• Title/Summary/Keyword: Run-to-Run(R2R) Control

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Establishment and validation of an analytical method for quality control of health functional foods derived from Agastache rugosa

  • Park, Keunbae;Jung, Dasom;Jin, Yan;Kim, Jin Hak;Geum, Jeong Ho;Lee, Jeongmi
    • Analytical Science and Technology
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    • v.32 no.3
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    • pp.96-104
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    • 2019
  • Agastache rugosa, known as Korean mint, is a medicinal plant with many beneficial health effects. In this study, a simple and reliable HPLC-UV method was proposed for the quantification of rosmarinic acid (RA) in the aqueous extracts of A. rugosa. RA was selected as a quantification marker due to its easiness in procurement and analysis. The developed method involved chromatographic separation on a $C_{18}$ column ($250{\times}4.6mm$, $5{\mu}m$) at room temperature. The mobile phase consisted of water and acetonitrile both containing 2 % acetic acid and was run at a flow rate of $1mL\;min^{-1}$. The method was validated for specificity, linearity, precision, and accuracy. It was specific to RA and linear in the range of $50-300{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$ ($r^2=0.9994$). Intra-day, inter-day, and inter-analyst precisions were ${\leq}0.91%\;RSD$, ${\leq}1.40%\;RSD$, and 1.94 % RSD, respectively. Accuracy was 93.3-95.9 % (${\leq}1.21%\;RSD$). The method could be applied to three batches of bulk samples and three batches of lab scale samples, which were found to be $0.64({\pm}0.04)mg\;g^{-1}$ and $0.48({\pm}0.02)mg\;g^{-1}$ for the dried raw materials of A. rugosa. The results show that the proposed method can be used as a readily applicable method for QC of health functional foods containing the aqueous extracts of A. rugosa.

Productivity Improvement by developing statistical Model

  • Shin Ill-Chul;Park Jong-Hwan
    • Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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    • 2002.05a
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    • pp.225-231
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    • 2002
  • POSCO $\#2$ Stainless steel making plant produces more than 600 thousand ton per year with a variety of products consisting of austenite and ferrite stainless steel to meet custrmers' needs since 1996. The plant has four different major processes, that are, EAF-AOD-VOD-CC to finally produce semi-product called as slab. In this study, we importantly took AOD process into consideration due to its roles such as to check and verify the final qualities through sampling inspection. But the lead-time from sampling to its verification takes five to ten minutes causing produrtivity loss as muck as the lead-time as a result. Of all indices for quality and process control the plant has, carbon ingredient in liquid type of steel is the most important since it affects in a great way to the characteristics of steel, if any problem. customers not satisfied with quality could issue a claim; therefore there is no way hut to guarantee it before delivery. in this study, to reasonably reduce lead-time ran save a cycle time and finally improve our productivity from a state-or-art alternative just such as applying statistical model based on multi-regression analysis into the A.O.D line by analyzing the statistical and technical relationship between carbon and the relevant some vital independent variables. In consequence, the model with R-square $87\%$ allowed the plant to predict, abbreviating the process in relations to sampling to verification. approximately the value of [C] so that operators could run the process line with reliability on data automatically calculated instead of actual inspection. In the future, we are going to do the best to share this type of methodology with other processes, if possible, to apply into them.

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An HPLC-UV-based quantitative analytical method for Chrysanthemum morifolium: development, validation, and application

  • Jung, Dasom;Jin, Yan;Kang, Seulgi;Lee, Heesoo;Park, Keunbae;Li, Ke;Kim, Jin Hak;Geum, Jeong Ho;Lee, Jeongmi
    • Analytical Science and Technology
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    • v.32 no.4
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    • pp.139-146
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    • 2019
  • A simple and reliable analytical method based on high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection was established for the analysis of the flowers of Chrysanthemum morifolium (CM). Luteolin-7-O-glucoside (LU7G) was chosen as a target analyte considering its content, availability, and ease of analysis. Chromatographic separation of LU7G was achieved using a Phenomenex Gemini $C_{18}$ column ($250{\times}4.6mm$, $5{\mu}m$) run with a mobile phase consisting of 0.5 % acetic acid in water and 0.5 % acetic acid in acetonitrile at a flow rate of $1.0mL\;min^{-1}$. The detection wavelength and column temperature were set at 350 nm and $40^{\circ}C$, respectively. Method validation was performed according to the AOAC guidelines and the method was specific, linear ($R^2=0.9991$ for $50-300{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$), precise (${\leq}3.91%$RSD), and accurate (100.1-105.7 %). The limits of detection and quantification were 3.62 and $10.96{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$, respectively. The established method was successfully applied to determine the contents of LU7G in various batches of bulk CM extracts and labscale CM extract. The developed method is a readily applicable method for the quality assessment of CM and its related products.

A Study on Relationship between Point Load Strength Index and Abrasion Rate of Sediment Particle (퇴적물 입자의 점하중강도지수와 마식율의 관계에 대한 연구)

  • Kim, Jong-Yeon
    • Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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    • v.43 no.6
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    • pp.808-823
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    • 2008
  • Sediment abrasion in rivers is caused by the interaction between bedrock channel bed and sediment particles transported through the river. Abrasion rate of sediment particles in rivers is controlled by two major factors; Sediment transport conditions including hydraulic conditions form the erosive forces and physical and chemical strengths of the particles form a resistance force against abrasion and other erosional processes. Physical experiments were performed to find the role of each variable on sediment abrasion process. Total 266 sediment particles were used in this experiment. All sediment particles were divided into 11 independent sediment groups with sediment particle size and sediment loads. Each sediment groups were abraded in tumbling mill for up to 8 hours. Changes in weight were recorded by run and total: 2,128 cases of abrasion rate were recoded. Physical strength of rock particles was measured with point load strength index. It is found that sediment abrasion rate has a negative functional relationship point load strength index ($I_{a(50)}$) ($R^2=0.22$). It was suggested that physical strength of sediment particles set the "maximum possible abrasion rate'. As sediment flux increases, abrasion rates of sediment particles with similar point load strength index were changed. It could be concluded that not only physical characteristics of sediment particles, but also sediment transport conditions control sediment abrasion rates.

A 3-D Measuring System of Thermoluminescence Spectra and Thermoluminescence of CaSO4 : Dy, P (열자극발광 스펙트럼의 3차원 측정 장치와 CaSO4 : Dy, P의 열자극발광)

  • Lee, Jung-Il;Moon, Jung-Hak;Kim, Douk-Hoon
    • Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.71-75
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    • 2001
  • In this paper, a three-dimensional measuring system of thermoluminescence(TL) spectra based on temperature, wavelength and luminescence intensity was introduced. The system was composed of a spectrometer, temperature control unit for thermal stimulation, photon detector and personal computer for control the entire system. Temperature control was achieved by using feedback to ensure a linear-rise in the sample temperature. Digital multimeter(KEITHLEY 195A) measures the electromotive force of Copper-Constantan thermocouple and then transmits the data to the computer through GPIB card. The computer converts this signal to temperature using electromotive force-temperature table in program, and then control the power supply through the D/A converter. The spectrometer(SPEX 1681) is controlled by CD-2A, which is controlled by the computer through RS-232 communication port. For measuring the luminescence intensity during the heating run, the electrometer(KEITHLEY 617) measures the anode current of photomultiplier tube(HAMAMATSU R928) and transmits the data to computer through the A/D converter. And, we measured and analyzed thermoluminescence of $CaSO_4$ : Dy, P using the system. The measuring range of thermoluminescence spectra was 300K-575K and 300~800 nm, $CaSO_4$ : Dy. P was fabricated by the Yamashita's method in Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute(KAERI) for radiation dosimeter. Thermoluminesce spectra of the $CaSO_4$ : Dy, P consist of two main peak at temperature of $205^{\circ}C$, wavelength 476 nm and 572 nm and with minor ones at 658 nm and 749 nm.

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Marine Algal Flora and Community Structure of Igidea Area in Busan, Korea (부산 이기대 지역의 해조상 및 군집구조)

  • Shin, Bong-Kyun;Kwon, Chun-Jung;Lee, Suk-Mo;Choi, Chang-Geun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.121-129
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    • 2014
  • Marine algal flora and community structure were seasonally investigated at four sites in the vicinity of the Igidae on the southern east coast of Korea from May 2010 to February 2011. A total of 66 species including 9 of Chlorophyta, 14 of Phaeophyta, 43 of Rhodophyta were found during the survey period. Among these species, 16 species were found throughout the year. Seasonal mean biomass in wet weight was 123.6 (spring), 2,061.6 (summer), 412.0 (autumn), 678.9 (winter) $g{\cdot}m^{-2}$. Maximum biomass was recorded in summer($2,061.6g{\cdot}m^{-2}$), and minimum was recorded in spring($123.6g{\cdot}m^{-2}$). Spatial maximum and minimum species number were recorded at station 3 and 4(50 species) and at station 1(47 species). At station 1, 2 directly exposure on Yongho and Daeyeon cheon (stream) run off, and discharge from Nambu sewage treatment plants near coastal area, species diversity was relatively low and dominant species were similar throughout four seasons. The R/P, C/P and (R+C)/P value reflecting flora characteristics were 3.07, 0.64 and 3.71, respectively. The flora investigated could be classified into six functional groups such as coarsely branch form 39.39 %, sheet form 30.30 %, thick leather form 13.64 %, filamentous form 12.12 %, crustose form 3.03% and jointed calcareous form 1.52 % during survey period. The number of marine algae species in Igidea were 96 species at 1996 to 1997 and 66 species at 2010 to 2011, respectively. The change of seaweed species is due to the pollution loaded from sewage treatment plant and stream. We thus recommend that the positive maintenance control method like sewage treatment, for the protection of seaweed bed should be proceeded to near coastal area.

The Study of Coastal Change Detection Ortho Aerial Photo and Hydrographic Survey: Parcels Submerged (정사항공사진과 해양조사측량을 이용한 해안선변화 탐지에 관한 연구: 포락지 중심으로)

  • Choi Chul Eung;Kim Youn Soo;Suh Yong Cheol
    • Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.61-69
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    • 2005
  • The coastal erosion and the look of a heap which are mainly occurred in the district along the coast are found for various forms such as the estuary closing, the estuary sand bar the development of the coast sand bar, and the modification of coastline. Recently, due to the coastal development, these transformations have been intensified. The change of coast, which has been made slow progress is required long-term study on a searching examination of the root cause and a suggestion of a counter measure. In this research, ortho aerial photos were produced to analyze volumes of topographical alternations that have been progressed fer the long run, by 10s cycle from 1940s through 1990s, to compute accurate volumes of coastline variation, through a datum point and G.C.P (Ground Control Point). Also in this study, without respect to water level, the coastline variation was analyzed by using comparatively analyzed a Idlest land map, a cadastral map. And to analyze topographical variation volumes, the tidal station's materials was used under consideration f3r tide. Finally, topographical variation volumes are comparatively analyzed through surveying and sounding and a point of fine of aviation photographing was calculated and revised. After this research, by using ortho aerial photos, We can understand efficiency of these in computing volumes of variations of coastline by analyzing quantitatively erosion and look of a heap. Besides, in the future, these will be used for information gathering of the coastline integration control system.

A Study on Marketing of Cultured Laver Products (양식해태의 유통에 관한 조사 연구)

  • 유충열
    • The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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    • v.4 no.1_2
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    • pp.19-57
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    • 1973
  • Laver io one of the most necessary and seasonal items in Korean food from oldtimes. Laver is lagely eaten in dried form, and its supply depends entirely upon culture weeds. The history of laver culture in Korea about sixty or seventy years is older than in Japan. Significance of laver culture is divided into two aspects, one is food supply in the nation, and the other is export to other countries. Houses engaged in laver culture are about foully thousands, and laver production in 1972 is estimated as 1, 3 bitten sheets. (1 sheet is a dried laver of 20 cm sq, in the shape of paper) Especcially meaning of layer production is the concentration of labour input, and systematic management of labour. From around 1920, the method of laver culture was introduced by Japanese Imperialism for mono culture in shallow seas, and mass products of laver is provided to Japan market, DOMESTIC MARKET Fundamental consume function calculates at below, $D_{(68_71)}$=16354 $Y^{0.471}$ $P^{-1.0662}$ where D is total layer demand, Y income variable, P price variable. It means income elasticity is 476. in the whole country, and price elasticity is 1, 07. But generally income elasticity is higher in urban area than in rural area, as shown at 1, 3 in Seoul city. Expence of laver in house expenditure is mutually correlated with another expence, See Table 12 about the relative function. See Table 14 and 16 about the relation between the gathering and the changes of price in auction, wholesale and retail price support system is for two effects, one of which is constraint of the upper price, the other is rise of the lower price. Before the system control, the equation in three year average calculated as below, $Y_{b}$ =18, 907.7455+15435.9364 t (r=0.89) where the origin t=0 is the November and the units are month. Post the system control, $Y_{p}$ =30, 047.9636+1, 631.1721t (r=0.97) therefore, this system has an effect only on the rise of lower price, Average annual margins of laver products at four market levels according to the consumer spent is below. EXPORTING MARKET Japanese demand function of laver products is, Log D=5, 289+1, 108 Log Y-1, 395 Log P (r=0.987) where D is Japanese laver demand, Y income variable, P price variable. according to which income elasticity is 1. 1 and price elasticity is 1.4. Laver production in 1970 tile highest record till then, is estimated as six billion sheets. But the recent improvement of laver culture techniques, the production of seeds and freezing storage of seeds has been stabilized. Futher new culture farms have been developed by means of break- water fences or by floating culture method. These improvements have been backed up with increased demand of laver products. Import quantity and price of Korean laver products are restrained by three organizations, that is producer, distributor and consumer. This relationship calculated by regression equation shows that import is influenced only producer organization, at the sacrifice of consumer profit. For increase to export of laver products, we urgently require to open foreign trade of laver products for Japanese consumer, .and Japan has political responsibility to solve Korean laver structure. But with long run timeseries, as regards Japanese production and import quantity, importing function shows increasing trend as below, 250 million sheets <3, 947.1674+0.005 $L_{g}$ >) 600 million sheets where $L_{q}$ is relative production quantity of laver in Japan. (unit; 100 thousand sheets) Our Export effort should be put on the highly processed products whithin the restraind quote.ote.

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Differential Impacts on Bacterial Composition and Abundance in Rhizosphere Compartments between Al-Tolerant and Al-Sensitive Soybean Genotypes in Acidic Soil

  • Wen, Zhong-Ling;Yang, Min-Kai;Fazal, Aliya;Liao, Yong-Hui;Cheng, Lin-Run;Hua, Xiao-Mei;Hu, Dong-Qing;Shi, Ji-Sen;Yang, Rong-Wu;Lu, Gui-Hua;Qi, Jin-Liang;Hong, Zhi;Qian, Qiu-Ping;Yang, Yong-Hua
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.30 no.8
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    • pp.1169-1179
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    • 2020
  • In this study, two soybean genotypes, i.e., aluminum-tolerant Baxi 10 (BX10) and aluminumsensitive Bendi 2 (BD2), were used as plant materials and acidic red soil was used as growth medium. The soil layers from the inside to the outside of the root are: rhizospheric soil after washing (WRH), rhizospheric soil after brushing (BRH) and rhizospheric soil at two sides (SRH), respectively. The rhizosphere bacterial communities were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing of V4 hypervariable regions of 16S rRNA gene amplicons via Illumina MiSeq. The results of alpha diversity analysis showed that the BRH and SRH of BX10 were significantly lower in community richness than that of BD2, while the WRH exhibited no significant difference between BX10 and BD2. Among the three sampling compartments of the same soybean genotype, WRH had the lowest community richness and diversity while showing the highest coverage. Beta diversity analysis results displayed no significant difference for any compartment between the two genotypes, or among the three different sampling compartments for any same soybean genotype. However, the relative abundance of major bacterial taxa, specifically nitrogen-fixing and/or aluminum-tolerant bacteria, was significantly different in the compartments of the BRH and/or SRH at phylum and genus levels, indicating genotype-dependent variations in rhizosphere bacterial communities. Strikingly, as compared with BRH and SRH, the WRH within the same genotype (BX10 or BD2) always had an enrichment effect on rhizosphere bacteria associated with nitrogen fixation.

Characterization of a New Cultivar, 'Cham' in Agrocybe aegerita (버들송이 신품종 '참'의 특성)

  • Jeon, Dae-Hoon;Choi, Jong-In;Ha, Tai-Moon;Ju, Young-Cheol
    • Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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    • v.42 no.3
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    • pp.288-293
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    • 2010
  • 'Cham', a new cultivar of Agrocybe aegerita, was bred by crossing between monokaryotic strains isolated from GMAG45021 and 'Beodeulsongi1ho' in Mushroom Research Station, Gyonggi Province A.R.E.S. in 2007. The optimum temperature for the mycelial growth of 'Cham' was 26 to $28^{\circ}C$ on PDA medium, whereas that of 'Beodeulsongi1ho'(control) was 24 to $26^{\circ}C$. The optimum temperature for the primordial formation and fruiting body development of 'Cham', as well as 'Beodeulsongi1ho', was 18 to $20^{\circ}C$. In the bottle cultivation, the spawn run period of 'Cham' at 22 to $23^{\circ}C$ was around 38 days and the period from scratching of inoculum to harvest was 12 days. These characteristics of 'Cham' were not different from those of 'Beodeulsongi1ho'. However, 'Cham' had more dark brown-colored, and thicker and stronger pileus, and longer and thicker stipe compared to that of 'Beodeulsongilho'. Freshness of 'Cham' was maintained for 10 days at the storage temperature of $4^{\circ}C$, while that of 'Beodeulsongi1ho' was maintained for 8 days. Moreover, the yield of fruiting bodies of 'Cham' was $141g/850m{\ell}$ bottle, which was similar to that of 'Beodeulsongi1ho'. Both 'Cham' and 'Beodeulsongilho' have lower resistivity against Trichoderma virens and Trichoderma harzianum.