• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.11-26
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• 2013

무선 인터넷에서 IPSec의 사용은 제한이 많다. MIPv4 IPSec 경로는 동적 무선링크를 포함하지 못한다. 즉 무선 인터넷의 IPSec은 Host-to-Host 경로 전체를 보호할 수 없다. 또한 무선 환경은 고정경로가 유지될 시간을 줄이지만 IPSec SA 합의를 위한 IKE의 지연시간은 상대적으로 길고, IPSec PKI 보안의 인증서 관리는 수행부담이 크다. 이는 무선 인터넷에서 IPSec 사용은 매우 불리하다는 의미이다. 본 논문은 무선링크까지 보호하는 Host-to-Host Transport Mode를 제공하면서 성능이 우수한 WP-IBE 보호방식을 적용하여 무선 인터넷에 유리한 Mobile IPSec을 구축하는 것이 목표이다. 이를 위해 Mobile IPSec은 무선링크를 포함하는 동적경로에 대한 라우팅이 필요하다. FA (Foreign Agent) Forwarding 방안은 동적으로 변경되는 경로를 FA가 확장하는 라우팅 방안이다. FA Forwarding을 위한 FA IPSec SA는 Source Routing 기반 Bind Update를 통해서 동적경로 변경 정보로 갱신된다. IPSec의 수행성능을 높이기 위해 효율적이고 강력한 차세대 Identity Based Weil Pairing (WP) Bilinear Elliptic Curve Cryptography인 WP IBE 방식을 적용했다. 본 논문은 WP-IBE방식의 6개 암호 관련 알고리즘을 Mobile IPSec에 적용하는 변형 프로토콜을 제안하였다. 특별히 이 알고리즘을 ESP Datagram 구성에 적용하는 프로토콜에 집중하였다.

• 한국정보보호학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보보호학회 1994년도 종합학술발표회논문집
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• pp.233-244
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• 1994

개방형 시스템에서 사용자에게 안전성 및 신뢰성을 보증하기 위하여 정보 보호가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 트랜스포트 계층에서 보호 서비스를 제공하기 위하여 ISO와 IEC에서 표준으로 권고하고 있는 TLSP와 SA-P를 분석하고, 표준에서는 정의하지 않았으나 구현상 필요한 세부 사항들을 정의한다. 그리고 구현 모델을 제시하고 이에 기초하여 보호 시스템을 개발한다. 개발을 위한 환경으로는 USL의 ONP를 사용한다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.53-58
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• 1997

$[Lys^7$]dermorphin, abbreviated K7DA, which has structural features similar to a metabolically stable $\mu$-opioid peptide agonist $[D-Arg^2, Lys^4$]dermorphin analogue (DALDA), but is intrinsically more potent with respect to binding to the $\mu$-opioid peptide receptor. The present studies report on attempts to enhance brain uptake of systemically administered K7DA by conjugation to a complex of streptavidin (SA) and the OX26 murine monoclonal antibody to the rat transferrin receptor, which undergoes receptor-mediated transcytosis through the blood-brain barrier (BBB). SA-OX26 conjugate mediates BBB transport of biotinylated therapeutics. The K7DA is monobiotinylated at the $\varepsilon$-amino group of the $[Lys^7$] residue with cleavable linker using NHS-SS-biotin. The brain uptake of $^{125}I$ labeled biotinylated K7DA ($^{125}I$-bio-SSa-K7DA) was very small and rapidly metabolized after intravenous injection. The brain uptake, expressed as percent of injected dose delivered per gram of brain, of the $^{125}I$-bio-55-K7DA bound to the SA-OX26 conjugate $^{125}I$-bio-SS-K7DA/SA-OX26) was 0.14$\pm$0.01, a level that is 2-fold greater than the brain uptake of morphine. The cleavability of the disulfide linker in vivo in rat plasma and brain was assessed with gel filtration HPLC and intravenous injection of labeled opioid chimeric peptides. The disulfide linker is stable in plasma in vivo but is cleaved in rat brain in vivo. In conclusion, these studies show that delivery of these potential opioid peptides to the brain may be improved by coupling them to vector-mediated BBB drug delivery system.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.199-212
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• 1983

The inhibition/influences of adenine compounds on the heart have been described repeatedly by many investigators, since the first report by Druny and Szent-Gyorgyi [1929]. These studies have shown that adenosine and adenine nucleotides have an over-all effect similar to that of acetylcholine [ACh] by slowing and weakening the heartbeat. The basic cellular and membrane events underlying the inhibitory action of adenosine on sinus rate, however, are not well understood. Furthermore, the physiological role of adenosine in regulation of the heartbeat remains still to be elucidated. Therefore, this study was undertaken in order to examine the response of rabbit SA node to adenosine and to compare the response to that of ACh. Isolated SA node preparation, whole atrial pair, or left atrlal strip was used in each experiment. Action potentials of SA node were recorded through the intracellular glass microelectrodes, which were filled with 3M KCI and had resistance of 30-50 M. All experiments were performed in a bicarbonate-buffered Tyrode solution which was aerated with 3% $CO_2-97%$ $O_2$ gas mixture and kept at $35^{\circ}C$. Spontaneous firing rate of SA node at 35C [Mean + SEM, n=16] was 154 + 3.3 beats/min. The parameters of action potentials were: maximum astolic potential [MDP], -731.7mV: overshoot [OS], 9 + 1.4mV; slope of pacemaker potential [SPP], 94 3.0mV/sec.Adenosine suppressed the firing rate of SA node in a dose dependent manner. This inhibitory effect appeared at the concentration of $10^{-6}M$ and was potentiated in parallel with the increase in adenosine concentration. Changes in action potential by adenosine were dose-dependent increase of MDP and decrease of SPP until $10^{-4}$. Above this concentration, however, the amplitude of action potential decreased markedly due to the simultaneous decrease of both MDP and OS. All these effects of adenosine were not affected by pretreatment of atropine [2mg/l] and propranolol [$5{\times}10^{-6}M$]. ACh [$10^{-6}M$] responses on action potential were similar to those of adenosine by increasing MDP and decreasing SPP. These effects of ACh disappeared by pretreatment of atropine [2mg/1]. Inhibition/effects of adenosine and ACh on sinus rate were enhanced synergistically with the simultaneous administration of adenosine and ACh. Marked decrease of overshoot potential was the most prominent feature on action potential. Dipyridamole [DPM], which is known to block the adenosine transport across cell membrane, definitely potentiated the action of adenosine . Adenosine suppressed the sinus rate and atrial contractility in the same dosage range, even in the reserpinized preparation. Above` results suggest that adenosine suppresses pacemaker activity, like ACh, by acting directly on the membrane of SA node, increasing MDP and decreasing SPP.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.471-479
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• 2009

A Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron(NZVI) was modified to build a reactor system to treat nitrate. Shell layer of the NZVI was modified by slow exposure of the iron surface to air flow, which produced NZVI particles that are resistant to aerial oxidation. A XANES (X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Structure) analysis revealed that the shell consists of magnetite ($Fe_3O_4$) dominantly. The shell-modified NZVI(0.5 g NZVI/ 120 mL) was able to degrade more than 95% of 30 mg/L of nitrate within $30 hr^{-1}$ ( pseudo first-order rate constant($k_{SA}$) normalzed to NZVI surface area ($17.96m^2/g$) : $0.0050L{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}hr^{-1}$). Ammonia occupied about 90% of degradation products of nitrate. Nitrate degradation efficiencies increased with the increase of NZVI dose generally. Initial pH values of the reactor systems at 4, 7, and 10 did not affect nitrate removal rate and final pH values of all experiments were near 12. Nitrate removal experiments by using the shell-modified NZVI immobilized on a cellulose acetate (CA) membrane were also conducted. The nitrate removal efficiency of the CA membrane supported NZVI ($k_{SA}=0.0036L{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}hr^{-1}$) was less than that of the NZVI slurries($k_{SA}=0.0050L{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}hr^{-1}$), which is probably due to less surface area available for reduction and to kinetic retardation by nitrate transport through the CA membrane. The detachment of the NZVI from the CA membrane was minimal and impregnation of up to 1 g of NZVI onto 1 g of the CA membrane was found feasible.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.54-60
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• 2012

Transition prediction results are validated with experimental data obtained from a transonic wind tunnel for the KU109C airfoil. A Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes code is simultaneously coupled with the transition transport model of Langtry and Menter and applied to the numerical prediction of aerodynamic performance of the KU109C airfoil. Drag coefficients from the experiment are better correlated to the numerical prediction results using a transition transport model rather than the fully turbulent simulation results. Maximum lift coefficient and drag divergence at the zero-lift condition with Mach number are investigated. Through the present validation procedure, the accuracy and usefulness of both the experiment and the numerical prediction are assessed.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부 C
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• pp.984-986
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• 1999

In the case of immobilizing of glucose oxidase in organic polymer using electrosynthesis, the glucose oxidase obstructs charge transfer and mass transport during the film growth. This may lead to short chained polymer and make charge-coupling weak between the glucose oxidase and the backbone of the polymer. That is mainly due to insulating property and net chain of the glucose oxidase. Such being the case, it is useless to increase in amount of glucose oxidase more than reasonable in the synthetic solution. We establish by means of qualitative analysis that amount of immobilized glucose oxidase can be improved by adding a hole ethyl alcohol in the synthetic solution. As ethyl alcohol was added by 0.1mol $dm^{-3}$ in the synthetic solution, the faradic impedance of resultant electrode was increased about five times as much as the case of ethyl alcohol free in the solution, and mass transport was limited more than over. That is due to insulating property and net chain of the glucose oxidase. Moreover, in ultraviolet spectra of the synthetic solution, the adsorption peak at 285nm corresponding to glucose oxidase was decreased. It suggests increase in amount of immobilized glucose oxidase.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.24-37
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 통합 멀티미디어 스트리밍 프레임워크(Integrated Streaming Service Architecture : ISSA)의 주요 모듈인 전송 및 세션 관리자의 구현에 대한 개발 경험을 소개한다. ISSA는 유니캐스팅/멀티캐스팅 환경의 VOD 시스템과 실시간 방송시스템(라이브캐스팅)과 같은 통합 멀티미디어 스트리밍 서비스 응용을 개발하기 위한 스트리밍 프레임워크이며 RTP/RTCP, RTSP 등의 표준 실시간 전송 프로토콜을 사용함으로써 사용자에게 범용성을 제공한다. ISSA는 다양한 형태의 미디어를 지원하며, 이기종 운영체제와 네트워크에 독립적으며, 실시간 멀티미디어 데이타베이스와 연동하여 사용자에게 데이타베이스 서비스를 제공할 수 있다. 전송 관리자는 ISSA에서 다양한 형식의 멀티미디어 데이타를 알맞게 분해, 조립하는 기능과 패킷화된 미디어 데이타를 실시간으로 전달하는 역할을 수행하며 RTP 프로토콜을 이용하여 구현되었다. 세션 관리자는 미디어 채널의 생성과 제어를 담당하는 기능과 멀티미디어 데이타베이스를 위한 트랜잭션 전송기능을 담당하는 기능을 제공하여 각각 RTSP와 RTTP 프로토콜을 이용하여 구현되었다. 전송관리자와 세션 관리자는 네트워크 인터페이스를 통해 송수신 기능을 수행함으로써 다양한 네트워크 프로그래밍 인터페이스를 지원할 수 있는 유연한 구조를 지니고 있다.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2010

Aerodynamic design optimization of rotor airfoil has been performed with advanced design method for improved aerodynamic characteristics of ONERA airfoils. A multiple response surface method is used to consider various requirements in rotor airfoil design. Shape functions for mean camber line are proposed to extend possible design domain. Numerical simulations are performed using KFLOW, a Navier-Stokes solver with shear stress transport turbulence model. The present design method provides favorable configurations for the high performance rotor airfoil. Resulting optimized airfoils give better aerodynamic performance than the baseline airfoils.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 정기총회 및 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1171-1176
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• 2011

According to the 'Rules on the Safety Standard of Railroad Facilities', the 'Detailed Safety Standards of Railroad Facilities' and 'the Standards for Railroad Design' unified of MLTM(Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs), the risk analysis on the application of fire safety facilities should be quantitatively performed to ensure the safety in tunnels over 1km long. This paper aims at proposal of basic data for the safety facilities' planning with reasonable and appropriate scale through case studies on different model tunnels.