• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.111-123
• /
• 2008

Objectives : We aimed to investigate therapeutic effect of Bojungikgitang-gamibang(BI) and Mahwangshingungsan(MS) by observing changes in blood cells and the nasal mucosa of Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats with allergic rhinitis. Methods : Twenty-four SD rats were divided into three groups: normal, control, and sample group. Allergic rhinitis was induced in the control and sample group by intraperitoneal and intranasal sensitization with 0.1% and 0.4% Ovalbumin solution. Then BI was orally administered only to the sample group along with MS for 28days, while the rats in the control group was given normal saline. Results : BI and MS showed significantly decreased IgE level on the serum of the rat model, Bl and MS showed significantly decreased eosinophil level on the blood of the rat model. BI and MS inhibited the inflammatory reaction on the nasal mucosal tissue, according to nasal mucosal biopsy. Bl and MS had anti-allergic according to level, eosinophil level, nasal mucosal biopsy. BI and MS had no hepatoxicity, according to AST and ALT on the serum. Conclusion : According to the above results, it is considered that Bl and MS is helpful in treatment of allergic rhinitis.

• 대한본초학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.203-212
• /
• 2008

Objectives : This study was performed to prove the anti-hypertensive and anti-diabetic effect of Mori Ramulus(MR). Methods : The examination was done on the femoral artery occlusion of the rat, and check the blood pressure. In addition, we observed therapueutic effects on diabetes rats induced by streptozotocin. Results : MR MeOH Ex, showed few effect on descending blood pressure in SD rat model. MR CHC13 layer (MRC) showed significant effect on descending blood pressure. MR was effective on the streptozotocin-induced diabetes SD rats. Especially MRC reduced the amount of serum glucose, BUN, triglyceride and insulin level. Conclusions : MRC could induce descending blood pressure in the rat model. Also, it is expected to be effective in diabetes treatment.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.513-521
• /
• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of electrical stimulation on the change Tyrosine-Hydroxylase immunoreactive(TH-IR) cells in the Central gray and retrorubral field of the male SD rats. 9 healthy and normal rats were divided into three groups, 3 SD rat in each group. The one group has been stimulated by electroacupuncture(EA, 2Hz) for 30min and the other group by EA for 1hr 30min and control group has been stimulated. TH-IR cells were found in the Central gray(CG) and Retrorubral field(RF). The numbers of TH-IR cells of CG and RF were significantly increased after 30 min (CG $6.2{\pm}0.83$, RF $1.4{\pm}0.55$)as compared with control group(CG $24{\pm}3.16$, RF $6.4{\pm}0.55$) and were also significantly increased after 1hr 30min(CG $75.6{\pm}4.51$, RF $18.8{\pm}0.89$) than 30min. These results show that TH is related into CG and RF in response to electrical stimulation.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제37권4호
• /
• pp.285-287
• /
• 1999

Changes in the expression level of splenocyte $IFN-{\gamma}$mRNA of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats infected with Paragonimus westermani were analyzed by competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) followed by southern blot. The template RNA was extracted from the splenocytes of rats infected with 20 metacercariae of P. westermani. The products of competitive RT-PCR were subjected to southern blot and enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL), and analyzed with a densitometer. In comparison with that of uninfected control rat splenocytes (value of 1), the levels of mRNA expression of $IFN-{\gamma}$had changed to 0.747 at 1 week post infection (PI), 0.00175 at 2 week PI, 0.0217 at 3 week PI, 0.194 at 4 week PI and then to 0.537 at 5 week PI. The level at 7 week PI had returned to 1.25, comparable with that of uninfected rats. These results show that, when infected with p. westermani, the levels of $IFN-{\gamma}$ mRNA of SD rat splenocytes were remarkably reduced by more than 500 times at 2 week PI and restored to normal level at 7 week PI.

• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제36권1호
• /
• pp.22-32
• /
• 2015

Objectives: This study researched the effect of Gamisoyo-san intravenous pharmacopuncture on restoration of liver function after partial hepatectomy in SD rat. Methods: Twelve rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group (n=4) underwent partial hepatectomy, saline group (n=4) was injected $1m{\ell}$ saline after partial hepatectomy, Gamisoyo-san group (n=4) was injected with 10mg/kg Gamisoyo-san after partial hepatectomy. Liver function and liver regeneration ratio were measured on the seventh day after partial hepatectomy. Results: The results show that the AST, AST and ALT level in Gamisoyo-san group was significantly lower than those of control group and saline group(P<0.05) Conclusion: In partial hepatectomy model, Gamisoyo-san intravenous pharmacopuncture seems to significantly promote the restoration of liver function.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.20-26
• /
• 1999

목 적 : 스트레스 유발 고혈압을 일으키는데 말초성 benzodiazepine수용체가 중요한 역할을 하리라 추정되어 왔다. 반복적 부동화 스트레스에 의한 신장의 말초성 benzodiazepine수용체의 변화 양상을 Sprague-Dawley rats와 boderline hypertensive rats의 두 실험동물군에서 비교, 관찰하여 고혈압을 유발하는데 신장의 말초성 benzodiazepine 수용체의 병태생리학적 기능을 규명하고자 하였다. Benzodiazepine수용체의 변화 양상은 방사성 동위원소를 사용한 수용체 결합 반응으로 검색하였으며 elevated plus maze검사로 각 실험동물의 불안도를 측정하여 각 군간의 결과를 비교, 관찰하였다. 방 법 : 불안도를 보기 위하여 측정한 plus-maze performance에서 percent open crosses는 Sprague-Dawley rats ($34.7{\pm}2.2$)에 비해 boderline hypertensive rats ($16.2{\pm}1.7$)가 유의하게 낮았고(P<0.05), percent time in open도 Sprague-Dawley rats ($22.5{\pm}1.0$)에 비해 boderline hypertensive rats ($12.1{\pm}1.2$)가 유의하게 낮아 불안도가 높은 상태임을 나타내었다(P<0.05). 스트레스를 주지 않은 Sprague-Dawley rats의 신장 말초성 benzodiazepine수용체의 수(Bmax: $5.5{\pm}0.6$pmol/mg protein)에 비하여 boderline hypertensive rats의 수용체의 수($3.1{\pm}0.7$pmol/mg protein)는 유의하게 낮았다(P<0.05). 하루 2시간씩 14일간 부동화 스트레스를 부하하였을 때, Sprague-Dawley rats와 boderline hypertensive rats에서 신장의 말초성 benzodiazepine 수용체의 수($7.4{\pm}0.7$ 및 $5.9{\pm}1.2$ pmol/mg protein)는 스트레스를 주지 않았을 때보다 증가하였으며(P<0.05), 스트레스에 노출된 boderline hypertensive rats는 스트레스에 노출된 Sprague-Dawley rats에 비하여 신장 말초성 benzodiazepine수용체의 수가 여전히 낮은 수준임을 관찰할 수 있었다(P<0.05). 결 론 : 이상의 결과로부터 신장의 말초성 benzodiazepine수용체는 스트레스 조절작용을 매개하며, 본 수용체의 수적 감소는 스트레스에 의한 고혈압 발생에 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 생각되었다.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.97-102
• /
• 2001

This study was performed to evaluate the actue sbucutaneous toxicity of hydroxyapatite sinter produced from tuna bone in Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats. Hydroxyapatite sinter was administrated at dose levels of 5000, 2500, 1250, 625, 312.5 and 0 mg/kg. After single subcutaneous adiminstration to both sexes to both sexes SD rats, we observed rats for 14 days. Hydroxyapatite sinter did not induce any toxic signs inmortalities, clinical findings, body weights and gross findings of the rats. In view of result, it was impossible to estimate LD/ sub 50/ values in SD rats. In conclusion, these results suggest that hydroxyapatite sinter produced from tuna bone has no effect on acute subcutaneous toxicity in SD rats.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.43-50
• /
• 2001

The effects of cardiac ischemia-reperfusion and $\beta$-adrenergic stimulation on metabolic function and energetics were investigated in Lan gendorff-perfused spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) hearts. Sarcoplasmic reticulum {TEX}$Ca^{2+}${/TEX}-dependent ATPase and cardiac lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) are additionally studied. The perfusion medium (1.0 mM {TEX}$Ca^{2+}${/TEX}) contained 5 mM glucose(+5 U/L insulin) and 2 mM pyruvate as substrates. Global ischemia was induced by reducing perfusion pressure of 100 to 40 cm {TEX}$H_{2}${/TEX}O, followed by 20 min reperfusin. Isoproterenol (ISO, 1$\mu$M) was infused for 10 min. Coronary vascular resistance and myocardial oxygen consumption ({TEX}$MVO_{2}${/TEX}) of SHR were increased in parallel with enhanced venous lactate during ischemia and reperfusion compared to those of Sprague Dawley (SD) hearts. Although ischemia-induced increase in venous lactate and combined adenosine plus inosine was abolished, coronary vasodilation produced in SD during reperfusion. In SHR, depressed reactive hyperemia was associated with a fall in cardiac ATP and CrP/Pi ratio and a rise in intracellular lactate/Pyruvate ratio. On the other hand, ISO produced coronary functional hyperemia and an increase in {TEX}$MVO_{2}${/TEX}. However, these responses were less than those in SHR hearts. The ATPase activity of SHR was attenuated in free {TEX}$Ca^{2+}${/TEX} concentrations used under basal condition and with ISO compared to that of SD. Venous lactate output and cardiac LDH activity were augmented in SHR as influenced by ISO. These results demonstrate that coronary reactive and functional hyperemia was dpressed in SHR, which cold be explained by alterations in the cytosolic phosphorylation potential and the cytosolic redox state manipulated by LDH, and by abnormal free calcium handling.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.180-193
• /
• 2024

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Obesity is a major cause of metabolic disorders; to prevent obesity, research is ongoing to develop natural and safe ingredients with few adverse effects. In this study, we determined the anti-obesity effects of Rosa multiflora root extract (KWFD-H01) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. MATERIALS/METHODS: The anti-obesity effects of KWFD-H01in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and SD rats were examined using various assays, including Oil Red O staining, gene expression analyses, protein expression analyses, and blood biochemical analyses. RESULTS: KWFD-H01 reduced intracellular lipid accumulation and inhibited the mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), cytidine-cytidine-adenosine-adenosine-thymidine (CCAAT)/enhancer binding proteins (C/EBPα), sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1 (SREBP-1c), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and fatty acid synthase (FAS) in 3T3-L1 cells. KWFD-H01 also reduced body weight, weight gain, and the levels of triglycerides, total and LDL-cholesterol, glucose, and leptin, while increasing high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and adiponectin in SD rats. PPARγ, C/EBPα, SREBP-1c, ACC, and FAS protein expression was inhibited in the epididymal fat of SD rats. CONCLUSION: Overall, these results confirm the anti-obesity effects of KWFD-H01 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and SD rats, indicating their potential as baseline data for developing functional health foods or pharmaceuticals to control obesity.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제41권4호
• /
• pp.317-324
• /
• 2014

Background Burn infliction techniques are poorly described in rat models. An accurate study can only be achieved with wounds that are uniform in size and depth. We describe a simple reproducible method for creating consistent burn wounds in rats. Methods Ten male Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized and dorsum shaved. A 100 g cylindrical stainless-steel rod (1 cm diameter) was heated to $100^{\circ}C$ in boiling water. Temperature was monitored using a thermocouple. We performed two consecutive toe-pinch tests on different limbs to assess the depth of sedation. Burn infliction was limited to the loin. The skin was pulled upwards, away from the underlying viscera, creating a flat surface. The rod rested on its own weight for 5, 10, and 20 seconds at three different sites on each rat. Wounds were evaluated for size, morphology and depth. Results Average wound size was $0.9957cm^2$ (standard deviation [SD] 0.1845) (n=30). Wounds created with duration of 5 seconds were pale, with an indistinct margin of erythema. Wounds of 10 and 20 seconds were well-defined, uniformly brown with a rim of erythema. Average depths of tissue damage were 1.30 mm (SD 0.424), 2.35 mm (SD 0.071), and 2.60 mm (SD 0.283) for duration of 5, 10, 20 seconds respectively. Burn duration of 5 seconds resulted in full-thickness damage. Burn duration of 10 seconds and 20 seconds resulted in full-thickness damage, involving subjacent skeletal muscle. Conclusions This is a simple reproducible method for creating burn wounds consistent in size and depth in a rat burn model.