• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.37 no.8
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• pp.631-641
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• 2004

The objective of this study is to test the applicability of SLURP (Semi-distributed Land Use-based Runoff Process) on Soyanggang-dam watershed. SLURP model is a conceptual semi-distributed form model that can be used to examine irrigation plan and the effects of proposed changes in water management within a basin or to see what effects external factors such as climate change or changing land cover might have on various water users. Topographical parameters were derived from DEM using TOPAZ and SLURPAZ. Monthly NDVIs were calculated from multi-temporal NOAA/AVHRR images during four years (1998 ∼ 2001). Weather elements (dew-point temperature, solar radiation, maximum/minimum temperature and relative humidify) were obtained from five meteorological stations within and near the study area. To simulate daily hydrograph during 1998 ∼ 2001, the model parameters of each land cover class were optimized by sensitivity analysis and SCE-UA method. Test result of SLURP was summarized by various statistics method (WMO volume error, Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency, mean error and coefficient of variation).

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.15-27
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• 2012

SWMM (Storm Water Management Model) has been widely used in the world as a typical model for flood runoff analysis of urban areas. However, the calibration of the model is difficult, which is an obstacle to easy application. The purpose of the study is to develop an automatic calibration module of the SWMM linked with SCE-UA (Shuffled Complex Evolution-University of Arizona) algorithm. Generally, various objective functions may produce different optimization results for an optimization problem. Thus, five single objective functions were applied and the most appropriate one was selected. In addition to the objective function, another objective function was used to reduce peak flow error in flood simulation. They form a multiple objective function, and the optimization problem was solved by determination of Pareto optima. The automatic calibration module was applied to the flood simulation on the catchment of the Guro 1 detention reservoir and pump station. The automatic calibration results by the multiple objective function were more excellent than the results by the single objective function for model assessment criteria including error of peak flow and ratio of volume between observed and calculated flow. Also, the verification results of the model calibrated by the multiple objective function were reliable. The program could be used in various flood runoff analysis in urban areas.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.991-995
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• 2009

최근 기후변화 등으로 우리나라의 경우 강수일수는 감소한 반면 집중호우의 발생빈도는 증가하고 있다. 실제 가뭄과홍수와 같은 극치사상의 피해가 증가될 가능성과 이러한 재해로부터 인명 및 재산을 보호하고 효율적인 수자원 활용을 위해서는 장기간 강우-유출과정의 정확한 해석이 필수적이다. 본 연구는 미호천 유역을 대상으로 장기유출을 모의하기 위해 개념적 강우유출모형을 적용하였다. 본 연구의 개념적 강우유출모형은 PDM(Probability Distributed Model)으로 유역을 한 개의 단위구역으로 사용한 집중형(lumped) 모형이고, 분포형 모형에 비하여 간단 (parsimonious)하며 영국의 수자원 및 홍수 관리 목적으로 널리 사용되고 있다. 모형의 검정은 MC(Monte Carlo) 방법과 SCE-UA(Shuffled Complex Evolution-University of Arizona) 방법을 적용하였으며, NSE(Nash Sutcliffe Efficiency) 목적함수를 사용하여 모형의 성능을 검토하였다. 그 결과, MC 방법과 SCE-UA 방법 모두 NSE의 값 0.9 이상으로 만족할 만한 모의성능을 나타내었다. 분포형 모형에 비하여 적은 수문자료 및 검정변수를 갖는 PDM 모형을 수문자료의 취득이 용이하지 않은 중 소규모 유역에 적용하여 모형의 검정 및 유량산정에 있어 우수함을 확인하였다. 이에 우리나라 전역에 걸쳐 다양한 유역을 대상으로 PDM 모형의 검토가 요구되고, 향후 우리나라의 홍수량 산정 및 수자원 관리에 적용될 수 있다고 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2004.05b
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• pp.1142-1146
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• 2004

The objective of this study is to the test applicability of SLURP on Soyanggang-dam watershed. The area of this watershed is $2,694km^2$ and mean elevation and slope is 650 m and $23^{\circ}$ respectively. Topographical parameters were derived from DEM using TOPAZ and SLURPAZ. NDVI was calculated from multi-temporal NOAA/AVHRR images. The daily meteorological data and hydrograph during $1999\~2001$ were selected for model calibration and performance tests. Weather elements (dew-point temperature, solar radiation, maximum and minimum temperature, relative humidity) were required from the S meteorological stations near the study area. The model parameters of each land cover class were optimized by sensitivity analysis and SCE-UA method. Runoff rate shows $49.33\%\~64.06\%$. Simulated results during 4 years were estimated by Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency and WMO volume error. Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency shows $0.61\~0.75$ and WMO volume error shows $6.1\%-18.8\%$.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.34-34
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• 2017

유역에 대한 유출해석은 지속가능한 수자원 관리 및 수재해 예방을 위한 가장 기본적이지만 중요한 과제이며, 우리나라와 같이 홍수와 가뭄의 재해에 의해 많은 영향을 받는 지역에서는 더욱 중요한 문제로 이러한 유출현상을 물리적으로 표현하기 위해 다양한 모형들을 활용하여 강우-유출해석을 수행하게 된다. 모형을 통한 유출해석에 있어 매개변수 추정은 유출해석 결과에 지대한 영향을 주기에 최적 매개변수를 추정하는 것은 예측결과의 성능 향상에 매우 중요한 사항이며 보다 효율적인 매개변수의 추정을 위해 추정방법간의 비교 및 검토를 통해 적용성을 판단하는 과정이 필요하다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 개념적 집중형 수문모형의 매개변수 보정을 위해 오프라인과 온라인의 매개변수 자동보정기법을 이용하여 매개변수를 추정하였으며, 기법별로 추정된 매개변수를 이용한 수문해석 결과의 비교 검토를 통해 각 기법의 장 단점 분석 및 적용성 평가를 수행하였다. 연구대상지역으로 용담댐 상류 천천 유역을 선정하고, 강우유출 모의를 위해 저류함수모형을 선정하였으며, 매개변수 보정을 위한 자동보정기법으로 오프라인 방법으로는 SCE-UA, 온라인 방법으로는 PF 기법을 선정하여 적용하였으며, 총 9개의 강우사상에 대해 강우-유출 모의를 수행하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 강우-유출해석을 위한 사용자의 목적에 맞는 매개변수 자동보정기법의 선정에 있어 유용할 것으로 판단되며, 시간단계 또는 사상별 최적화된 매개변수를 유역에 대한 최적 매개변수로 변환 또는 전이하기 위한 연구가 추가적으로 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.423-423
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• 2017

수자원 계획 수립이나 관리를 위한 강우-유출 현상 해석에는 장기 유출 모형이 이용된다. 장기 유출 모형은 모형의 보정 과정이 요구되며, 유역별로 특성이 다르기 때문에 유역에 적합하게 매개변수를 보정하여야 한다. 모형의 매개변수를 추정하기 위해서는 주로 연속된 실측 유량자료가 필요하다. 하지만 일부 측정망에서는 일별 유출량 자료가 아닌 불연속적인 유량자료만을 획득할 수 있으며, 이러한 불연속적인 유량자료의 매개변수 보정의 적용에 관한 연구는 다소 미흡하게 진행되어 왔다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 수정 3단 TANK 모형을 대상으로 불연속적인 유량 자료를 이용하여 매개변수 최적화를 수행하고 모의결과를 비교 분석하여 성능을 평가하고자 한다. 유량자료는 국토교통부에서 측정하는 일별 유량자료를 이용하여 2일, 4일, 6일 8일, 10일, 15일 간격의 자료를 생성하여 적용하였으며, 최적화 기법으로는 SCE-UA(Shuffled Complex Evolution method developed at University of Arizona) 기법을 이용하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 수문 측정망의 운영에 있어 효율적 측정 주기 설정과 총량측정망 유량자료와 같은 불연속적 유량자료의 장기유출모형 최적화에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.21 no.spc
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• pp.90-97
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• 2019

In recent years, flood due to the consecutive storm events have been occurred and property damage and casualties are in increasing trend. This study calls the consecutively occurred storm events as a mega rainfall scenario and the discharge by the scenario is defined as a mega flood discharge. A mega rainfall scenario was created on the assumption that 100-year frequency rainfall events were consecutively occurred in the Gyeongancheon stream basin. The SSARR (Streamflow Synthesis and Reservoir Regulation) model was used to estimate the mega flood discharge using the scenario in the basin. In addition, in order to perform more reasonable runoff analysis, the parameters were estimated using the SCE_UA algorithm. Also, the calibration and verification were performed using the objective functions of the weighted sum of squared of residual(WSSR), which is advantageous for the peak discharge simulation and sum of squared of residual(SSR). As a result, the mega flood discharge due to the continuous occurrence of 100-year frequency rainfall events in the Gyeongan Stream Basin was estimated to be 4,802㎥/s, and the flood discharge due to the 100-year frequency single rainfall event estimated by "the Master Plan for the Gyeongancheon Stream Improvement" (2011) was 3,810㎥/s. Therefore, the mega flood discharge was found to increase about 992㎥/s more than the single flood event. The results of this study can be used as a basic data for Comprehensive Flood Control Plan of the Gyeongan Stream basin.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.47 no.10
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• pp.921-934
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• 2014

The purpose of the study is to derive a long term reservoir operation method that is easy to understand and apply to practical use for dam operators. The zone based operation rule is a simple method to make operation decisions by criteria corresponding to storage zones. The reservoir storage levels dividing a reservoir, however, must be determined by some methods. We developed a reservoir operation model based on the zone based operation rule and the shuffled complex evolution algorithm (SCE-UA) was used to determine storage levels for zone division. The model was applied to Angat Dam in the Philippines that has trouble in water supply due to imbalance between supply and demand. We derived a zone based operation rule for Angat Dam and applied it to the reservoir simulation of Angat Dam using the historical inflow. The simulation results showed water supply deficit and power generation were improved by 34.5% and 21.2%, respectively, when compared with the historical records. The current study results may be used to derive a long term reservoir operation rule.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.36-51
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• 2012

The demand for a climatological dataset with a regular spaced grid is increasing in diverse fields such as ecological and hydrological modeling as well as regional climate impact studies. PRISM(Precipitation-Elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model) is a useful method to estimate high-altitude precipitation. However, it is not well discussed over the optimization of PRISM parameters and DEM(Digital Elevation Model) resolution in South Korea. This study developed the PRISM and then optimized parameters of the model and DEM resolution for producing a gridded annual average precipitation data of South Korea with 1km spatial resolution during the period 2000-2005. SCE-UA (Shuffled Complex Evolution-University of Arizona) method employed for the optimization. In addition, sensitivity analysis investigates the change in the model output with respect to the parameter and the DEM spatial resolution variations. The study result shows that maximum radius within which station search will be conducted is 67km. Minimum radius within which all stations are included is 31km. Minimum number of stations required for cell precipitation and elevation regression calculation is four. Optimizing DEM resolution is $1{\times}1km$. This study also shows that the PRISM output very sensitive to DEM spatial resolution variations. This study contributes to improving the accuracy of PRISM technique as it applies to South Korea.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.45 no.12
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• pp.1213-1226
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• 2012

Evolutionary algorithms, which are frequently used in an automatic calibration of watershed runoff simulation models, are unconstrained optimization algorithms. An additional method is required to impose constraints on those algorithms. The purpose of the study is to modify the SCE-UA (shuffled complex evolution-University of Arizona) to impose constraints by a penalty function and to improve performance of the automatic calibration module of the SWMM (storm water management model) linked with the SCE-UA. As indicators related to peak flow are important in watershed runoff event simulation, error of peak flow and error of peak flow occurrence time are selected to set up constraints. The automatic calibration module including the constraints was applied to the Milyang Dam Basin and the Guro 1 Pumping Station Basin. The automatic calibration results were compared with the results calibrated by an automatic calibration without the constraints. Error of peak flow and error of peak flow occurrence time were greatly improved and the original objective function value is not highly violated in the automatic calibration including the constraints. The automatic calibration model with constraints was also verified, and the results was excellent. In conclusion, the performance of the automatic calibration module for watershed runoff event simulation was improved by application of the penalty function to impose constraints.