• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.61-70
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this research was to examine radon exposure in terms of the relationship between the living environment and indoor radon concentrations among vulnerable households. Methods: Nationwide, 1,129 subjects were selected using personal questionnaires for adequately understanding the living environment, installation of E-PERM radon gas detectors, and investigation of the structure of the housing. Results: The mean concentration of indoor radon for all subjects was $130.2Bq/m^3$ (GM=101.7), and a total of 438 subjects (38.8%) exceeded the recommended standards ($148Bq/m^3$) for public facilities by the Ministry of the Environment. By location, the highest concentrations ($164.3Bq/m^3$, GM=124.1) were seen in North Chungcheong Province. In the case of the Seoul/Gyeonggi Province metropolitan area, they showed $125.6Bq/m^3$ (GM=105.1) and $118.9Bq/m^3$ (GM=96.5), respectively. By type of housing, indoor radon concentrations in single-family housing were higher than in row/multi-family housing (p<0.01). Although indoor radon concentrations raised in accordance with year of construction (p<0.05), the difference between indoor radon concentrations in underground residences was not observed to be statistically significant (p=0.633). Conclusion: More studies are necessary in the future regarding the difference in indoor radon concentrations that may occur due to different of types of indoor construction, building materials, and the amount of building materials.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.31-43
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• 1982

Engineering phase of dairy housing systems has close connection with the milk produc- tivity of dairy cattle, the quality of milk, extension of dairy production systems, labor- saving in management of dairy cattle and the like. Moreover, the rate of investment of dairy housing facilities is of relatively high level, However, there has been almost no research effort for the improvement of engineering aspects of dairy housing systems in Korea. The purpose of this study is to find out general engineering problems and to recomm- end the improvement in dairy housing systems in Korea. Field survey by means of questionaire, direct measurements, taking pictures and sketching was conducted to get necessary information for the study. Kyung-ki Do region was firstly chosen for sampling area since it has included more than half of the number of dairy farms of the whole country. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. In overall dairy farm layout, the dwellings of workers were ignored in the light of sanitary environment 2. The layout of stalls in a dairy barn belongs mostly to the type of double-row face-out, which is compatible with the emphasis of manure disposal activities. 3. While the width and length of stalls were sufficiently close to the standard dimension, the width of mangers was much less than the standard dimension. 4. The width and depth of manure gutters and the width of working alleys were much. less than the standard dimension. 5. The mooring equipment was mostly in the classes of chain or rope. The watering equipment was not facilitated independantly except the one cese of using watercup. 6. The bucket milkers with one or two bucket milkers with the capacity of two cattles. each were used as milking equipment in most dairy farms. 7. There were only few milk rooms independently spaced from other space, in which the arrangement of milking equipment was much less than the standard condition. 8. The lounging ground area was averaged to be sufficient for the activity of dairy herd. 9. Silos for silage used during winter consisted of mostly bunker silos, trench silos and underground vertical silos. Ordinary vertical silos were considered for the farmers to be inconvenient for the labor saving. 10. From the view point of heat conservation and moisture removal within the dairy barns, windows were not flexible for the easy ventilation and ceiling part was not adequate for temperatur maintenance. 11. Waste treatment and disposal systems were not provided with most dairy farms, therefore the livestock waste pollution problems would be serious in the near future.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제39권9호
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• pp.79-93
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to develop the creative play environments for children. Physical environment is very important for play of child. Play activities of chad depends on materials and resources of physical environment around housing. To achieve the purpose of the study, following research questions are performed: 1) to investigating the play environments and its maintainence in Daejon 2) examining and analyzing the contents, safety, and functions of the playgrounds selected based on above findings 3) suggesting the creating play environments for child. Eighteen playground were selected and evaluated objectively by trainned personnel; the subjects(55children and 39adults) who used the playgrounds evaluated the playground subjectively. The results were as fellows: 1) Playgrounds selected in this study were conventional playgrounds, in which child can only do simple physical activities. The playground has installed fixed equipment in a row, in an effort to utilize whatever space available. However, such places are neither developmentally or economically sound. 2) The playgrounds evaluated in this study were very poor in matter of content, safety, and functions. The playgrounds lacks play materials, equipment, national features, storage, and do not follow national safety guidelines and standards. 3) The playground should offer much wider variety of natural material- textures including grass, dirt, stone, brick, plastic, metal, bark, leaves, sand, water, and a larger variety of plants, gardens, natural areas, and animals.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.135-140
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• 2004

The purpose of this research is to investigate the characteristics of Jeju recreational pension. This research is carried out by on site inspection and the survey on management of the recreation facilities. A target of research is sixteen facilities of recreation pension in Jeju-do. Recreational pension was created by Jeju Free International City of special law in 2000. Jeju Recreational pension has characteristics as follows : The land area of that is $1300m^{2}{\sim}6300m^{2}$, the number of guest rooms are 10, and the area of guest rooms are $29m^{2}{\sim}100m^{2}$. Especially most of them are in Namjeju-gun. Also, they mostly have R.C. structure, and materials of exterior are artificiality stone. The color of an outer walls are mostly white and light-beige and that of the roofs are mainly dark-brown. On plot plan, it has 4type of prototype; type of outbuilding, arranging in a row, corridor, hall and composition of three types with public area. The outside facilities are equipped by handy golf courses and outdoor barbecue cooking sites. Unfortunately, most of pensions don't reflect the characteristics of architecture factors in Jeju.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.445-456
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• 2000

A can type high-speed transplanting mechanism was developed. The mechanism consists of a cam and an epicycle gear train with one sun gear in the middle and four planet gears in a row but symmetric with respect to the sun gear. Two planting knives are pivoted on the two outer gears. When sun gear rotates with a constant velocity the planting knife rotates also with a constant velocity. This constant motion of the transplanting knife is accelerated partially by a cam fixed in the gear housing so that the locus of the planting knife becomes similar to that generated by a crank-type transplanting mechanism. This cam-type transplanting mechanism can solve the problems associated with the rotary-type transplanting mechanisms. The mechanism was designed with an aid of computer simulation and proved applicable to high speed transplanters by its mock-up model. The design process of the mechanism was presented and dynamic analysis was also carried out to show the advantages of the mechanism over the rotary type high-speed planting mechanism.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.761-770
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• 2017

본 연구는 근린재생이 필요한 저층밀집주거지역의 연립주택 하부 필로티 공간을 대상으로 커뮤니티 활동을 수용할 수 있는 방안을 제안하는데 목적이 있다. 협소한 주차공간에 미치는 영향을 최소화하기 위해, 벽식 구조는 배제하고, 필로티의 기둥 사이 유휴공간에 수요자 요구시설을 모듈(Prefabricated frame)을 설치하여 활용할 수 있는 계획을 제안하였다. 모듈을 사용할 경우, 단기간에 미리 제작된 프레임을 조립하는 방식으로 공기단축, 비용절감은 물론 소음 등으로 인한 민원발생을 최소화할 수 있다는 장점이 있기 때문이다. 또한 거주자 요구에 따라 다른 형태로 축소, 확대한 프레임을 연결할 수 있다는 측면에서 긍정적인 효과를 기대할 수 있다. 거주자 면담조사와 필로티 실태 조사를 통해 택배보관소, 휴게공간, 문화 공간, 쓰레기 처리 공간 등이 필요로 하다는 것을 도출할 수 있었다. 이를 해소하기 위해 본 연구에서 제안한 모듈은 4가지로, 삼각모듈, 퍼즐모듈, 박스모듈, 경첩모듈이다. 각각의 장점과 단점을 정리하고, 향후 보완방향을 제안함으로써 활용 가능성을 시사하였다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.56-71
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• 2023

삶의 질 향상과 환경에 관한 관심 고조로 도시 녹지 공간에 대한 시민들의 요구가 증가하고 있다. 이에 작은 규모로 토지 소유 논란이 적으면서 조성이 수월하고, 주거지에 인접하여 주민 일상 속 환경개선의 효과가 클 것으로 예상되는 정원에 주목할 만하다. 더욱이 최근 국가 정책사업인 도시재생사업의 일환으로 마을 정원을 낙후 주거 지역에 조성하는 사례가 증가하는 등 도심 정원의 의미와 역할이 확대되고 있다. 따라서 정원이 지역사회에 가져오는 긍정적 효과에 관한 연구가 필요한 시점이다. 그러나 선행연구들은 대부분 공원이나 숲과 같이 일정 규모 이상의 녹지에 한정하여 그 효과를 살피고 있고, 정원의 효과를 정량적으로 평가하는 연구는 미진한 상황이다. 이에 본 연구는 정원과 정원 활동이 지역사회에 가져오는 긍정적 효과를 정량적으로 살피고자 한다. 특히 지역 주민들의 삶의 만족과 주민 간 교류 등 사회적 측면에 주목하여 도심 속 정원의 의의를 살폈다. 연구 대상지는 경기도 안산시 단원구 고잔1동의 노후 저층 연립주택단지 밀집 지역이다. 이곳은 주민들이 자발적으로 근린생활권 내 자투리 공간을 활용하여 정원을 가꿔온 지역이다. 또한 2017년 경기 정원박람회 때 단지 내·외부 공간에 정원이 조성되고 현재까지 존치된 지역이다. 따라서 다양한 유형의 정원이 자리하고 있어 주민들의 정원 활동 및 그 효과를 연구하기에 적합한 사례 지역이었다. 연구 과정은 현장답사를 통해 해당 지역의 정원 및 정원 활동 현황을 살폈고, 이후 정원 활동 여부와 양상이 주민들의 행복감 및 사회자본에 영향을 미치는지 설문하였다. 설문 내용은 t-test 및 ANOVA로 분석하였다. 그 결과 정원 활동하는 주민이 정원 활동을 하지 않는 주민보다 '이웃 교류' 및 '주민참여'가 더 활발한 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 주민이 직접 만든 정원에서 정원 활동을 하는 경우가 정부 사업으로 조성된 정원에서 정원 활동을 하는 경우보다 '삶의 만족도'가 더 높았다. 더불어 단지 내에서 정원 활동하는 경우가 단지 외부 정원을 이용하는 것보다 '삶의 만족' 지수가 높게 '부정적 감정'은 낮게 나타났다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 정원이 노후 주거지역의 주민 간 교류 및 커뮤니티 참여를 촉진하고, 삶의 만족도를 높여주는 등 긍정적 역할을 하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 향후 지역재생 및 공간복지 차원으로 노후 주거지역에 정원을 조성할 때 주민이 정원 조성 및 운영 과정에 참여하는 것이 중요하며, 정원의 위치 선정에도 주의를 기울여야 함을 알 수 있었다.