• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.67-70
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• 1992

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of the different seeding date on the dry matter yield and chemical composition of oat for forage. The crops wrc sccdcd on August 3l(lirst). Scptember IO(second). and September 20(third seeding date) and were taken on November 24, 1991. The results are summarized as follows : 1. The plant heights were 68, 54 and 40 cm at first, second, and third seeding date, respetively. 2. Dry matter (DM) content decreased with delaying seeding date from first to third seeding date. DM varied from 18.6 to 14.9 %. 3. Leaf weight ratio increased with delaying seeding date from first to third seeding date, varied from 51 to 67 %, but stems decreased from 49 to 33 %. 4. The dry matter yields per ha decreased with delaying seeding date: it was 5.670. 3.960 and 2.310kg at first, second and third seeding date. Significant differences has been obtained among date(P<. 05). 5. The content of crude protein increased with delaying seeding date from first to third seeding date. varied from 16.3 to 22.6%. but NDF and ADF content decreased.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.55-59
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• 2007

This experiments were conducted to evaluate suitable plant-type and cultivars for producing fresh pod peanut from late seeding as succeeding crop, compared with early seeding as proceeding crop or single cropping. 12 cultivars according to grain weight and plant types, 6 virginia typed cultivars(ssp. hypogaea) and 6 shinpung typed cultivars(ssp. fastigiata), were used for early and late seedings. The plant growth and yield potential in early seeding were better than those in late seeding. But the ratios of dry/fresh pod and of mature pod in late seeding were higher than those of early seeding. The yield of fresh pod by cultivars in two seeding times showed significant correlation with pod scale such as fresh pod weight, 100-grain weight, and dry seed yield positively, but pod number negatively in early seeding only. Yield of fresh peanut between Virginia and Shinpung types didn't show significant difference in early seeding, but showed in late seeding. Average yield of Virginia typed cultivars showed significantly higher than that of Shinpung typed ones. This yield gap between two plant types was the same tendency on extending seedings to July 20.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.264-268
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• 1998

The experiment was conducted to clarify irrigation requirement and percolation rate in rice paddy. The four rice cultural system of no-tin, till, transplanting, and direct seeding condition were treated in the lysimeter filled with sandy loam soil. The amounts of irrigation and soil percolation were measured daily, and irrigation requirement was estimated. The daily percolation was 19.5 l/$\textrm{m}^2$ in no-till direct seeding on flooded paddy surface, 17.4 l/$\textrm{m}^2$ in both of till-direct seeding on flooded surface and no-till transplanting, and 15.2 l/$\textrm{m}^2$ in transplanting plot. This is equivalent to 19.5, 17.4, and 15.2 mm per day, respectively. Highest irrigation requirement was 3,770 l/$\textrm{m}^2$ in no-till direct seeding plots. Others were 3,249, 2,577, and 2,321 l/$\textrm{m}^2$ in till-direct seeding, no-till transplanting and transplanting plot, respectively. The estimated irrigation requirement of no-till transplanting, till-direct seeding and no-till direct seeding was increased by 11, 37, and 59% compared to till-transplanting plot. Percolation rate of no-till transplanting, till direct seeding and no-till direct seeding was increased by 12%, 40%, and 66%, respectively compared to the till-transplanting plot. The percolation rate in paddy soil was increased greatly after reproductive stage of rice.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.662-668
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• 2016

No-tillage dry-seeding of rice can offer potential benefits by reducing time and labor cost compared with conventional tillage practices. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of no-tillage dry-seeding on rice growth and soil hardness in comparison with other rice cultivation methods, machine transplanting and wet-hill-seeding on puddled paddy. The seedling stand fell within optimum range for both no-till dry-seeding and wet-hill-seeding on puddled paddy. Plant height, number of tillers and SPAD values in no-tillage dry-seeding cultivation were higher than those observed in other methods. There were no significant differences in grain yield of rice among three cultivation methods. The quality characteristics of milled rice grown in no-tillage dry-seeding were similar to those grown in other cultivation methods. Soil hardness in top 10 cm depth was significantly higher in no-tillage dry-seeding than other cultivation methods, while soil hardness below 10 cm depth was highest in machine transplanting cultivation. Results indicate that no-tillage dry-seeding practice is comparable to conventional tillage system in terms of seedling establishment, growth, yield and grain quality.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.335-338
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• 2000

The technology of direct-seeding in rice cultivation is an innovation mainly induced by factors in market economy and is rapidly diffused among individual farmhouses. Because the effect of technology can be affected by many factors under various farming circumstances, the impact and stability of the direct-seeding technology compared with transplanting was analyzed under various topographical regions. Yield in direct-seeding was higher in plains, although the farm size producing higher yield was quite different depending on the topographical regions. In the direct-seeding cultivation of rice, man-labor hours was reduced by about 38 percent and the reduction rate showed little difference among topographical regions. Fertilizer was used about 11 percent more but the increase rate varied from 3 to 17 percent depending on regions with higher rates in plains. Application of agricultural chemicals was also increased about 9 percent in direct-seeding, but the increase rate was as high as 12 percent in suburbs. More fertilizer and agricultural chemicals were used in direct-seeding cultivation by farmhouses implementing both direct-seeding and transplanting than by those implementing direct-seeding only. Use of more fertilizers and agricultural chemicals in direct-seeding in all regions may indicate its technical instability. Major problems causing the technical instability of direct-seeding cultivation should be solved by comprehensive research considering various farming circumstances such as topographical features rather than just a top-down style research and extension.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.124-127
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• 1998

Since weedy rice problems have emerged with the recent advent of direct seeding cultivation in Korea, the establishment of effective control strategies for weedy rice is considered to be one of the urgent issues to be solved for widely practiced direct seeding rice cultivation. A three year experiment was conducted to investigate the occurrence pattern of weedy rice in four different rice cultivation practices: high ridged dry seeding, wet drill seeding, water seeding, and machine transplanting. The highest weedy rice occurrence of 11.0% was observed in high ridged dry seeding practice followed by 9.6% in wet drill seeding, 6.4% in water seeding practice, and 0.2% in machine transplanting practice, respectively. The same trend was observed when we examine the occurrence of contamination of panicle and rice grain by weedy rice. More contamination was observed in high ridged dry seeding than any other practices. It was also found that the possible emergence depths from the soil surface was deeper in both in ridged dry seeding and wet drill seeding practice (0-5 cm from the soil surface) than those in water seeding (0-4 cm), and machine transplanting practice (0-3 cm). The highest yield reduction of 19.5% was observed in high ridged dry seeding practice followed by 13.0% in wet drill seeding, 6.3% in water seeding practice. The reduction may have occurred to the competition between weedy rice and cultivated rice, These findings suggest that among the four cultural practices examined, the machine transplanting practice is the most effective method to control and reduce the weedy rice occurrence and weedy rice seed in soil.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.208-208
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• 2017

No-tillage practices are expected to provide several benefits such as increasing soil organic matter, reducing labor time and saving energy cost compared with conventional tillage practices. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of no-tillage dry-seeding on rice growth and soil properties in comparison with other rice cultivation methods, machine transplanting and wet-hill-seeding on puddled paddy. Rice seedling establishment was slightly higher in no-tillage dry-seeding treatment ($145seedling\;m^{-2}$) than wet-hill-seeding on puddled paddy treatment ($111seedling\;m^{-2}$), but the seedling establishment in both treatments fell within the optimum range for direct seeding rice cultivation. Plant height, number of tillers and chlorophyll content (SPAD value) of rice in no-tillage dry-seeding treatment were higher than those of the other treatments. However, no significant differences in grain yield was observed among three cultivation methods, and the yield ranged 5.8 to $5.9ton\;ha^{-1}$. The heading date from seeding under no-tillage dry-seeding treatment was on average 109 days, which was similar to that under machine transplanting treatment (112 days), but 10 days later than that under wet-hill-seeding on puddled paddy treatment (99 days). Grain quality characteristics grown in no-tillage dry-seeding were similar to those grown in the other cultivation methods. These results indicate that no-tillage dry-seeding practice is comparable to conventional tillage system in terms of seedling establishment, growth, yields and grain quality.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 1996년도 International Conference on Agricultural Machinery Engineering Proceedings
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• pp.977-986
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• 1996

The uncertainty of rains at the onset of wet season (WS) and the drought risk involved hinder growing more than one rainfed lwoland rice crop per year. Establishing transplanted rice well into the WS leaves insufficient moisture in the soil for subsequent crop. Rice establishment early in the season gives the farmer better opportunities to grow a crop after rice. An experiment was conducted startign in 1993 to evaluate dry seeding of rice through slit soil seeding. It is done utilizing the vertical metering slit seeder for conserving soil moisture coming from the first rains in the early WS to sustain germination and establishment of the seeding at least until the succeeding rains under therainfed lowland (RL) environment. The treatment consisted of slit-seeding the PSBRc 14 into the tilled and nontilled plots at 100kg/ha and at depths of <10 mm (shallow seeding) and 60-70m (deep seeding). The control treatment was broadcast seeded on tilled soil and harrow to cover the seeds The superior crop establishment observed in 1995 WS experiment on nontilled, slit-seeded plots confirmed the results observed in 1993 WS and 1994 WS experiments. Emergence in deep seeding was not significantly different from shallow seeding in nontilled plots giving an average yield of 2.1 t/ha in all slit-seeded plots. This offers an advantage of reduced energy in put in nontilled shallow seeding. However, heavy weed infestation has to be addressed at the early stage of rice in nontilled soil to get the full advantage from slit seeding. The consistently better crop establishment observed in slit seeding over that of broadcast seeding in the WS of 1993, 1994 and 1995 also demonstrates that the slit seeding technology can be adopted with confidence in the rainfed lowland field condition to reduce the risks involved in broadcast seeding.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.125-131
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• 1994

This experiment was canied out to study -the effects of different seeding date on the yields and nutritional value of Pearl millet. Seeding dates were $S_1$,$S_2$,$S_3$,$S_4$, and $S_5$, and harvest dates were $S_1$, (7 July) and $S_2$, (18Augst), respectively. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Plant length was not influenced by seeding date at each harvest. The seeding date at $S_4$,showed the longest plant length of 90.4 an on average per year, which was longer by 17 cm compared to 73.3 cm harvested at $S_5$. 2. Total dry matter yield was not significantly different among seeding dates. Total dry matter yield in 1993 increased according to delayed seeding date from $S_1$ to $S_4$. Dry matter yield of 17.3 tonha was obtained in $S_4$. 3. The relative yield of leaf tended to increase with delayed seeding date, and varied from 60% to 69%. 4. Dry matter ratio decreased with delayed seeding date from $S_1$,(20 April) to $S_5$ (30 May), and varied from 15.6% to 12.3%. 5. Crude protein content of leaf at 1st and 2nd harvest and stem at 1st harvest were significantly different among various seeding dates. Avenge crude protein content increased with delayed seeding date from 9.0% at $S_1$ (20April) to 12.8% at (30 May) $S_5$ (30 May). 6. NDF and ADF of leaf at the 1st harvested were significantly different among seeding dates. NDF content decreased with delayed seeding date from 61.9% to 57.8%, and ADF content decreased with delayed seeding date from 34.8% to 32.2%.

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.5-18
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• 2018

벼 직파재배 유형(담수산파, 무논점파) 및 사용 종자별 생육특성 및 수량 비교 시험 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. ① 출아일수는 9~11일이 소요되었고, 싹튼 볍씨 사용이 철분코팅볍씨 사용 직파보다 1~2일이 빨랐으며, m²당 입모 수는 103~147개로 담수산파의 철분코팅볍씨 사용에서 가장 많았으나, 벼 직파방법 간에 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 결주율(무논점파)은 2.7~3.7%이었다. ② 초장생육에서 직파는 기계이앙 보다는 짧았고, 벼 직파방법 간에는 담수산파가 무논점파보다 파종 후 60일까지는 길었으나, 파종 후 75일 이후는 비슷하였다. 사용 종자 간에는 철분코팅볍씨 사용이 싹튼 볍씨 사용보다 길었고, 담수산파에서는 통계적 유의성도 있었다. ③ m²당 경수는 6월 17일(파종후 30일)에는 기계이앙이, 파종 후 45일과 60일에는 담수산파의 철분코팅볍씨 사용에서 가장 많았고, 파종 후 75일과 90일 m²당 경수는 352~405개로 벼 재배방법 간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. ④ 출수기는 직파에서 8월 21~23일로 기계이앙(8월 13일)보다는 8~10일이 늦었고, 직파방법 간에는 차이가 없었으나, 사용종자 간에는 철분코팅 볍씨 사용이 싹튼 볍씨 사용보다 2일이 빨랐다. ⑤ 성숙기 벼 생육특성에서 간장은 기계이앙(72.4cm)보다 철분코팅볍씨 사용 담수산파 및 무논점파는 통계적으로 각각 유의하게 길고 짧았으며, 수장은 무논점파의 싹튼 볍씨 사용(24.3cm)에서 가장 길었고, 담수산파 및 기계이앙과 통계적 유의성이 있었다. 벼 직파방법별 사용종자 간에는 수장은 별 차이가 없었다. m²당 수수는 357~407개로 담수산파의 철분코팅볍씨 사용에서 가장 많았으나 벼 재배방법별로 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 수당입수는 102~106개로 거의 같았다. ⑥ 수량구성요소는 m²당 입수는 37,105~42,450개, 현미천립중은 21.9~22.8g으로 담수산파의 철분코팅볍씨 사용에서 가장 많았고 무거웠다. 등숙비율은 77.6~86.3%으로 무논점파의 철분코팅볍씨 사용에서 가장 높았으나, 수량구성요소 모두 벼 재배방법 간에 통계적 유의성은 없었다. ⑦ 쌀 수량은 10a당 568~686kg으로 담수산파의 철분코팅 볍씨 사용(686kg/10a)에서 가장 높았으며 기계이앙 및 그 외 직파방법과 통계적 유의성도 있었다. 그 외 직파방법은 기계이앙(568kg/10a) 대비 3~7% 높았으나, 통계적 유의성은 없었다. ⑧ 잎도열병은 벼 생육초기 기계이앙과 담수산파에서 약간 발병하였고, 잎집무늬마름병과 이삭누룩병은 기계이앙>무논점파≥담수산파 순으로 심하였다. ⑨ 잡초는 담수산파의 싹튼 볍씨 사용에서 발생이 심했고, 8월 16일 이후는 벼 재배방법 다같이 후발피가 발생하였다. 잡초성벼는 기계이앙은 발생되지 않았으나, 싹튼 볍씨 사용 직파는 0.6~0.7%, 철분코팅볍씨 사용 직파는 0.1%정도 발생하였다.