• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2009

This study analyzed the observation characteristics on space by analyzing through the visual perception experiment to the image dates from the original space and the rotated space of it. The results of this study are as fellow as: First, most frequently observed points were, lower end mainly from the center was more observed in the original space while upper end mainly from the center was more observed in the rotated space. Therefore, it is able for us to learn whether the space has the same design, the length of time focusing on one point differentiates as the image rotates. Second, differentiation in observation part, as shown in the case study, can be seen as a consequence of changes in perspective composition. The test indicates that when a design is presented to an observer, the observer's examining point would vary according to where the indoor perspective drawing places a vanishing point. Third, in zones I and II, observation was focused on lower end in the original picture while on the rotated picture there were more focus on the upper end and perpendicularity view of the indoor. Fourth, this study analyzed the mean value of the observation part. As one method wants to see how to change the observation characteristics by rotating the original space, few deviation from the mean value will be interpret to have similar observation characteristics over all even if it has the differences of watching place by rotated space.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제4권6호
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• pp.989-1005
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• 2010

Cooperative diversity is a technique with which a virtual multiple antenna array is established among the single antenna users of the wireless network to realize space diversity. Signal space diversity (SSD) is a bandwidth-efficient diversity technique, which uses constellation rotation and interleaving techniques to achieve diversity gain. A new cooperative diversity scheme with rotated constellations (RCCD) is proposed in this paper. In this scheme, data are modulated by using a rotated constellation, and the source and the relays transmit different components of the modulated symbols. Since any one of the components contains full information of the symbols, the destination can obtain multiple signals conveying the same information from different users. In this way, space diversity is achieved. The RCCD scheme inherits the advantage of SSD - being bandwidth-efficient but without the delay problem of SSD brought by interleaving. The symbol error rate of the RCCD scheme is analyzed and simulated. The analysis and simulation results show that the RCCD scheme can achieve full diversity order of two when the inter-user channel is good enough, and, with the same bandwidth efficiency, has a better performance than amplify-and-forward and detect-and-forward methods.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.179-187
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• 2010

For the user-centered interior space design, a designer needs to carefully focus on the details from which the user must keenly observe or concentrate on the space and how to deliberately check the image of the space. Following this view, for the user-centered interior space design this study analyzes the way which the space is represented from the perspective of the image assessment. The results obtained from this study are summarized as follows: First, this study analyzed the characteristic of space image change in the form of cross-comparison between one space and a rotated space. With analyzing of an eye fixation by showing the space, the space images of "concentration-dispersion" and "strengthening-weaken "have an important role in the analysis of the perception of space. it confirmed that the method of space perception was changed by rotated the space. Second, With changing quantities of image and extraction of deviation from adjective in survey, it quantitatively graps that respondents of feel in space perception by changing the space and "concentration" and 'dispersion" for process of space choice. The results of the research can provide important basis to judge the changing of space perception by visual perception. Third, through the analysis of image change rate and deviation rate, the characteristics of image change with space change can be analyzed. The results derived from the study provide the evidence to support the image change by space rotating.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.291-295
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• 2008

본 논문은 비전 시스템을 통하여 입력되어 들어오는 회전된 물체를 보정하기 위해 사용하는 선 구조 분석 도구인 라돈변환의 문제점을 해결하기 위해 입력 영상 간소화 방법을 제안한다. 먼저, 비전 시스템을 통하여 입력된 영상 내에서 불필요한 배경 부분을 제거하여 물체 영상을 추출한다. 다음, 추출된 물체 영상에 대하여 기울기를 고려하여 제한된 물체 영상만을 라돈 변환의 최종 입력 영상으로 추출한다. 마지막으로 최종 입력 영상에 대하여 라돈 변환을 사용하여 회전각을 추출한 후, 원 영상 내의 회전된 물체를 보정한다. 실험 결과, 제안한 방법은 처리 속도를 약 64% 향상시킬 수 있었고, 기억용량은 약 18% 줄일 수 있었으며, 선 검출율은 약 18%까지 향상시킬 수 있었다.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.181-187
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• 2024

이미지 공간에서 무작위로 회전된 객체에 대한 분류 성능이 우수한 기법으로는 군 등변 CNN과 steerable 필터를 이용한 CNN 등이 있다. 본 논문에서는 이들의 수학적 구조를 설명하고 구현 방법을 소개한다. 기존의 CNN을 포함한 세 개의 모델에 대하여 동일한 필터 수를 갖도록 구현한 다음, 무작위로 회전된 MNIST를 이용하여 실험하고 이들의 성능을 비교분석한다. 실험 결과에 의하면 steerable CNN은 CNN보다 6.5% 이상의 인식률 향상을 보여준다. 특히, steerable CNN은 학습할 파라미터의 수가 상대적으로 적어서 훈련 데이터셋의 크기를 줄여도 성능 열화가 비교적 크지 않음을 실험 결과로 확인한다.

• 한국디지털건축인테리어학회논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2011

This Study is about the Axis used for creating forms of interior spaces in representative works of Peter Eisenman architecture. The plans, elevations, photos of interior spaces of his architecture were collected and analysed. In conclusion, the methods using axises were classified in the axises crossing right angle and the rotating axises crossing right angle. The rotating axis were divided into one-angle rotating and multi-angle rotating. The axises were rotated on the plan or rotated on the elevation. The axises crossing right angle were used for dividing, assembling, transforming and composing different proportions of rectangles in interior spaces. The rotating axises crossing right angle were used for creating divers forms such as triangle, quadrilateral, and polygon. The one-angle rotating emphasizes directions of axises in interior spaces. The multi-angle rotating emphasizes decentered directions in interior spaces. The parts created while crossing axises three-dimensionally were opened or filled. The axises were used dynamically and three-dimensionally for diversity of forms in interior spaces of Peter Eisenman architecture.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.794-802
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• 2019

Magnetic geared motors are driven using the same operating principle as conventional synchronous motors in which a magnetic gear is embedded. The magnetic geared motor is structurally similar to a magnetic gear. However, by applying currents to the stator coil, the high-speed rotor is rotated by a magnetic field and the low-speed rotor is rotated according to the gear ratio. In this paper, the operational principle of a magnetic geared motor and the magnetic flux density in its inner and outer air gaps are described. Then the magnetic flux density in the two air gaps is used to express a method for calculating the electrical and mechanical output. Results obtained with the analytical calculation method are compared with those of the finite element analysis. Finally, a prototype is used to verify the results of the analytical calculation and FEA.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.374-384
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• 2021

본 논문에서는 암석시료의 CT 촬영 이미지상의 균열을 자동으로 탐지하는 새로운 인공지능 딥러닝 기법을 제안한다. 본 제안 기법은 2단계 딥러닝 객체인식 알고르즘인 Faster R-CNN을 기반으로 회전 가능한 경계박스(bounding box) 개념을 도입하여 알고리즘을 개조하였다. 회전 경계박스의 도입은 관심 균열 영역 밖의 배경의 불균질성 및 균열의 크기와 형태에 영향을 받는 딥러닝 객체인식기법 상의 고유한 어려움을 극복하기 위한 핵심 역할을 한다. 본 회전형 경계박스의 사용은 일반적으로 사용되는 영상 수평축과 평행한 경계박스 사용의 경우와 비교하여 긴 형태의 균열 형상 특성에 매우 잘 부합된다. 즉, 좋지않은 영향을 끼치는 경계박스 내 균열 이외 배경영역의 비율을 최소화 시킬 수 있다. 이외에도, 회전 경계박스의 추가적인 이점은 인식된 균열의 방향에 따라 회전하여 추론되는 경계박스를 통해 균열의 방향과 길이에 대한 정보를 직접적으로 얻을 수 있다. 본 제안기법의 적용성을 검증하기 위하여, 이미지상에서 매우 불균질한 화강암 시료에 인공적으로 균열을 발생시킨 다수의 암석시료 영상을 딥러닝 학습에 사용하고 추론 성능 실험을 진행하였다. 그 외에도, 동일 조건에서 사암과 셰일 암석 시료에도 적용하여 검증하였다. 결론적으로, 제안된 기법을 통해 균열 객체 인식의 평균 추론정확도(mAP)값이 0.89 정도 수준의 우수한 추론 성능을 보였으며, 기존 기법에 비해 추론된 경계박스 내 균열과 배경 영역의 비율 측면에서 배경의 비율이 획기적으로 최소화되는 유리한 추론 검증 결과를 보였다.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.1834-1843
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• 2000

In this paper, we propose a modular neural network based classification method for handwritten numerals utilizing rotated and translated images of an input image. The whole numeral pattern space is divided into smaller spaces which overlap each other and form multiple clusters. On these multiple clusters, multiple multilayer perceptrons (MLP) neural networks, specialized in those clusters, are constructed. Thus, each MLP acts as an expert network on the corresponding cluster. An MLP is also used as a gating network functioning as a mediator among the multiple MLPs. In the learning phase, an input numeral image is dithered by tow geometric operations of translation and rotation so that new numeral images similar to original one are generated. In the recognition phase, we utilize not only input numeral image, but also nearly generated images through the rotation and the translation of the original image. Thus, multiple output values for those generated images were combined to make class decision by various combination methods. The experimental results confirm the validity of the proposed method.

• 전자공학회논문지CI
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2004

본 논문에서 우리는 기존의 2차원 비전검사 시스템에 적용시킬 수 있는 1대의 카메라를 이용한 3차원 비전검사 알고리즘을 제안한다. 부품의 패턴 데이터베이스를 보유하여 이를 토대로 회전되어진 물체의 형태를 예측 가능하다면 충분히 하나의 이미지로 3차원 비전검사가 가능하다. 우리는 제안된 알고리즘에 3차원 데이터베이스, 2차원 기하학적 패턴매칭 그리고 회전변환 이론을 사용하였으며, 그 결과 물체의 회전각도를 예측함으로써, 각도가 틀어진 물체의 검사 가능성이나 전반적인 물체의 인식 등을 해결하였다. 또한 우리는 알고리즘을 전형적인 IC와 커패시터에 적용시켰으며 기존의 2차원 비전검사 및 3차원비전 알고리즘인 특징공간궤적 방법과 비교하였다.