• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.177-180
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• 2009

This study investigates the perception of different fabrics by consumers when provided with a video clip with rustling sounds of the fabric. We utilized sportswear products that are currently on the market and evaluated the emotional response of internet shoppers by measuring the physiological and psychological responses. Three kinds of vapor-permeable water-repellent fabric were selected to generate video clips each containing the fabric rustling sound and images of exercise activities wearing the sportswear made of the respective fabric. The new experimental website contained the video clips and was compared with the original website which served as a control. 30 subjects, who had experience to buy clothing online, took part in the physiological and psychological response to the video clip. Electroen-cephalography (EEG) was used to measure the physiological response while the psychological response consisted of evaluating accurate perception of the fabric, satisfaction, and consumer interest. When we offered video clips with fabric's rustling sound on the website, subjects answered they could get more accurate and rapid information to decide to purchase the products than otherwise they do the shopping without such information. However, such rustling sounds somewhat annoy customers, as proved psychological and physiological response. Our study is a critical step in evaluating the consumer's emotional response to sportswear fabric which will promote selling frequency, reduce the return rate and aid development of new sportswear fabric further evolution of the industry.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.620-629
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• 2013

This study examines the rustling sound characteristics of electrospun nanofiber web laminates according to layer structures. This study assesses mechanical properties and frictional sounds (such as SPL); in addition, Zwicker's psychoacoustic parameters (such as Loudness (Z), Sharpness (Z), Roughness (Z), and Fluctuation strength (Z)) were calculated using the Sound Quality Program (ver.3.2, B&K, Denmark). The result determined how to control these characteristics and minimize rustling sounds. A total of 3 specimens' frictional sound (generated at 0.63 m/s) was recorded using a Simulator for Frictional Sound of Fabrics (Korea Patent No. 10-2008-0105524) and SPLs were analyzed with a Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT). The mechanical properties of fabrics were measured with a KES-FB system. The SPL value of the sound spectrum showed 6.84~58.47dB at 0~17,500Hz. The SPL value was 61.2dB for the 2-layer PU nanofiber web laminates layered on densely woven PET(C1) and was the highest at 65.1dB for the 3-layer PU nanofiber web laminates (C3). Based on SPSS 18.0, it was shown that there is a correlation between mechanical properties and psychoacoustic characteristics. Tensile properties (LT), weight (T), and bending properties (2HB) showed a high correlation with psychoacoustic characteristics. Tensile linearity (LT) with Loudness (Z) showed a negative correlation coefficient; however, weight (T) with Sharpness (Z) and Roughness (Z), and bending hysteresis (2HB) with Roughness (Z) indicated positive correlation coefficients, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.24-29
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to classify apparel fabrics according to rustling sounds and to analyze their transformed colors and mechanical properties. The rustling sounds of apparel fabrics were recorded and then transformed into colors using Mori's color-transforming program. The specimens were clustered into five groups according to sound properties, and each group was named as 'Silky', 'Crispy', 'Paper-like', 'Worsted', and 'Flaxy', respectively. The Silky consisted of smooth and soft silk fabrics had the lowest value of LPT, $\Delta$f ARC, loudness(z) and sharpness(z). Their transformed colors showed lots of red portion and color counts. The Crispy with crepe fabrics showed relatively low loudness(z) and sharpness(z), but diverse colors and color counts were appeared. The Paper-like showed the highest value of LPT, $\Delta$f and loudness(z). The Worsted composed of wool and wool-like fabrics showed high values of LPT, $\Delta$f loudness(z) and sharpness(z). The transformed colors of the Paper-like and Worsted showed the blue mostly but color counts were less than the others. The Flaxy with rugged flax fabric had the highest fluctuation strength, and their transformed colors showed diversity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 1999.03a
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• pp.271-276
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• 1999

This study was carried out to investigate the relationship between sound color and physical propertiessuiting fabrics. Rustling sounds of 23 suiting fabrics by sound generator developed for this study were recorded and analysed through FFT analysis. Three sound color factor(ΔL Δf. LPT) were obtained.Physical properties of specimens were measured by KES-FB. Level range(L) showed significant correlation with tensile resilience(RT) and thickness (T). Frequency difference(Δf) showed significant correlation with tensile linearity(LT), shear properties(G, 2HG, 2HG5), compressional energy(WC), and weight(W). Total sound pressure (LPT) showed significant correlation with elongation at maximum load (EM), tensile linearity(LY), and tesile energy(WT). By stepwise regression LPT was found to be explained by EM, MIU, RC, LT significantly.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.199-203
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• 2003

In order to investigate the effects of cross-sectional shapes on the sound characteristics of polyester fibers, 10 specimens were woven into a twill structure made of round, hollow, triangular, u-shape, cruciform, and composite cross-sectional (▲/▲ ,()/▲, Y/Y) fibers. Their rustling sounds were recorded, and their sound spectra were obtained from FFT analysis. Physical sound parameters (LPT, ΔL, Δf) and Zwicker's psychoacoustic parameters of the loudness(Z), sharpness(Z), roughness(Z), and fluctuation strength(Z) were calculated from the sound spectra. According to noncircular cross-section fibers, the hollow shaped fiber had the highest value of LPT, ΔL, loudness(Z), and fluctuation strength(Z). The triangular shaped fiber had a lower value of LPT, ΔL, loudness(Z), and roughness(Z) than those of the round shaped fiber. Among composite cross-section fibers, C1(▲/▲) and C3 (Y/Y) had higher values of LPT, ΔL, Δf and loudness(Z) but C2(()/▲) had lower values. Also the LPT, ΔL, sharpness(Z), and roughness(Z) values of different denier were similar to each other, but the Δf and loudness(Z) values increased as the denier increased.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2002

This paper aimed to identify the sensation and the sensibility of transformed colors from the rustling sound of silk fabrics and to visualize the relationship between sensibilities and fabrics by two-dimensional model. The rustling sounds of 7 silk fabrics were recorded and then the recorded sounds were transformed into colors by the program of sound to color transformation. The sensation and the sensibility of transformed colors were evaluated by 30 participants with Likert scale and the physical properties of each specimen were obtained with red portion (RP), green portion (GP), blue portion (BP), and sum of color count (CC) by means of new equation. The adjectives of sensibility were grouped into three groups: Elegant, Active, and Tough. Elegant was related with RP positively and CC negatively. On the other hand, Active was related with GP and CC positively. Also Tough was highly related with RP. Furthermore, the fabrics that were estimated the high purchase preference showed high CC, RP and GP. Also two dimensional model of relation of the sensation and the sensibility could help to understand those relation.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.450-456
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• 2006

The objectives of this study were to investigate physiological and psychological responses to the rustling sound of Korean traditional silk fabrics and to figure out objective measurements such as sound parameters and mechanical properties determining the human responses. Five different traditional silk fabrics were selected by cluster analysis and their sound characteristics were observed in terms of FFT spectra and some calculated sound parameters including level pressure of total sound (LPT), Zwicker's psychoacoustic parameters - loudness(Z), sharpness(Z), roughness(Z), and fluctuation strength(Z), and sound color factors such as ${\Delta}L\;and\;{\Delta}f$. As physiological signals, the ratio of low frequency to high frequency (LF/HF) from the power spectrum of heart rate variability, pulse volume (PV), heart rate (HR), and skin conductance level (SCL) evoked by the fabric sounds were measured from thirty participants. Also, seven aspects of psychological state including softness, loudness, sharpness, roughness, clearness, highness, and pleasantness were evaluated when each sound was presented. The traditional silk fabric sounds were likely to be felt as soft and pleasant rather than clear and high, which seemed to evoke less change of both LF/HF and SCL indicating a negative sensation than other fabrics previously reported. As fluctuation strength(Z) were higher and bending rigidity (B) values lower, the fabrics tended to be perceived as sounding softer, which resulted in increase of PV changes. The higher LPT was concerned with higher rating for subjective loudness so that HR was more increased. Also, compression linearity (LC) affected subjective pleasantness positively, which caused less changes of HR. Therefore, we concluded that such objective measurements as LPT, fluctuation strength(Z), bending rigidity (B), and compression linearity (LC) were significant factors affecting physiological and psychological responses to the sounds of Korean traditional silk fabrics.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 1999.03a
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• pp.265-269
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• 1999

This study was carried out to evaluate human subjective sensation for fabric rustling sounds and predict the sensation with quantified sound color measurements and mechanical properties of fabrics. Thirty subjects at Virginia Tech were asked to evaluate seven sound sensation descriptors by semantic differential scale after hearing eight different fabric sounds. Sound measurements were quantified by calculating total sound pressure(LPT), level range(ΔL), and frequency difference (Δf). Mechanical properties of fabrics were measured by KES-FB. Subjective sensation for fabric sound showed significant differences among fabrics except clearness sensation. Subjective sensation predicted by sound measurements showed well fitted regression equation with ΔL and LPT> Sharpness, clearness, and highness were significantly released with mechanical properties of fabrics. All sensation was found to be predicted with sound measurements L:PT and Δf and mechanical properties such as LT, 2HG5, WC, T, and W.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.23-28
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to classify apparel fabrics according to rustling rounds and to analyze their transformed colors and mechanical properties. The rustling sounds of apparel fabrics were recorded and then transformed into colors using Mori's color-transforming program. The specimens were clustered into five groups according to sound properties, and each group was named as ‘Silky’,‘Crispy’,‘Paper-like’,‘Worsted’, and ‘Flaxy’, respectively. The Silky consisted of smooth and soft silk fabrics had the lowest value of LPT, $\Delta$f, ARC , loudness(B) and sharpness(z). Their transformed colors showed lots of red portion and color counts. The Crispy with crepe fabrics showed relatively low loudness(z) and sharpness(B), but diverse colors and color counts were appeared. The Paper-like showed the highest value of LPT, $\Delta$f and loudness(z). The Worsted composed of wool and wool-Like fabrics showed high values of LPT, $\Delta$f, loudness(z) and sharpness(B). The transformed rotors of the Paper-like and Worsted showed the blue mostly but color counts were less than the others. The Flaxy with rugged flax fabric had the highest fluctuation strength, and their transformed colors showed diversity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.11-11
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• 2004