• Title/Summary/Keyword: S-Mode 가이드라인

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A Study on RAMS Parameters in the Procurement Requirement for Rolling Stock (철도차량의 구매 요구사항에 포함되는 RAMS 특성값에 관한 연구)

  • Chung, In-Soo;Lee, Kang-Won;Kim, Jong-Woon
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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    • v.11 no.4
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    • pp.371-377
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    • 2008
  • As a railway is receiving attention as an environment-friendly transportation mode, many high speed, inter-city and urban railway are constructed and remodeled in the world. With this trend, railway RAMS was included in the international standard IEC 62278 in 2002. RAMS activity in domestic market is also increased with this international trend. However, IEC 62278 does not describe the methodology of substantial contents like how reliability target is set although it can be used as an overall guideline when RAMS requirements are included in the purchase specification. That is because RAMS requirements should be set with the specific railway condition. It is required to fully understand the meaning of railway RAMS parameters and apply those correspond to the specific railway system and environment condition especially when a quantitative RAMS requirement is set. In this study, the meaning and characteristics of RAMS parameters applicable to the development of quantitative RAMS requirement of rolling stock is described. And the basic concept of RAMS and the definition of failure that IEC 62278 describes is modified and suggested in order to make more suitable to the development of quantitative RAMS requirement.

Effects Characteristics of Mobile Information Service on Satisfaction and Reuse Intention (모바일관광정보서비스의 특성이 만족도와 재사용의도에 미치는 영향)

  • Choi, Hyun-Sik;Park, Jin-Woo
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.9 no.9
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    • pp.411-422
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    • 2009
  • The study seeks to explore essential factors that influence tourists' continual usage intentions to mobile tour information services. The variables such as characteristics of tour information service, accuracy, interactivity, context, ubiquitous connectivity, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use were adopted from previous research and the hypotheses were developed on the basis of Davis's Technology Acceptance Mode(TAM). The survey was conducted by users who have previously experienced mobile tourism information service. Structural equation modeling was used to Investigate the relationships between the factors. The results showed that interactivity, context, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use were found to have a positive impact on satisfaction. In particular, interactivity and context were found to be the most significant factors that influence reuse intentions. It suggests that increasing context and interactivity to make tourist trust about accuracy, ubiquitous connectivity is better than increasing perceived usefulness and perceived easiness. The identified factors that influence continual usage intentions on mobile services can be useful for analyzing the market trends and suggesting industrial guidelines of mobile services.

Guidelines for dental clinic infection prevention during COVID-19 pandemic (코로나 바이러스 대유행에 따른 치과 의료 관리 가이드라인)

  • Kim, Jin
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Dental Administration
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 2020
  • Dental settings have unique characteristics that warrant specific infection control considerations, including (1) prioritizing the most critical dental services and provide care in a way that minimizes harm to patients due to delayed care, or harm to personnel from potential exposure to persons infected with the COVID-19 disease, and (2) proactively communicate to both personnel and patients the need for them to stay at home if sick. For health care, an interim infection prevention and control recommendation (COVID-19) is recommended for patients suspected of having coronavirus or those whose status has been confirmed. SARS-CoV-2, which is the virus that causes COVID-19, is thought to be spread primarily between people who are in close contact with one another (within 6 feet) through respiratory droplets that are produced when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. Airborne transmission from person-to-person over long distances is unlikely. However, COVID-19 is a new disease, and there remain uncertainties about its mode of spreads and the severity of illness it causes. The virus has been shown to persist in aerosols for several hours, and on some surfaces for days under laboratory conditions. COVID-19 may also be spread by people who are asymptomatic. The practice of dentistry involves the use of rotary dental and surgical instruments, such as handpieces or ultrasonic scalers, and air-water syringes. These instruments create a visible spray that can contain particle droplets of water, saliva, blood, microorganisms, and other debris. While KF 94 masks protect the mucous membranes of the mouth and nose from droplet spatter, they do not provide complete protection against the inhalation of airborne infectious agents. If the patient is afebrile (temperature <100.4°F)* and otherwise without symptoms consistent with COVID-19, then dental care may be provided using appropriate engineering and administrative controls, work practices, and infection control considerations. It is necessary to provide supplies for respiratory hygiene and cough etiquette, including alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) with 60%~95% alcohol, tissues, and no-touch receptacles for disposal, at healthcare facility entrances, waiting rooms, and patient check-ins. There is also the need to install physical barriers (e.g., glass or plastic windows) in reception areas to limit close contact between triage personnel and potentially infectious patients. Ideally, dental treatment should be provided in individual rooms whenever possible, with a spacing of at least 6 feet between the patient chairs. Further, the use of easy-to-clean floor-to-ceiling barriers will enhance the effectiveness of portable HEPA air filtration systems. Before and after all patient contact, contact with potentially infectious material, and before putting on and after removing personal protective equipment, including gloves, hand hygiene after removal is particularly important to remove any pathogens that may have been transferred to the bare hands during the removal process. ABHR with 60~95% alcohol is to be used, or hands should be washed with soap and water for at least 20 s.

Establishment of Analytical Method for Dichlorprop Residues, a Plant Growth Regulator in Agricultural Commodities Using GC/ECD (GC/ECD를 이용한 농산물 중 생장조정제 dichlorprop 잔류 분석법 확립)

  • Lee, Sang-Mok;Kim, Jae-Young;Kim, Tae-Hoon;Lee, Han-Jin;Chang, Moon-Ik;Kim, Hee-Jeong;Cho, Yoon-Jae;Choi, Si-Won;Kim, Myung-Ae;Kim, MeeKyung;Rhee, Gyu-Seek;Lee, Sang-Jae
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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    • v.32 no.3
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    • pp.214-223
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    • 2013
  • BACKGROUND: This study focused on the development of an analytical method about dichlorprop (DCPP; 2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propionic acid) which is a plant growth regulator, a synthetic auxin for agricultural commodities. DCPP prevents falling of fruits during their growth periods. However, the overdose of DCPP caused the unwanted maturing time and reduce the safe storage period. If we take fruits with exceeding maximum residue limits, it could be harmful. Therefore, this study presented the analytical method of DCPP in agricultural commodities for the nation-wide pesticide residues monitoring program of the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. METHODS AND RESULTS: We adopted the analytical method for DCPP in agricultural commodities by gas chromatograph in cooperated with Electron Capture Detector(ECD). Sample extraction and purification by ion-associated partition method were applied, then quantitation was done by GC/ECD with DB-17, a moderate polarity column under the temperature-rising condition with nitrogen as a carrier gas and split-less mode. Standard calibration curve presented linearity with the correlation coefficient ($r^2$) > 0.9998, analysed from 0.1 to 2.0 mg/L concentration. Limit of quantitation in agricultural commodities represents 0.05 mg/kg, and average recoveries ranged from 78.8 to 102.2%. The repeatability of measurements expressed as coefficient of variation (CV %) was less than 9.5% in 0.05, 0.10, and 0.50 mg/kg. CONCLUSION(S): Our newly improved analytical method for DCPP residues in agricultural commodities was applicable to the nation-wide pesticide residues monitoring program with the acceptable level of sensitivity, repeatability and reproducibility.