for a landscape of the Mangwijung Garden. First, in the Mangwijung Garden, three gazebos such as Mangwijung, Seubhyanggag(襲香閣) and Mukamjeongsa(墨庵精舍) stand in a row with three bridges between each of them in the middle of a wide pond. This is a group of gazebos that is a quite unique structure. Second, Hyowoodang(孝友堂) Jang, Chang-woo (張昌雨) built Mangwijung as a role of thatched cottage in order to teach younger students and enjoy the arts in his later life. The Mangwijung was reconstructed by the descendants of Jang, Chang-woo at the collapsed place later on in order to commemorate the achievements of their ancestor. By the way, it was revealed that the management of Mangwijung has been altered during the process of reconstruction. Third, when comparing the current appearance with those depicted in the 8 scenic views(八景) by Jang, Chang-woo and the literary works of his descendants, it was confirmed that the landscape and shape of the pond were damaged due to a road expansion caused by a construction of Seubhyanggag and Mukamjeongsa as well as an advancement of the city. Fourth, it is speculated that the pond of Mangwijung Garden is probably a spring not a reservoir to store the water stream that flows in.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.223-257
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• 1994

본 연구는 최초공모주식의 저가발행 원인에 대한 보험가설을 미국에서의 실제 소송사례를 중심으로 실증분석한다. Tinic(1988)은 최초공모주의 저가발행이 공모에 따르는 법률적 소송위험과 소송으로 인한 간사회사의 명예손상에 대한 일종의 보험효과를 가지고 있으며, 따라서 저가발행의 크기는 소송위험과 음의 관계에 있다고 주장한다. 또한 보험가설에 의하면 실제 소송이 발생했을 경우에도 저가발행의 크기는 소송결과에 유리하게 작용한다고 한다. 본 연구에서 는 1933-1990 기간동안 미국증권법 제 11조 조항을 위반하여 소송이 제기되었던 사례가운데 실제소송의 결과가 알려진 판례를 중심으로 보험가설의 주장을 실증분석 하였다. 또한 최초공모이후의 공모시장을 통한 기업자금 조달시에 주간사회사의 변경여부를 분석함으로써 소송으로 인한 간사회사의 명예손상의 정도를 파악하고자 했다. 연구결과에 따르면 투자자들에 의한 집단소송의 결과와 최초공모주의 저가발행의 크기에는 유의적인 관계가 있음이 실증적으로 제시되었다. 또한 간사회사의 명성과 실제 현금으로 환원한 소송위험간에도 유의적인 관계가 있음을 보여주고 있다. 한편 소송에 관련된 최초공모주의 경우에는 일단 소송이 제기된 후의 공모를 통한 추가기업자금 조달시에 기존의 간사회사를 전원 교체하는 등 통제집단과는 다른 형태를 보여 줌으로써 보험 가설의 주장을 지지하고 있다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.225-229
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• 2024

Venovenous (VV) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a lifesaving technique for patients experiencing respiratory failure. When VV ECMO fails to provide adequate support despite optimal settings, alternative strategies may be employed. One option is to add another venous cannula to increase venous drainage, while another is to insert an additional arterial return cannula to assist cardiac function. Alternatively, a separate ECMO circuit can be implemented to function in parallel with the existing circuit. We present a case in which the parallel ECMO method was used in a 63-year-old man with respiratory failure due to coronavirus disease 2019, combined with cardiac dysfunction. We installed an additional venoarterial ECMO circuit alongside the existing VV ECMO circuit and successfully weaned the patient from both types of ECMO. In this report, we share our experience and discuss this method.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.344-349
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• 2018

Background: We report our surgical technique for nonintubated uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) pulmonary resection and early postoperative outcomes at a single center. Methods: Between January and July 2017, 40 consecutive patients underwent nonintubated uniportal VATS pulmonary resection. Multilevel intercostal nerve block was performed using local anesthesia in all patients, and an intrathoracic vagal blockade was performed in 35 patients (87.5%). Results: Twenty-nine procedures (72.5%) were performed in patients with lung cancer (21 lobectomies, 6 segmentectomies, and 2 wedge resections), and 11 (27.5%) in patients with pulmonary metastases, benign lung disease, or pleural disease. The mean anesthesia time was 166.8 minutes, and the mean operative duration was 125.9 minutes. The mean postoperative chest tube duration was 3.2 days, and the mean hospital stay was 5.8 days. There were 3 conversions (7.5%) to intubation due to intraoperative hypoxemia and 1 conversion (2.5%) to multiportal VATS due to injury of the segmental artery. There were 7 complications (17.5%), including 3 cases of prolonged air leak, 2 cases of chylothorax, 1 case of pleural effusion, and 1 case of pneumonia. There was no in-hospital mortality. Conclusion: Nonintubated uniportal VATS appears to be a feasible and valid surgical option, depending on the surgeon's experience, for appropriately selected patients.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.271-305
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• 2020

An effect of coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical and chemical (THMC) behavior is an essential part of the performance and safety assessment of geological disposal systems for high-level radioactive waste and spent nuclear fuel. Furthermore, numerical models and modeling techniques are necessary to analyze and predict the coupled THMC behavior in the disposal systems. However, phenomena associated with the coupled THMC behavior are nonlinear, and the constitutive relationships between them are not well known. Therefore, it is challenging to develop numerical models and modeling techniques to analyze and predict the coupled THMC behavior in the geological disposal systems. It is also difficult to verify and validate the development of the models and techniques because it requires expensive laboratory tests and in-situ experiments that need to be performed for a long time. DECOVALEX was initiated in 1992 to efficiently develop numerical models and modeling techniques and validate the developed models and techniques against the lab and in-situ experiments. In Korea, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute has participated in DECOVALEX-2011, DECOVALEX-2015, and DECOVALEX-2019 since 2008. In this study, all tasks in the three DECOVALEX projects were introduced to the researcher in the field of rock mechanics and geotechnical engineering in Korea.