• International Journal of Contents
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.55-60
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• 2012

Most Korean and overseas major portal sites include map servers to provide map services, and offer open APIs to allow their users to make use of maps or spatial information directly. At the early design stage, geographic spatial data do not tend to require high accuracy, and thus there would be no problem using data which have been obtained and then utilized through map servers provided by portal sites. This study has chosen the shortest route between starting point and destination, using GIS techniques. Moreover, for the chosen route, it also has calculated the elevation for the cross-section, using Google map and GPS measurements. This study aims to create APIs, which can extract vertical profile of routes from the Google Map server, by using JAVA, and to compare centerline profile results obtained by GPS(Global Positioning System) to explore their utilize abilities. The result demonstrated a height error of 0.5 to 1 m, compared to the GPS results, but they were mutually satisfactory. In short, the data extracted in this study are useful for centerline profile drawings in selecting routes, such as streets, Olle roads, and bike lanes.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.344-351
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• 2016

In the point of view of a train operator, the main concern with a train operation is not only to maintain a time schedule, but also to decrease the energy consumption as much as possible. Generally for a manual drive, a train conductor controls the train acceleration and deceleration by controlling the notches not to exceed the regulation velocity by considering the given maximum velocity profile for an operation route. For this case, the guideline for a conductor is needed to choose the proper notches by applying the notch optimization so as to drive at the regulation velocity and minimize energy consumption simultaneously. In this paper, the real-time notch optimization plan is suggested using a genetic algorithm that optimizes the notches for the remaining route in real time when the event occurs that track information or regulation velocity profile of the remaining route changes during train operation as well as a normal operation situation. An energy saving effect and the convergence behavior of the optimal solution obtained was analyzed in a genetic algorithm.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.756-761
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• 2021

Dynamic route guidance (DRG) finds the fastest path from a source to a destination location considering the real-time congestion information. In Korea, the traffic state information is available by the public transportation data (PTD) which is indexed on top of the node-link map (NLM). While the NLM is the authoritative low-detailed road network for major roads only, the OpenStreetMap road network (ORN) supports not only a high-detailed road network but also a few open-source routing engines, such as OSRM and Valhalla. In this paper, we propose a DRG framework based on road network matching between the NLM and ORN. This framework regularly retrieves the NLM-indexed PTD to construct a historical speed profile which is then mapped to ORN. Next, we extend the Valhalla routing engine to support dynamic routing based on the historical speed profile. The numerical results at the Yeoui-do island with collected 11-month PTD show that our DRG framework reduces the travel time up to 15.24 % and improves the estimation accuracy of travel time more than 5 times.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.180-185
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• 2010

We have to develop more correct and systematic way to choose Hazardous Highway Segments. In this research, we applied CRP(Continuous Risk Profile) technique which developed by UC Berkeley Traffic Safety Center in year of 2007, and can analyze yearly dangerous level tendency of continuity in the route of main road that is under California Department of Transportation(Caltrans). We changed standard of CRP to suit in Korean circumstance with consideration in radius of curve and traffic volume. For the verification by actual accident data, we embodiment the CRP by using the data from total of 587 case of accident in latest 10 years in Gyeong-Bu Highways, the amount of 56km. Finally, the effectiveness of technique in this research has been verified by obtained same result with current method for Hazardous Highway Segments. In addition, when calculating the Hazardous Highway Segments with technique that presented in this research we obtained following statements. First, identified dangerous level of continuity in the route by using CRP. Second, Accurate of Actual Hazardous Highway Segments selection has been developed by using last 10 year's data and profile making which provide simplicity analyze of Tendency. Third, after reforming the way of selection, effective range has been wider than former selection and it gives advantage for the policy side.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.26-32
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• 2008

Middle Route Project, the largest water conveyance system in China delivers the water of Changjiang River to North China. In order to create canal operation simulation system, mathematical models are established based on the analysis of hydraulics about steady flow, unsteady flow, and check gate. By simulating the canal operation behavior, we improved the check gate control algorithm and predicted the change process of water surface and flow profile which is very valuable to actual canal operation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.100-103
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• 2023

Recently, development of maritime autonomoust surface ships and eco-friendly ships, production and evaluation research considering various marine environments is needed in the field of optimal routes as the demand for accurate and detailed real-time marine environment prediction information expands. An algorithm that can calculate the optimal route while reducing the risk of the marine environment and uncertainty in energy consumption in smart ships was developed in 2 stages. In the first stage, a profile was created by combining marine environmental information with ship location and status information within the Automatic Ship Identification System(AIS). In the second stage, a model was developed that could define the marine environment energy map using the configured profile results, A regression equation was generated by applying Random Forest among machine learning techniques to reflect about 600,000 data. The Random Forest coefficient of determination (R²) was 0.89, showing very high reliability. The Dijikstra shortest path algorithm was applied to the marine environment prediction at June 1 to 3, 2021, and to calculate the optimal safety route and express it on the map. The route calculated by the random forest regression model was streamlined, and the route was derived considering the state of the marine environment prediction information. The concept of route calculation based on real-time marine environment prediction information in this study is expected to be able to calculate a realistic and safe route that reflects the movement tendency of ships, and to be expanded to a range of economic, safety, and eco-friendliness evaluation models in the future.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.3 no.2 s.6
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• pp.29-42
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• 1995

Route design in topographical plane map brings many problems in efficiency and requires much time and labor by hand Recently, the active studies of efficient route design method using 3-D terrain information are being developed according to increasing concentration on GSIS. In order to analyze terrain information for route design efficiently, this study presents objective and overall datum by applying SQL in construction and analysis of database and the possibility of three-dimensional terrain information analysis, This study generates 3-D base map on topographical map of scale 1:5,000 and acquires terrain information that have various thematic map data; contour, land use, roadway, and drange. This is a study on the application of SQL in route design and construction of the terrain information that linked by graphic datum of completed topographical map and attributed datum of database. As the result of this study, we can produce promptly and efficiently design datum of profile annotation, cross section, and volume computations to the preliminary route for route design and apply this efficient method to route design by understanding visual DTM which is composed of the roadway and the natural scene after design.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.237-246
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• 2022

Among the technologies of the 4th industrial revolution, drones that have grown rapidly and are being used in various industries can be operated by the pilot directly or can be operated automatically through programming. In order to be controlled by a pilot or to operate automatically, it is essential to predict and analyze the optimal path for the drone to move without obstacles. In this paper, after securing and analyzing the pilot training dataset through the unmanned aerial vehicle piloting training platform designed through prior research, the profile of the dataset that should be preceded to search and derive the optimal route of the unmanned aerial vehicle was designed. The drone pilot training data includes the speed, movement distance, and angle of the drone, and the data set is visualized to unify the properties showing the same pattern into one and preprocess the properties showing the outliers. It is expected that the proposed big data-based profile can be used to predict and analyze the optimal movement path of an unmanned aerial vehicle.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.435-442
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• 2000

In the world of mobile agents, security aspects are extensively being discussed, with strong emphasis on how agents can be protected against malicious hosts and vice versa. This paper discusses methods for protecting an agent's route information from being misused by sites on route interested in gaining insight into the profile of the agent's owner or in obstructing the owner's original goal. Our methods provide visited sites with just a minimum of route information, but on the other hand allow sites to detect modifying attacks of preceding sites. Though, under noncolluding attacks, all methods presented provide a similar level of protection, the performance and the points of time differ when an attack can be detected.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.46-52
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• 2008

Background: Oral tolerance is defined by the inhibition of immune responsiveness to a protein previously exposed via the oral route. Protein antigens exposed via the oral route can be absorbed through the mucosal surfaces of the gastrointestinal tract and can make physical contact with immune cells residing in the intestinal lamina propria (LP). However, the mechanisms of oral tolerance and immune regulation in the intestines currently remain to be clearly elucidated. Methods: In order to determine the effect of oral protein antigen intake (ovalbumin, OVA) on the intestinal LP, we assessed the expression profile of the T cell receptor and the co-receptors on the cells from the intestines of the tolerant and immune mouse groups. Results: We determined that the proportion of OVA-specific B cells and ${\gamma}{\delta}$ T cells had decreased, but the CD8${\alpha}{\beta}$ and D8${\alpha}{\alpha}$ T cells were increased in the LP from the tolerant group. The proportion of CD8＋ T cells in the spleen did not evidence any significant differences between treatment groups. Conclusion: These results indicate that CD8＋ T cells in the intestinal LP may perform a regulatory role following antigen challenge via the oral route.