• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.472-480
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• 2005

Purpose: Purpose of this study was to identify the effects on maternal role strain, maternal role confidence and maternal identity of a maternal role promotion program for mothers of premature infants. Method: A quasi-experimental non-equivalent pre-and-post test was used to compare the two groups. The data were collected from 62 mothers from September 10. 2003 to August 30, 2004 at Neonatal Intensive Care Unit(NICU) located in S. city and K. city. The maternal role promotion program was provided three times during the period from two-three days after the baby's admission to 1 month after the baby's discharge. The instruments for measurement were the Perceived Role Difficulty & Steffensmeier Scale, Self Confidence Scale and Semantic Differential Scale. Data were analyzed by means of frequency, mean and SD, $x^2$-test and t-test. Results: There were significant differences in maternal role strain level between the experimental and control group (t=2.163, p=.035), in the maternal role confidence between the two groups(t=-5.645, p=.000) and in maternal identity between the two groups(t=-4.923, p=.000). Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the maternal role promotion program had positive effects in decreasing maternal role strain levels and increasing maternal role confidence and maternal identity.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.192-200
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare and examine gender role identity and sexual attitude according to sex among college students. Method: The subjects consisted of 1,118 college students. The tool for gender role identity and sexual attitude was the Korea Gender Role Identity Inventory(KGRII) of Lee, Kim and Koh(2002) and the Sexual Attitude Scale of Koh, Kim and Lee(2005). The collected data was analyzed using descriptive analyzed statistics, $X^2$ test, Lamda, t-test, ANOVA, Sheffe and Pearson correlation with the SPSS WIN 12.0 program. Result: For male students, undifferentiated role identity type, 36.5%, was the most common but for female students, an androgynous role identity type, 39.3%, was most common. The sexual attitude score according to gender role identity type was 2.9 for the undifferentiated type as the highest score. Of both male and female students, the highest sexual attitude score was the undifferentiated type. Sexual attitude according to general characteristics for male students had a significant difference in major field of study and height and for female students weight. Sexual attitude was significantly related to age, height and weight. Conclusion: These results suggest that gender role identity and sexual attitudes are different between the sexes. This study result contributes to providing basic data for sex education and nursing interventions for college students.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.141-150
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• 2023

본 연구의 목적은 부산지역 중소병원 종사자를 대상으로 역할 스트레스(역할갈등, 역할모호성, 역할과부하)가 경력몰입과 이직의도에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 분석하는 것이다. 연구대상은 부산지역 종합 및 일반병원에 종사하는 간호직, 행정직 등 418명이며 실증분석을 위해 빈도분석, 상관관계분석, 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과는 첫째, 성별, 연령, 학력, 결혼상태, 근무연수에 따라 일부 연구변수에 유의한 차이를 확인하였다. 직종에 따라서는 역할갈등, 역할모호성, 역할과부하, 경력몰입, 이직의도의 모든 변수에 유의한 차이가 있었다. 둘째, 역할스트레스는 경력몰입에 유의한 부(-)의 영향, 이직의도에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 역할스트레스 중 역할과부하가 경력몰입과 이직의도에 가장 상대적으로 강한 영향력을 가지는 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 간호직을 포함한 전 직종의 근무자를 포함하여 역할 스트레스가 가지는 영향력을 분석한 점과 경력몰입, 이직의도의 설명변수로서 역할 스트레스의 의미를 실증적으로 밝혔다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.561-572
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify gender role identity and stereotypes and to explore the relationship between gender role identity and stereotype among college students. Method: The subjects consisted of 245 college students in Daegu. Each participant was administered the KGRII of Lee, Kim, Koh(2002) and Sex Stereotype scales modified by Kim, Dongil(1999). The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, $x^2-test$, Sheffe test with SPSS 11.0 PC Program. Result: 1. For male students, masculinity type(32.4%) was most prevalent but for female students, feminity type (29.3%) was most common. 2. Female students were inclined to oppose traditional sex-role rather than male students. And the over 23 years old group tended to resist traditional sex-roles rather than other aged group. 3. The Androginy typed group had more progressive sex-role compared with undifferentiated typed group. Conclusion: These results suggest that gender role identity and sex stereotype were difference in sex and age. And the androgyny typed group had more progressive sex-role compared with other gender role identity typed group.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.25-35
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• 2014

This paper aims to propose a conceptual model that empirically examines the relationship of psychological empowerment & role satisfaction and their dimensions with motivation in an Indian context. 176 executives/managers from many public sector organizations in India were approached. Cronbach alpha, correlation and regression analyses were applied to check the research hypotheses. Only meaning was found to be important predictor of motivation. Interestingly, achievement and extension were also observed to be the determinants of motivation. This paper would help researchers and practitioners to work on these variables in some other sectors also. Improvement in the psychological empowerment and role satisfaction will enhance the motivation among Indian business executives/managers which will improve the overall performance of the organization. It is an innovative attempt to utilize psychological empowerment and role satisfaction independently to improve motivation in an Indian framework.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.589-602
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• 2020

Background and objective: There are many theories related to the development of agrotourism, and each stakeholder has its own role and function. If it is based on organizational functions, stakeholders need to be coordinated, and the state plays a major administrative role. But in the successful case of Yeongdong County, Chungcheongbuk province, the Republic of Korea, the government played an important role in the development of tourism, which grants us another perspective on the role of the government in promotion and development agrotourism activities. Methods: This article aims to examine the development of agrotourism through a cooperative approach, by clarifying the role of the local authorities in the Yeongdong region in the management and operation of the local agrotourism activities. The qualitative research method is based on a field survey conducted in Yeongdong County in 2019. Results: The study's findings show that in situations where conflicts of interest among stakeholders are prone to occur, the development of local tourism has a limited impact on the cooperative culture, and local governments play an important role. Accordingly, the local governments must actively formulate strategies to maintain and develop traditional agricultural industries and at the same time develop agrotourism activities. The government's ability to coordinate, cooperate, and participate reasonably is a key factor for the success of the sustainable development of the tourism industry. Conclusion: Based on coordination between stakeholders and a reasonable strategic direction, Yeongdong's agrotourism is being effectively deployed. The development of Yeongdong's agrotourism industry has achieved impressive results through an effective strategy, highlighting the important role of localgovernment in the consensus of local communities and collaboration with stakeholders. The role of outstanding local governments has been clearly demonstrated, especially in promoting, establishing, and contacting different organizations to effectively deploy agrotourism in the region.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.21.1-21.22
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• 2021

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have strong immunosuppressive activity and are morphologically similar to conventional monocytes and granulocytes. The development and classification of these cells have, however, been controversial. The activation network of MDSCs is relatively complex, and their mechanism of action is poorly understood, creating an avenue for further research. In recent years, MDSCs have been found to play an important role in immune regulation and in effectively inhibiting the activity of effector lymphocytes. Under certain conditions, particularly in the case of tissue damage or inflammation, MDSCs play a leading role in the immune response of the central nervous system. In cancer, however, this can lead to tumor immune evasion and the development of related diseases. Under cancerous conditions, tumors often alter bone marrow formation, thus affecting progenitor cell differentiation, and ultimately, MDSC accumulation. MDSCs are important contributors to tumor progression and play a key role in promoting tumor growth and metastasis, and even reduce the efficacy of immunotherapy. Currently, a number of studies have demonstrated that MDSCs play a key regulatory role in many clinical diseases. In light of these studies, this review discusses the origin of MDSCs, the mechanisms underlying their activation, their role in a variety of clinical diseases, and their function in immune response regulation.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.137-156
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to analyze types of roles and fashion of the Chinese first ladies and provide basic data for fashion image-making of first ladies. As for the research methods, the concepts, role types, and fashion of the first ladies were considered by referring to the precedent studies and relevant literature. Then, the fashion images according to role types were analyzed by collecting the photos of Chinese first ladies from the period of the Republic of China until today. The results were as follows: First, when the roles of Chinese first ladies were categorized based on ceremonial, political, and policy roles, Zhuo Lin and Wang Yeping played a ceremonial role; Wang Guangmei, Liu Yongqing, and Peng Liyuan played a political role; and Soong Qingling, Soong Mayling, and Jiang Qing played a policy role while they were first ladies. While the first ladies of the Republic of China often wore classic Chinese styles like traditional qipao as well as western clothes which contained a western influence, the first ladies of the People's Republic of China wore more colorful clothes and more accessories in the later period, and also often wore clothes that combined traditional and western elements. Second, first ladies who played a ceremonial role showed mannish and classic images; those who played a political role showed elegant, classic, and diverse images according to T.P.O; and those who played a policy role showed feminine, modern, and mannish images. Fashion images of the first ladies varied according to the level of political involvement, the sociocultural background of China at that time, and their personality and preference.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.63-70
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• 1986

The objectives of this study were to investigate the three aspects of clothing behavior of high school toys and the relationships between those of clothing behavior and sex role attitude. For clothing behavior, two types of Clothing Conformity Scales were developed for this study, and two other aspects were assessed with Won, Choi. and Kahng's questionnaires dealing with Unisex Clothing Behavior and The Interest in fashionable Styles of Clothing. Sex role attitude was measured by Choi's questionnairs which was selected from Osmond-Martins's Sex Role Attitude Scale, and from Smith, Ferree and Miller's Feminism Scale. The questionnaires were administered to a sample of 243 high school boys in Seoul. The statistical analyses used for this study included relative frequency, Pearson's correlation, stepwise multiple regression. ANOVA, and t-test. The results obtained from this research were: 1) The liberal attitude of high school boys toward sex role was, in part, negatively correlated to the clothing conformity. 2) There were no significant relationships between sex role attitude ana unisex clothing behavior, and between sex role attitude and the interest in fashionable styles of clothing. 3) The unisex clothing behavior of the students was positively correlated to their interest in fashionable styles of clothing.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.499-509
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• 2021

본 연구는 전문상담교사가 지각하는 역할갈등과 소진의 관계에서 플로리시의 매개효과를 검증하는 데에 목적이 있다. 학교와 교육청에서 근무하는 전문상담교사 242명을 대상으로 설문조사를 수행하였으며 수집된 자료는 SPSS와 PROCESS macro 프로그램을 통해 분석되었다. 연구결과, 역할갈등과 소진은 유의한 정적 상관이 있었으며 플로리시는 역할갈등, 소진과 유의한 부적 상관이 있었다. 아울러 역할갈등의 세 가지 하위 유형인 역할기대 갈등, 개인-역할 갈등, 역할모호성 갈등에 따라 소진의 여러 하위 징후에 미치는 영향이 상이한 것으로 나타났으며 플로리시는 역할갈등의 각 요소가 소진에 미치는 영향을 모두 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 플로리시가 전문상담교사의 전문성 관리를 위한 지표로 고려될 수 있다는 것을 시사하며 학교단위의 긍정심리학적 접근이 학생뿐만 아니라 전문상담교사에게도 긍정적으로 작용하여 학교상담의 효과성을 개선하는 데에 기여할 수 있다는 것을 보여주는 결과라고 여겨진다.