• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.326-333
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• 2003

In the measurement using DMA and CPC in series, there is some time delay for particles classified in DMA to detect in CPC. During this time, the DMA time-response changes due to the velocity profile of sampling tube and the diffusion of particles in the volume that exists between the DMA exit and the detector of ultra-fine CPC. This is called mixing effect. In the accelerated measurement methods like the TSI -SMPS, the size distribution is obtained from the correlation between the time-varying electrical potential of the DMA and the corresponding particle concentrations sampled in DMA. If the DMA time -response changes during this delay time, this can cause the error of a size distribution measured by this accelerated technique. The kernel function considering this mixing effect using the residence time distribution is proposed by Russell et al. In this study, we obtained a size distribution using this kernel to compare to the result obtained by the commercial accelerated measurement system, TSI -SMPS for verification and considered the errors that result from the mixing effect with the geometric mean diameters of originally sampled particles, using virtually calculated responses obtained with this kernel as input data.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제87권2호
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• pp.179-187
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• 1998

본 연구는 미국 South Dakota주 Black Hi11s 지역의 관광 영향에 대한 지역 주민 태도와 관리 정보를 얻고자 실시되었다. 관광 영향에 대한 지역 주민 태도를 평가하기 위하여 중요도-성취도 분석방법이 이용되었다. 총 184매의 응답 자료가 연구에 이용되었다. 회수율은 340 중 184매로 54%였다. 대부분의 응답자들은 관광의 지역 경제 영향에 대하여는 높은 긍정적 태도를 갖고 있었으며, 관광의 환경 영향에 대해서는 뚜렷한 부정적 태도는 보이지 않았다. 관광 영향의 23개 인자 중 거주 기간, 소득과 같은 응답자들의 사회 경제적 특성에 따른 유의적 차이가 일부 발견되었다. 중요도-성취도 평가 결과 유용한 장래 관리의사 정보가 제시되었다.

• ALGAE
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.157-165
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• 2020

Culture isolates of the genus Hypoglossum (Delesseriaceae, Rhodophyta) were obtained and their development and morphological structure over many years were followed in the laboratory. Molecular data (rbcL, large subunit ribosomal DNA, and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I) were obtained from these strains and evidence presented to recognize the new species: Hypoglossum sabahense from Sabah, Malaysia. Because various aspects of morphology in culture specimens differ significantly from types based on field specimens we have to rely mainly on the molecular criteria in ascribing a new taxonomic name here. This also is complicated by the major lack of molecular phylogenetic evidence for Hypoglossum and other Delesseriaceae. The 'Germling Emergence Method' and 'serendipity' are proving valuable in discovering significant new taxa from laboratory cultures which otherwise might never be known.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.174-183
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• 2014

Purpose: A robust, efficient auto-grading computer vision system for meat carcasses is in high demand by researchers all over the world. In this paper, we discuss our study, in which we developed a system to speed up line processing and provide reliable results for pork grading, comparing the results of our algorithms with visual human subjectivity measurements. Methods: We differentiated fat and lean using an entropic correlation algorithm. We also developed a self-designed robust segmentation algorithm that successfully segmented several porkcut samples; this algorithm can help to eliminate the current issues associated with autothresholding. Results: In this study, we carefully considered the key step of autoextracting lean tissue. We introduced a self-proposed scheme and implemented it in over 200 pork-cut samples. The accuracy and computation time were acceptable, showing excellent potential for use in online commercial systems. Conclusions: This paper summarizes the main results reported in recent application studies, which include modifying and smoothing the lean area of pork-cut sections of commercial fresh pork by human experts for an auto-grading process. The developed algorithms were implemented in a prototype mobile processing unit, which can be implemented at the pork processing site.

• 논리연구
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-32
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• 2014

"논리-철학 논고"의 5.52와 5.521은 여러 의문들을 불러일으킨다. 이 글에서 나는 이러한 의문들에 대해 대답하면서 비트겐슈타인의 일반성 개념을 해명하고자 한다. 이러한 의문들과 문제들은 서로 긴밀하게 얽혀 있다. 나는 다음을 보이고자 노력할 것이다. "논리-철학 논고"의 일반성 개념에서 가장 결정적인 것은 ${\xi}$-조건이다. 램지를 제외하면, 앤스컴, 글록, 케니 등은 ${\xi}$-조건과 관련된 비트겐슈타인의 생각을 정확하게 파악하는 데 실패하고 있으며, 그들의 주장은 결코 정당하지 않다. 또한 논리학사의 관점에서 보면 5.52는 매우 중요한 의의를 지닌다. 즉 그것은 무한 논리학(infinitary logic)의 가능성과 모델 이론에서의 논의 영역(universe of discourse)의 개념을 최초로 예견하고 있다.

• 논리연구
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.117-159
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• 2020

전기 비트겐슈타인의 『논리-철학 논고』에서 논리철학과 수학철학은 가장 핵심적이고 중요한 주제들에 속한다. 그렇다면 비트겐슈타인은 『논고』에서 논리학과 수학에 관해 어떤 철학적 견해를 보였는가? 가령 그는 프레게와 러셀의 논리주의를 받아들였는가 아니면 거부했는가? 그는 수학과 논리학의 관계를 어떻게 규정했는가? 가령 "수학은 논리학의 한 방법이다."(6.234)와 "논리학의 명제들이 동어반복들 속에서 보여 주는 세계의 논리를 수학은 등식들 속에서 보여 준다."(6.22)를 우리는 어떻게 해석해야 하는가? 그리고 비트겐슈타인은 『논고』에서 동어반복과 등식의 관계를 어떻게 파악했는가? 나는 이 글에서 『논고』를 중심으로 이러한 물음들에 대해 대답하고자 한다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.266-280
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• 2017

This study predicted consumer approach/avoidance behavior through consumer emotional experiences and examined the moderating effect of perceived surprises in the context of digital signage in store environments. A self-administered questionnaire consisted of consumer emotional experience (e.g., pleasure, arousal, and dominance), approach-avoidance behavior and perceived surprise by digital signage. A total of 278 usable responses were obtained from consumers who experienced digital signage at fashion retail stores. The findings support the Mehrabian-Russell model in the context of digital signage. Approach behavior was predicted by pleasure and arousal emotional experience, while avoidance behavior was predicted by dominance. The moderating effect of perceived surprise was also indicated in the effect of emotional experience on approach or avoidance behavior. In the high level of perceived surprise, pleasure and arousal had significant effects on approach behavior, whereas dominance had significant effect on avoidance behavior. This study discussed theoretical and managerial implications for creating emotional experiences and developing strategic store management by utilizing new digital technology within the fashion retail environments.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.223-231
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• 2010

This paper showed the difference between the selectivity of gill net by least square method with polynomials in Kitahara's and that by maximum likelihood analysis for Japanese sandfish and Korean flounder. Catch experiments for Japanese sandfish using commercial vessels off the eastern coast of Korea were conducted with six different mesh sizes between October and December 2007 and those for Korean flounder with five different mesh sizes between 2008 and 2009. The mesh size of 50% probability of catch corresponding to biological maturity length of fish was not different between that by least square method and that by maximum likelihood analysis for Japanese sandfish, however, a little different for Korean flounder, that is, those mesh sizes of 50% probability of catch for biological maturity length of Korean flounder were 10.6cm and 10.1cm by least square method and maximum likelihood analysis, respectively.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.83-95
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• 2003

Investigations were conducted on the changes in carotenoids content, and quantification of cis-trans-${\beta}$-carotene Isomers in pureed and cooked carrot and spinach during storage. The isomerization and degradation of carotenoids were monitored by high-performance liquid chromatography on a C$\_$30/ reversed-phase column with diode-array detection. The results showed that lutein, ail-trans-${\beta}$-carotene, ${\alpha}$-carotene, 9-cis-${\beta}$-carotene and 13-cis-${\beta}$-carotene were present in carrot and spinach. Zeaxanthin and cryptoxanthin were present in raw spinach. The contents of lutein, zeaxanthin, cryptoxanthin, ${\alpha}$-carotene and all-trans-${\beta}$-carotene in pureed and cooked carrot and spinach decreased with increasing storage period. The 9-cis and 13-cis carotenoid isomers were the major types formed in cooked carrot during storage. Cooking was not found to alter the carotenoid profile of the sample, but increased the total amount of carotenoids compared with pured ones. This increase could be explained that cooking itself increased the extraction efficiency and inactivated the enzymes degradating carotenoids.

• 천문학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.115-123
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• 2006

We present $JHK_S$ near-infrared CCD photometric study for the Galactic open clusters NGC 1641 and NGC 2394. These clusters have never been studied before, and we provide, for the first time the cluster parameters; reddening, distance, metallicity and age. NGC 1641 is an old open cluster with age $1.6{\pm}0.2$ Gyr, metallicity $[Fe/H]=0.0{\pm}0.2$ dex, distance modulus$(m-M)_0=10.4{\pm}0.3\;mag(d=1.2{\pm}02\;kpc)$, and reddening $E(B-V)=0.10{\pm}0.05$ mag. The parameters for the other old open cluster NGC 2394 are estimated to be $age=1.1{\pm}0.2$ Gyr, $[Fe/H]=0.0{\pm}0.2$ dex, $(m-M)_0=9.1{\pm}0.4\;mag(d=660{\pm}120\;pc)$, and $E(B-V)=0.05{\pm}0.10$ mag. The metallicities and distance values for these two old open clusters are consistent with the relation between the metallicities and the Galactocentric distances of other old open clusters. We find the metallicity gradient of 53 old open clusters including NGC 1641 and NGC 2394 to be ${\Delta}[Fe/H]/{\Delta}R_{gc}=-0.067{\pm}0.009\;dex\;kpc^{-1}$.