• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.418-418
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• 2005

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.455-460
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• 2010

We evaluated the inappropriateness of metformin use in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic medical conditions to identify the frequency of the prescription metformin in violation of the food and drug administration (FDA) black box warning. We reviewed medical records of 307 outpatients who received metformin at endocrinology department in a hospital setting between January 1, 2005 and August 30, 2009. Of the 307 outpatients, 25 discontinued treatment of metformin due to elevated serum creatinine level (Scr${\geq}$1.5 mg/dl in male, Scr${\geq}$1.4 mg/dl in female), cancers, and/or liver disease. 5 were lost to follow-up. 89 (29.0%) of the patients had cardiovascular disease, 54.1% for hypertension, 9.8% for liver disease, and 60 (20.8%) for chronic kidney disease. 12 patients (3.9%) with chronic kidney disease and/or elevated serum creatinine level, and 1 patient (0.3%) with lactic acidosis were contraindicated to metformin use. Metformin should be avoided in 7 outpatients (2.3%) with active hepatitis and 1 patient (2.6%) with liver cirrhosis. Of the 307 outpatients, 13 (4.2%) patients who received metformin at the first visit and 16 (8.7%) patients who received metformin at the last visit violated to black box warning. 8 (2.6%) of the patients were in precautionary conditions to metformin use. Adjusted mean difference of serum creatinine was -0.16 mg/dl [95% CI: -0.22 to -0.11 (p<0.05)] and adjusted mean difference of alanine aminotransferase was 4.46 IU/l [95% CI: 2.47 to 6.44 (p<0.05)] between the first visit and the last visit. Critical number of elderly patients who are at the high risks of drug-disease and drug-laboratory interaction is exposed to the inappropriate metformin use in violation of black box warning. The periodic evaluation of metformin use and monitoring prescription through drug utility review (DUR) system is needed to improve patients' safety and to reduce adverse drug events.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.108-118
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• 2005

The software of the nuclear power plant digital control system is a safety-critical system where many techniques must be applied to it in order to preserve safety in the whole system. Formal specifications especially allow the system to be clearly and completely specified in the early requirements specification phase, therefore making it a trusted method for increasing safety. In this paper, we discuss a systematic method, which generates PLC-based FBD programs from the requirements specification using NuSCR, a formal requirements specification method. This FBD programs takes an important position in design specification. The proposed method can reduce the possible errors occur in the manual design specification, and the software development cost and time. To investigate the usefulness of our proposed method, we introduce the fixed set-point rising trip example, a trip logic of BP in DPPS RPS, which is presently being developed at KNICS.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.42 no.6 s.336
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• pp.9-16
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• 2005

It is well blown about the fact that turbo code has better the BER performance as the number of decoding iterations increases in the AWGN channel environment. However, as the number of decoding iterations is increased under the several channel environments, any further iteration results in very little improvement, and it requires much delay and computation in proportion to the number of decoding iterations. In this paper, it proposes the efficient iterative decoding stop criterion algorithm which can largely reduce the computation and the average number of decoding iterations of turbo code. Through simulations, it is verifying that the proposed algorithm can efficiently stop the iterative decoding by using the variance value of LLR and can largely reduce the computation and the average number of decoding iterations without BER performance degradation. As a result of simulation, the computation for the proposed algerian is reduced by about $40\%$ compared to conventional CE algorithm. The average number of decoding iterations for the proposed algorithm is reduced by about $9.94\%$ and $8.32\%$ compared to conventional HDA and SCR algorithm respectively, and by about $2.16\%{\~}7.84\%$ compared to conventional CE algorithm.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.54 no.8
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• pp.401-409
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• 2005

This paper describes a feasibility analysis result of STATCOM application for the Jeju-Haenam HVDC system. The Jeju-Haenam HVDC system is one of the typical HVDC system interconnected with the low short-circuit-ratio AC system, which is vulnerable to the commutation failure due to the AC voltage variation. STATCOM has been considered as an effective reactive-power compensator to increase short-circuit-ratio of the interconnected AC system. In this study, a simulation model of Jeju-Hacnam HVDC system with STATCOM was developed using PSCAD/EMTDC. The developed simulation model was utilized to analyze the dynamic performance analysis of Jeju-Haenam HVDC system with STATCOM. The analysis results show that STATCOM can improve the dynamic performance of Jeju-Haenam HVDC system, such as load-change recovery performance and fault recovery performance.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.207-209
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• 2005

현재 고정원에서 상용화 촉매로서 사용되는 V$_{2}$O$_{5}$/TiO$_{2}$계 촉매는 고온 영역에서 최적 활성반응을 보이나 NH$_{3}$의 산화반응으로 인해 NO$_{X}$의 제거효율을 낮추는 원인과 가열설비의 추가적인 설치에 따른 초기 투자비, 운전비용 상승 및 촉매 수명 단축 등의 경제적, 기술적인 문제점을 나타내고 있다. 본 연구에서는 저온 영역에서 높은 활성반응을 나타내는 촉매기술의 SCR적용시 배출가스 온도의 100$^{\circ}C$ 감소에 따른 동력비의 절감과 촉매 수명 연장, 경제적, 기술적인 문제점을 해결할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2005.07a
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• pp.366-369
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• 2005

The smelting system using induction heating technology has many advantages over conventional fossil fuel regarding energy efficiency, environmental aspect and so on. This paper introduces the principal and technical trends of Induction heating technology, and describes recently developed 2500kW induction smelting inverter, The developed inverter is a series resonant type using high speed Thyristor (SCR) and employs state-of-art digital controller using DSP.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.461-464
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• 2005

Recently, a variety of confidence measures for utterance verification has been studied to improve speech recognition performance by rejecting out-of-vocabulary inputs. Most of the conventional confidence measures for utterance verification are based primarily on hypothesis testing or an approximated posterior probability, and their performances depend on the robustness of an alternative hypothesis or the prior probability. We introduce a novel confidence measure called a search confusion rate (SCR), which does not require an alternative hypothesis or the approximation of posterior probability. Our confusion-based approach shows better performance in additive noise-corrupted speech as well as in clean speech.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.27 no.9
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• pp.970-977
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• 2005

The commercial $V_2O_5-WO_3/TiO_2$ catalysts which had been exposed to the off gas from incinerator for a long time were remanufactured by washing with distilled water and arid solution and reimpregnation with catalytic active components($V_2O_5-WO_3$). The catalytic properties and NOx conversion reactivity of those catalysts were examined by analysis equipment and NOx conversion experiment. Under the experimental condition used in this study, the remanufactured catalysts activated by distilled water ultra sonic cleaning, the catalytic activity was recovered in the range of $66{\sim}93%$ of that of the fresh and the maximum activity was showed when the ultra sonic cleaning time was more than 3 minutes. The remanufactured catalysts by acid solution ultra sonic cleaning, the catalytic activity was recovered in the range of $81{\sim}97%$ of that of the fresh catalyst and the maximum catalytic activity was shooed when the pH of the acid solution was 5. The remanufactured catalysts by reimpregnation with $V_2O_5$ and $WO_3$, the catalytic activity was recovered in the range of $87{\sim}100%$ of that of the fresh catalyst. Maximum catalytic activity was showed when the $V_2O_5$ was reimpregnated more than 1.0 wt %. In this case, the catalytic activity was recovered 97% of that of the fresh catalyst especially at the $150^{\circ}C$ of the experimental temperature.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2005.07a
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• pp.178-179
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• 2005

ESD(Electrostatic Discharge) 보호에 응용되는 소자는 ESD가 발생했을 때, 빠르게 턴-온되어 외부로부터 EOS(Electric OverStress)를 차단함으로서 집적회로 내부의 코어를 보호해 주어야 한다. 이러한 기능에 충실한 LVTSCR(Low-Voltage Silicon Controlled Rectifier)은 트리거링 전압을 기존의 SCR보다 낮추어 ESD에 대해 민감한 반응을 할 수 있도록 개선한 소자이다. 그러나 트리거링 전압을 낮추면서 래치업 전압 또한 낮아지는 특성이 trade-off 관계로 맞물려 있어, LVTSCR의 단점인 낮은 래치업 전압을 효과적으로 다루는 것이 큰 이슈가 되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 LVTSCR의 ESD 보호에 대한 응용시 발생 가능한 래치업을 차폐하는 회로적 방법을 제시하였다. 제시된 새로운 구조의 차폐회로는 LVTSCR에서 래치업이 발생했을 때, 천이 전류를 감지하여 래치업이 발생되는 소자에 대한 전원을 스스로 차폐시켜 래치업에 대한 안정성을 시뮬레이션으로 검증하였다.