• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.40-46
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• 2004

This paper is concerned with the numerical analyses of an S-shaped duct for the inter-channel between compressor spools. For the compactness and lightweight of an engine, the length of the S-shaped duct is desired to be minimized. Shortening the S-shaped duct, however, flow separation is likely to occur. Numerical investigation using a three-dimensional Navier-Stokes flow solver was performed to determine the availability of the minimization of an S-shaped duct. Computations were performed introducing the experimental data as the inlet flow condition of the OGV in determining the minimum length of the S-shaped duct. Also, the leaning effect of the OGV which assists the flow to turn radially inward was studied adopting mixing-plane method to consider the rotor/OGV interaction.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 유체기계공업학회 2003년도 유체기계 연구개발 발표회 논문집
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• pp.621-626
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• 2003

This paper is concerned with the numerical analyses of an S-shaped duct for the inter-channel between compressor spools. For the compactness and lightweight of an engine, the length of the S-shaped duct is desired to be minimized. Shortening the S-shaped duct however, flow separation is likely to occur. Numerical investigation using a three-dimensional Navier-Stokes flow solver has been performed to determine the availability of the minimization of an S-shaped duct. Computations are performed introducing the experimental data as the inlet flow condition of the OGV in determining the minimum length of the S-shaped duct. Also, the leaning effect of the OGV which assists the flow to turn radially inward are studied adopting mixing-plane method to consider the rotor/OGV interaction.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.113-130
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• 1998

This is a study on the ㄱ-shaped church in Korean Protestant churches. Since the Protestantism had been introduced into Korea, the style of ㄱ-shaped church was the popular style that have been fashioned in all the country of Korea. When the Protestantism was introduced into Korea, ideology which ruled over the Society of Chosun Dynasty was the Confucianism that emphasized the precepts, for example, the loyalty for the King, distinction between the sexes and so on. The Korean Protestants built the church which had ㄱ-shaped plan, so that they solved the second problem : 'distinction between the sexes'. The style of the ㄱ-shaped church is one of the characteristics which distinguish the Korean church from other nations'. Actually the ㄱ-shaped churches had been built by Korean Protestant denominations, from the early days of introducing the Protestantism till the end of 1920's. Even though most of the style of the ㄱ-shaped church is replaced with the modern style according to the extension of religious influence, luckily the ㄱ-shaped two churches : Kumsan Church(1908), Toodong Church(1929) are in existence in the Provice of ChonBuk. The purpose of this study is to make the architectural characteristics of the ㄱ-shaped church clear. This study is based on the actual survey of the ㄱ-shaped churches in existence: Kumsan Church, the Toodong Church and on the documents, photographs, interviews and so on for investigation not existing one now. The ㄱ-shaped church have the plan to separate men's side from women's with a right angle and have a pulpit which was placed at the meeting point of the front part of men's and women's sides. Generally, seen from the court, the churches have men's side in left and women's one in right. There was a screen blocking both sides in the church. But it disappeared in 1920's according to the change of the social conventionality. Most of its structural form is the Korean wooden style. The ㄱ-shaped church appeared in a transition period of the Korean church architecture.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.360-366
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• 2023

Increased tortuosity of vessel is associated with high incidence of plaque formation leading to atherosclerosis. Surgical procedures are done after analyzing morphology of middle cerebral artery (MCA). However, literature describing MCA morphology using computed tomography angiography (CTA) is limited, so this study was planned to determine its incidence in Indian population. Datasets of CTA from 289 patients (180 males and 109 females), average age: 49.29±16.16 years (range: 11 to 85 years), from a tertiary care hospital were systematically reviewed for morphology of MCA. Cases involving aneurysms and infarcts were excluded. Four shapes of MCA were recognized: straight, U, inverted U, and S-shaped. MCA was straight in 44% (254/578), U-shaped in 37% (215/578), S shaped in 15% (89/578) and inverted U-shaped in 3% (20/578) cases. In males, MCA was straight in 46% (166/360), U-shaped in 37% (134/360), S-shaped in 16% (58/360) and inverted U-shaped in 4% (14/360) cases. In females, MCA was straight in 42% cases (92/218), U-shaped in 37% (81/218), S-shaped in 17% (36/218) and inverted U-shaped in 4% (9/218). On comparing shape with various age groups using chi square test, U shaped (P≤0.001) and S-shaped (P=0.003) MCA were found to be statistically significant. The incidence of straight shape was higher in advanced age group (>60 years). Knowledge of MCA shape will be useful for clinicians and surgeons in successful endovascular recanalization. Also, this data would help surgeons during neurointerventional procedures.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.7-24
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• 2009

This stydy investigates H-shaped houses in 1930s and examines the characters and meanigs of Kim, Jong-Ryang's H-shaped houses as a new trial to urban Hanok of those days. He, who was concerned about the housing problem of Seoul, made an attempt to make various types of dwellings. Among them, this study focuses on Japanese-Korean Style H-shaped houses in Samcheong-dong. As the alternative housing type against other urban Hanok of Seoul in 1930s, the H-shaped houses of Kim, Jong Ryang had characters as follows : 1) H-shaped houses has two special characters. First, the whole space of a single house can be divided into a left region and a right region. Second, it can be divided to a front region and a rear region. In his H-shaped houses, the left/right division was expressed as folding of space-layers in parallel with urban streets. The front/rear division was used as classification of main-living space and sub-living space. 2) KJR's H-shaped Japanese-Korean Style houses were proved to be designed as urban housing against the extreme housing shortage of Seoul in 1930s. 3) His houses however were not accepted broadly as a urban house type because the construction cost of those was higher than an average and the element of Japanese style house was not adapted to Korea. Kim, Jong-Ryang's trial is valuable because it was the rare case of realization of many discourses as defects of existing house type. With more rigorous investigations on KJR's experiment in modern house type, we could understand the housing condition of Seoul in 1930s and modern urban houses more than before.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.72-86
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• 2008

This research focused on determining the brassiere preference index and wearing status of chinese ladies in their 20's living in the Shanghai region of China, to help Korean lingerie companies in their development of bras to successfully advance into the Chinese lingerie market. The main research tool of this research was various different surveys, and the results of the surveys were evaluated using the SPSS 12.0 for Window program. The results of the survey can be summarized as: 1) consciousness and satisfaction level of the body. The satisfaction level of the brest was proportionate to the size of the brassiere, thus, people showed higher level of satisfaction for cone-shaped, semi-circular shaped, prominent-shaped(exposing), lifted-shaped brest over flat-shaped brest. Concerning the relationship between the shape of the brest and the age of the customers, people under 22 years of age preferred flat-shaped, and those between 23-24 years of age preferring exposing and lifted brest, thus as females mature and get older, the size of their brest increases, thus having preference on more circular and lifted-shaped brest and bras. 2) Status of bra wearing in China When we look at the size of the bra in relation to the shape of the brest, those classified as having 'flat-shaped' brest showed a high proportion of A-cups, ranging from 75A, 70A and 80A, where as those of 'cone-shaped' brest represented high ration of B-cups, ranging from 75B, 75A and 80B. Majority of those classified as having 'semi-circular shaped' and 'prominent-shaped(exposing)' brest showed a high ration in the size 80 range. And vast majority of those classified into the 'lifted-shaped' brest group, were reported of having C-cup size bras. 3) Status of Bra Purchasing As people mature, the main reason behind choosing a bra was the actual design of the bra, where they emphasized the importance of aesthetic values. People classified as having 'flat-shaped' and 'cone-shaped' brest emphasized the importance of design and beauty, while those having 'semi-circular shaped,' 'prominent-shaped(exposing),' and 'liftedshaped' brest groups emphasized the importance of hygiene and the material(fabric) of the bra. This shows that when people have relatively smaller brest, they emphasize the importance of external appearance whereas when the size of the brest increases, they pay more attention to the function of the bra rather than the external appearance.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2016년도 제50회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.351.2-351.2
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• 2016

Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have attracted much attention because of various advantages such as cost-effectiveness of synthesis, low toxicity, and photostability. The origins of photoluminescence (PL) in GQDs were suggested as the intrinsic states for localized sp2 carbon domains and the extrinsic states formed by oxygen-functional groups.[1,2] Nevertheless, it is still unclear to understand the information of electric band structure in GQD. Here, we observed excitation energy induced S-shaped PL behavior. The PL peak energy position shows an S-shaped shift (redshift-blueshift-redshift) as function of the excitation wavelengths. From various samples, we only observed S-shaped PL shift in the GQDs with both luminescent origins of intrinsic and extrinsic states. Therefore, this S-shaped PL shift is related to different weight of intrinsic and extrinsic states in PL spectrum depending on the excitation wavelengths. This would be the key result to understand the electric band structure of the GQDs and its derivatives.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.64-73
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• 1998

항공기용 엔진에는 압축기단들 사이에 스트럿을 포함하는 S자형 환형덕트가 존재하기도 한다. 이러한 엔진에서 S자형 덕트를 통과하는 유동은 볼록면과 오목면을 따라 가면서 가속과 감속이 이루어지고, 벽면에서의 경계층 성장으로 인해 유로폐쇄량이 증가한다. 이처럼 S자형 덕트의 영향으로 후방에 존재하는 압축기는 불균일한 축방향 속도분포에 따른 영향을 받게 된다. 따라서, 후방 압축기는 전방에 위치한 S자형 덕트의 영향을 충분히 고려하여 설계하여야 한다. S자형 덕트가 미치는 영향을 고려하여 설계된 원심압축기의 성능을 검증하고, S자형 덕트가 원심압축기 성능에 미치는 영향을 파악해보기 위해 압축기 입구에 S자형 환형덕트를 장착한 경우와 원통형 덕트를 장착한 경우에 대해 각각 성능시험을 수행하였다. 시험결과를 통해 입구에 S자형 덕트가 있는 경우에는 없는 경우보다 압축비 및 효율 등 압축기 성능이 저하되고, 쵸킹유량이 감소함을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 성능저하의 원인을 분석하기 위해 S자형 덕트를 포함하는 임펠러의 유동해석을 수행하였으며, 그 결과 성능저하의 원인은, S자형 덕트와 임펠러의 상호작용으로 설계시 예측했던 것보다 인듀서팁에서 상대마하수가 증가하였고, 영각이 감소하였기 때문임을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.23-39
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• 2011

Scythian Earrings in the Black Sea region had completely degenerated, stifled by motifs and shapes of Greek origin, retaining its representational realism and its full emotional vitality. The purpose of this study is to review and research the symbolic meaning and classifying the types of the Scythian Earrings style through the tombs bequests. The Scythian Earrings were divided into the styles according to the shape, Earring with Ends Shaped like animal's Heads, Boat-Shaped Earrings, Bird-Shaped Pendants earrings, Earrings with a Disc and a Pendant, Earrings Shaped like the Figures, Earring with the drop Pendant, Spiral Earrings. Earrings based on the boat shape enjoyed a long popularity among the Scythians. As that form became elaborated and combined with the disk-pendent, it reflected native rather than Asian or Hellenic tastes. Although Scythian earrings were produced based on the shapes of Greece earrings, they recreated these as Scythian unique style. In particular, the animal motive and the decoration have various changes. The exquisite earrings attest to the elegant taste and splendid wealth of the upper classes.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.59-71
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• 2011

As an exaggerated-shoulder becomes a growing trend women's clothing, the crescent shaped sleeve with parallel style lines in the arm hole is a highly used women's sleeve pattern. This study develops and provides an applicable method for making the crescent shaped power shoulder sleeve. An efficient basic method for making the 2 piece crescent shaped sleeve was developed and the sensory appearance test was carried out with experimental clothes. There are two principles for making the crescent shaped sleeve: having a style line in the sleeve and pasting part of the cut arm hole of the bodice to the sleeve. The latter would be more convenient for a 2 piece sleeve, mostly used for jackets. The crescent shaped sleeve used in power shoulder jackets should set the shoulder angle as you wish to extend and raise the shoulder point of the bodice and sleeve to the same height. For a stronger power shoulder image, a 3 piece sleeve has a better appearance. Also, the height of the shoulder has to be enhanced with a shoulder pad for a more stable sleeve.